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Visual Search Performance In A Dynamic Environment With 3d Auditory Cues, John Paul Mcintire
Visual Search Performance In A Dynamic Environment With 3d Auditory Cues, John Paul Mcintire
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Previous research on aurally-aided visual search has repeatedly shown a significant reduction in response times when displaying 3D auditory cues. However, the vast majority of this research has only examined searches for static (non-moving) targets in static visual environments. In the present study, visual search performance in both static and dynamic (moving) visual environments is examined with and without virtual 3D auditory cues. In both static and dynamic environments, and for all observers, visual search times were significantly reduced when auditory spatial cues were displayed. Auditory cues provided the largest benefits when the target initially appeared at farther eccentricities and …
Discrimination Across The Sectors: A Comparison Of Discrimination Trends In Private And Public Organizations, Megan K. Leasher
Discrimination Across The Sectors: A Comparison Of Discrimination Trends In Private And Public Organizations, Megan K. Leasher
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Differences and similarities between public and private sector organizations have been hypothesized and researched for several decades (Murray, 1975). This study investigated the differences in claims of employment discrimination reported for employees within the private and public sectors. A longitudinal database of statewide discrimination claims was analyzed to determine if differences in employment discrimination patterns or levels exist between the sectors. Theoretical and practical implications are presented in addition to propositions for future research.
Parameters Affecting Mental Workload And The Number Of Simulated Ucavs That Can Be Effectively Supervised, Bryan A. Calkin
Parameters Affecting Mental Workload And The Number Of Simulated Ucavs That Can Be Effectively Supervised, Bryan A. Calkin
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The present study investigated performance and mental workload when an operator supervises multiple UCAVs. This study focused on the parameters that affect the operator's performance during a simulated UCAV suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) mission, which is expected to be the primary function of the UCAV. All three manipulated factors, including the number of vehicles to be supervised, vehicle airspeed, and difficulty level of attacks (targets engaged by either a single vehicle or multiple vehicles), affected both performance and subjective mental workload measures. A performance mental workload redline was defined as the point at which accomplishment scores no longer …
Effect Of Variable Feedback Delay On Visual Target-Acquisition Performance, Julio Christian Mateo
Effect Of Variable Feedback Delay On Visual Target-Acquisition Performance, Julio Christian Mateo
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Traditionally, private communication channels with stable characteristics have been used in teleoperation situations. However, recently there have been a few attempts at using public communication channels such as the Internet. In spite of their convenience, very little is known about the effect of the variable delays inherent in this type of channel on motor performance. In this thesis, we provide empirical data on the impact of variable feedback delays on a 3D visual target-acquisition task performed in a virtual environment. Target size, distance between targets, mean feedback delay, and feedback-delay variability were manipulated and the number of errors and movement …
The Relationship Between Burnout And Engagement: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Gene Michael Alarcon
The Relationship Between Burnout And Engagement: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Gene Michael Alarcon
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Researchers have purported that burnout and engagement measure the same three latent constructs, energy, identification, and efficacy at work, but few have actually researched the theory (Maslach & Leiter, 1997; Schaufeli & Bakker, 2004). Burnout has been consistently related to workplace demands such as emotional labor (Brotheridge & Grandey, 2002; Brotheridge & Lee, 2002). The current study investigated whether burnout and engagement are comprised of energy, identification, and efficacy in a sample with high demands for emotional labor. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested that burnout and engagement might in fact be separate second order latent constructs comprised of only two …
Cognitive Ability, Job Knowledge, And Stereotype Threat: When Does Adverse Impact Result?, Mark V. Palumbo
Cognitive Ability, Job Knowledge, And Stereotype Threat: When Does Adverse Impact Result?, Mark V. Palumbo
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This research compared the efficacy of a cognitive ability test and two types of job knowledge tests for predicting job performance. Further, I examined job knowledge as a mechanism through which cognitive ability affects performance. Finally, I examined both types of tests relative to specific propositions from stereotype threat theory. Specifically, I examined the propositions that perceptions of the tests may cause mean score differences between Blacks and Whites and compared the effects of test perceptions relative to both test types. Results demonstrated that job knowledge accounted for significantly more variance in task performance than cognitive ability. Furthermore, job knowledge …
The Effects Of Representational Format And Discourse Principles On The Comprehension And Production Of Temporal Order, Louise J. Rasmussen
The Effects Of Representational Format And Discourse Principles On The Comprehension And Production Of Temporal Order, Louise J. Rasmussen
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In the present study I examined the role physical representations play in supporting distributed planning and scheduling. Specifically, I investigated the implications of different representational formats for the production of discourse as well as the later comprehension of text relating to temporal order. In the first part of the study, pairs of participants created schedules for constructing a house with the aid of either a numeric, list format, or a graphical, Gantt chart format. Participants completed the task in a non-collocated fashion, without shared visual access. In the second part of the study, after completing their schedule, the same participants …
Implicit Theories Go Applied: Conception Of Ability At Work, Charles N. Thompson
Implicit Theories Go Applied: Conception Of Ability At Work, Charles N. Thompson
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Implicit theories have been extensively studied in educational psychology (e.g. Dweck, 1999; Dweck & Leggett, 1988). Implicit theories have been related to goal orientation, response to failure, attributional style and perception of effort. With a few exceptions (e.g. Heslin, Latham, & VandeWalle, 2005; Martocchio, 1994) the potential applicability of this research to industrial/organizational psychology has been largely ignored. The current study proposed a measure specifically designed to measure implicit theories about work, assessed its relationship to other implicit theory measures, and explored potential relationships with work domain antecedents. Scales assessing conception of ability at work, goal focus, perception of effort, …
Diabetes Self-Management: Patient Cognition And The Development Of Expertise, Katherine D. Lippa
Diabetes Self-Management: Patient Cognition And The Development Of Expertise, Katherine D. Lippa
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Expert decision making has been widely researched among professionals, but non-professionals make many equally complex decisions. This study uses the case of type II diabetes to explore complex decision making among non-professionals. It was hypothesized that three cognitive aspects of expertise, problem detection, functional relationships, and problem solving, would be linked with higher levels of self-management (higher adherence and lower glucose). Twenty participants with diabetes were interviewed concerning their knowledge and experiences with diabetes. Participants also completed a questionnaire concerning their self-management practices. Interviews were transcribed and thematically coded. Participants who displayed characteristics of expert cognition reported higher levels of …
Active Regulation Of Speed During A Simulated Low-Altitude Flight Task: Altitude Matters!, April M. Bennett
Active Regulation Of Speed During A Simulated Low-Altitude Flight Task: Altitude Matters!, April M. Bennett
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This study examined active regulation of speed during a low-altitude flight task as a function of global optical flow rate, speed, and the presence or absence of a concurrent altitude disturbance. The results showed that altitude clearly had an impact on speed control; specifically, control of speed was much more difficult when altitude disturbances were present. Even in the no altitude disturbance conditions, performance tended to be best at lower altitudes. Consistent with previous research, the results suggest that speed and altitude changes have additive effects on speed judgments. This is inconsistent with the simple global optical flow rate hypothesis …
Interactive Effects Of Feedback Type And Feedback Propensities On Task Performance, Kristin M. Delgado
Interactive Effects Of Feedback Type And Feedback Propensities On Task Performance, Kristin M. Delgado
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of feedback types (i.e., outcome, process, and task feedback), feedback propensities, and their interactions on task performance in an attempt to determine, first, which types of feedback produced better task performance and, second, how feedback propensities influenced relationships between feedback type and performance. Process feedback and task feedback were expected to interact in their effects on task performance. In addition, I predicted that external feedback propensity would moderate the effects of process feedback on performance and initial task performance would moderate the effects of internal feedback propensity on task …