Digital Commons Network^™

Identification Of Inner-City, African-American Caregivers' Informational Needs In Providing Care For Their Children, Stacie De Lair

Honors Projects

The purpose of this study was to identify the information inner-city, African-American caregivers wanted in order to provide better care for their children. Thirty-five African-American caregivers of children, aged three to seven years, were interviewed. The gender, relationship to child, number of children cared for regularly, and the desired informational needs were identified. Frequencies and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results showed that parenting-discipline and safety were each identified by approximately 25% of the respondents as desired informational needs. Almost 20% of the responses indicated no need for information. Other categories where a need for information was identified …

The Effect Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Education Program On Knowledge, Attitudes And Sexual Behavior Of Selected College Students, Arlene Jaine Jackson Montgomery

Health Services Research Dissertations

The problem studied in this investigation was whether a behaviorally focused Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Program affects the knowledge, sexual attitudes and sexual behavior of college students.

Three hundred and six first-and third-year college students were included in the study from one university located in Southeastern Virginia. The sample was predominately female, African-American and mainly between the ages of 16-22 years of age.

Freshmen students were presently enrolled in the institution's HIV/AIDS education program, which was a part of a required course. The class sessions consisted of a pretest prior to student's completing the reading assignment …

The Identification And Reporting Of Physical Abuse By Physicians: A Review And Implications For Research, Jody E. Warner, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Identification and reporting of possible cases of child physical abuse are critical precursors to intervention with maltreating families. Professionals from a variety of disciplines are mandated to report suspected cases of child maltreatment. Unfortunately, not all physically abused children are identified or reported. This paper reviews the literature that has examined factors that may influence the identification and reporting of physical abuse by physicians. The literature review is preceded by an overview of the multistep, multibehavior process of identification and reporting. The factors that may influence identification and reporting are discussed according to their association with the case, physician, or …

Comparison Of Parental Perception And Therapist Interpretation Of Child's Performance Of The Peabody Fine Motor Scale, Martha Gene Belote

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Public Law 102-119 (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1991), mandates that family members, if they wish, participate in developing a plan of treatment for their child. Traditionally, therapist have not relied on parental assessments based upon the assumption that parents overestimate their child's abilities. The present study compared parental perceptions about the developmental status of their child's fine motor abilities to the therapist's interpretation of a standardized assessment using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (Fine Motor). Thirty seven children, enrolled in an early intervention program, and their parents were recruited for the study. The results indicated that the parents …

Update - March 1994, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- The Human Genome Project: A Molecular Approach to Defining Humanity
-- Some Legal Ramifications for Newborns
-- Ethical and Legal Ramifications of Predictive Genetic Information
-- Graduate program combines biomedical and clinical ethics

Clinical Occupational Bloodborne Exposure In A Dental School, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Ronald J. Pruhs, Elise Sampson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Socialization Of Children’S Vicarious Emotional Responding And Prosocial Behavior: Relations With Mothers' Perceptions Of Children's Emotional Reactivity , Richard A. Fabes, Nancy Eisenberg, Mariss Karbon, Jane Bernzweig, Anna Lee Speer, Gustavo Carlo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

We examined mother-child emotion-related interactions and how these interactions related to mothers’ perceptions of children’s emotional reactivity. Mothers of 49 kindergartners and 54 2nd graders told their children 2 stories about distressed others. Children’s emotional, physiological, and prosocial responses were also obtained. Mothers rated children’s tendencies to become emotional when exposed to distressed others. For kindergartners, mothers’ perceptions of children’s emotional reactivity were positively related to her use of positive facial expressions. Mothers’ perceptions of 2nd graders’ emotional reactivity were inversely related to maternal responsiveness. For both age groups, children’s skin conductance was inversely related to helpfulness. These findings suggest …

Family Planning And Reproductive Health: Briefing Sheets For A Gender Analysis, Kirsten Moore, Debbie Rogow

Reproductive Health

This series of briefing sheets, developed by the Population Council, represents a starting point for the application of gender to the family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) arena. The information covers five key areas of RH: gender-based abuse, FP and gender issues among adolescents, sexuality and FP, men’s and women’s social and economic responsibilities for childrearing, and the complicated nexus between gender and FP/RH. In so doing, it provides a strong foundation for gender training. This concept was first developed to fulfill a need for gender training within the regional Operations Research/Technical Assistance Projects. To date, two such workshops …

The Effects Of Muscle Tone On Shoulder Pain In The Post-Cva Population, Jane Ubben, Kim Moyle

Masters Theses

The purposes of this study were to determine whether post-CVA hemiplegic shoulder pain is related to hypertonicity, whether muscle tone of the shoulder differed between patients with pain and those without, and to determine whether a relationship exists between hypotonicity or hypertonicity and amount of range of motion (ROM), glenohumeral subluxation, or sensory disturbances, in those who experience pain. Data was analyzed for significance using the Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks Test, Mann-Whitney U-Test, Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact Tests ({dollar}\alpha{dollar} = 05). Review of l09 charts revealed a significant relationship between ROM limitations and pain. ROM limitations were significantly related to …

The Effect Of Immobilization On Grip Strength And Pinch Strength In Normal Subjects, Bonni L. Kinne

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a one-week period of immobilization resulted in a significant decrease in the grip strength and/or pinch strength of normal subjects.; The participants in this investigation were right-handed females between the ages of 21 and 45. Throughout the one-week period between the pre-test and post-test, each subject assigned to the experimental group had her left hand immobilized in a cast. During the pre-test and post-test, all of the subjects had their left hands tested for grip strength and pinch strength. A separate unpaired t-test was then calculated for grip strength measured with …

Integrative Theories Of Medicine: A (W)Holistic Vision, Kathryn B. Forestal

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of The Relationship Of Dental Implants To Diet And General Health, Linda M. Weinfield

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

An Anatomical Study Of The Maxillary Nerve Block Via The Greater Palatine Canal, Donald A. Miller

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Prenatal Maternal Attachment, Postpartum Depressive Symptoms And Maternal Role Attainment, Eileen R. Fowles

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Quality Of Life Predictors: Heart Transplant Spouses, Eileen G. Collins

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Paradox Of Tobacco Control, David Satcher, Michael Eriksen

Public Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Spouse Adaptation After The Partner's Open Heart Surgery, Marietta J. Gardner

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to describe the adaptation of male and female spouses after their partners' open heart surgery using the theory of person as an adaptive system. A descriptive correlational design was used to examine adaptation of male and female spouses to their partners' open heart surgery (criterion variable); and partners' health prior to surgery, length of time partner diagnosed with heart disease, number of years married, and general state of marital relationship prior to surgery as perceived by the spouse were predictor variables. The sample consisted of 20 male and 25 female spouses, 31 to 88 …

Trauma Patients: Social Support Desired And Perceived Satisfaction According To Category Of Provider, Marsha D. Stevens

Masters Theses

This study examined differences in social support received by trauma patients and their perceived satisfaction with the social support provided by various categories of providers including: family members, friends, RNs and other health professionals. Thirty hospitalized trauma patients were asked to rate the satisfaction they felt regarding seven forms of support. Types of support that most patients indicated their families and friends provided were spending time with them and making them feel important. Respectful treatment, providing information, encouragement and listening support from RNs and other health professionals was mentioned by a large percentage of the subjects. Qualitatively it was found …

What Is The Relationship Between Personality Hardiness And Burnout In Army Reserve Nurses?, Nancy M. Marchido

Masters Theses

Kobasa's conceptualization of personality hardiness provided the theoretical framework examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality hardiness (control, commitment, and challenge) and burnout in Army Reserve nurses. Data was obtained through a survey of forty Army Reserve nurses in the midwest area using Kobasa's Hardiness Scale and Jones' Staff Burnout Scale for Health Professionals. The subjects were primarily female (75%) and Caucasian (90%), with a bachelor of science degree or higher. A moderately strong inverse correlation was found (r = {dollar}-{dollar}.52, df = 35, p {dollar}<{dollar}.001). The validity and reliability were supported, however, the dimension of challenge was not related to burnout. Control and commitment correlated with burnout (r = {dollar}-{dollar}.61, r = {dollar}-{dollar}.57 respectively). Findings suggest that personality hardiness provides a resistance source in the perception of adverse job stressors, thus preventing or reducing burnout in nurses.

Administration Of The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test Of Motor Proficiency To Healthy 25 To 30 Year Old Males, M. Michelle Butler, Vanessa L. Koschtial

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the standards of performance on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form (BOT-S) of healthy males from 25 to 30 years of age. Although the BOT-S was developed and standardized on children, this test is used by physical therapists to assess adult patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). The BOT-S evaluates both gross and fine motor control. Reliability and validity of the BOT-S have been established on children 4.5 to 14.5 years of age. This study estimated standard scores for 25 to 30 year old males on the BOT-S.; This study was …

Physical Therapists' Views Of Certified Athletic Trainers In The Clinical Setting, Leah Parizon, Andrew Snyder

Masters Theses

Since certified athletic trainers began working in the clinical setting alongside physical therapists, there has been controversy between the two professions concerning the utilization of the ATCs. Although views of ATCs from the PTs' perspective have been speculated, there has been no conclusive research on this topic. The purpose of this study was to find out how physical therapists in the state of Michigan view ATCs in the clinical setting. The Health Team Stereotype Scale, which was developed by Dr. Harry Parker, was used to determine the PTs' attitudes toward the ATCs. There was a return rate of 47.4% (N …

Diploma Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward Poverty, Elizabeth Louise Phillips

Masters Theses

According to King, stereotyped perceptions may interfere with nurse-client transactions. Therefore, nurses' should possess attitudes which enable them to care for individuals who live in poverty. A descriptive correlational design was used to examine first year and second year diploma nursing students' attitudes toward individuals living in poverty. It was hypothesized that second year diploma nursing students would demonstrate a more positive attitude toward those living in poverty than first year diploma nursing students.; A convenience sample of diploma nursing students (N = 102) completed the "Attitudes about Poverty and Poor Peoples" scale utilized to assess students' attitudes (Atherton et …

Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole

Psychology Faculty Publications

While self-blame has been considered to be a useful coping tool for victims, its benefits within the context of group discrimination are equivocal. The present research hypothesized that women encouraged to engage in self-blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to endorse accepting their situation or endorse the use of individual, normative actions. In contrast, women encouraged to engage in societal blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to participate in non-normative actions aimed at enhancing the status of the group as a whole. Female students in Canada were subjected to a situation of discrimination and were encouraged …

Drug Use And Deterrence: A Test Of Silberman's General Theory, Michael Owen Maume

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The Sacroiliac Joint, Mark Daugherity

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Low back pain is one of the leading causes of lost productivity at work and disability in the United States. There are many factors thought to be involved in this diagnosis. These include intervertebral disc problems, mechanical dysfunctions, muscle sprains, ligament strains, and infectious diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis. One area often overlooked in the diagnosis of low back pain is the sacroiliac joint. There is much controversy surrounding the function of this joint. Although some clinicians question if there is any movement at all, many manual therapists evaluate this area in their daily practice and believe that …

Motor Skills And Mental Practice: A Tool For Physical Therapy, Kari L. Drevecky

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

The purpose of this Independent Study is to review the literature concerning mental practice and its effects on motor skill performance and retention as important within the field of physical therapy. The study of mental practice as concerned with physical therapy is important as this .modality is not often included in patient treatment programs, despite its potential applications. The content of this paper will consist of. definitions, theoretical explanations, effectiveness of mental practice, and the effects of individual differences on mental practice. The primary research questions were: (1) What is mental practice? (2) How does mental practice work? (3) Does …

Physical Therapists' Views On Patient Selection, Assessments, And Treatment Techniques For Children Following Selective Posterior Rhizotomy, Tamara Peden

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) is a surgical technique that attempts to reduce spasticity by severing sensory nerve roots that fire abnormally. Controversy arises when the procedure is used as an alternative management for spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. The literature cites mixed opinions regarding patient selection, treatment protocols, assessments, and outcomes. A random selection of 500 pediatric physical therapists belonging to the American Physical Therapy Association were surveyed. Responses were received from 237 therapists for a response rate of 47.7%. The results of the survey show that the majority of the therapists worked in nontraditional facilities (defined as school …

The Efficacy Of Functional Assessments In Rehabilitation Medicine, Keith E. Swanson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Functional assessment in rehabilitation medicine is not a new concept. Functional assessment measures have, however, experienced increased usage. Health insurance companies and clinicians are now focusing on functional outcomes in addition to objective tests.

Certain measurement criteria must be satisfied before a measurement tool may be successfully implemented into the clinical setting. Variable standardization, reliability, and validity are necessary for accurate measurement. The term function, however, deals with many variables leading to definitional difficulty.

The purpose of the functional assessment is to describe, screen and assess, and monitor. Although many functional assessments are available for clinical use, most lack scientific …

Mothers' Information Needs And Perceptions Of Preparedness For Self-Care And Infant Care After A Short-Term Hospital Stay, Donna M. Paulsen

Masters Theses

Based on Orem's Theory of Self-Care, this descriptive study compared the information needs and perceived preparation of self and infant care for 22 primiparous and 36 multiparous women. A convenience sample of women experiencing a short-term (24 Hour) hospital stay responded to a structured questionnaire. Preparation was measured using Degenhart-Leskosky's (1989) modification of Howard and Sater's (1985) tool. Content validity was established in the original study. The majority of the women perceived themselves to be well or very well prepared for self-care (87%) and infant care (78%). Multiparas perceived themselves to be significantly better prepared for self-care (U = 256.5, …

Mathematical Calculations Ability Of Registered Nurses, Denise M. Deitzen

Masters Theses

Medication errors occur throughout health care settings. These errors can be caused by a multitude of factors, one of the most important being mathematical calculation. The purpose of this study was to replicate an earlier study by Bindler and Bayne (1991) examining the mathematical calculation ability of registered nurses. Utilizing a model of skill acquisition suggested by Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1980) and applied to nursing by Benner (1986), it was hypothesized that years of experience and frequency of calculation would have a significant interactive effect on the score of a medication calculation test.; A descriptive correlational design was utilized. A …