On The Connection Between Law And Justice,
2011
Northwestern University School of Law
On The Connection Between Law And Justice, Anthony D'Amato
Faculty Working Papers
What does it mean to assert that judges should decide cases according to justice and not according to the law? Is there something incoherent in the question itself? That question will serve as our springboard in examining what is—or should be—the connection between justice and law. Legal and political theorists since the time of Plato have wrestled with the problem of whether justice is part of law or is simply a moral judgment about law. Nearly every writer on the subject has either concluded that justice is only a judgment about law or has offered no reason to support a …
Immigrant Hispanic Women And The Victimization They Encounter In The United States,
2011
California State University, San Bernardino
Immigrant Hispanic Women And The Victimization They Encounter In The United States, Alejandra Aranda Redondo
Theses Digitization Project
This study explored some of the primary reasons why immigrant Hispanic women are victims of abuse, along with various barriers they faced, and the ways in which they coped. The influence of the Hispanic culture is a driving force in the women's inability to move away from their abusers, to seek help, and to obtain the necessary help. Hispanic cultural attitudes and the perceptions of these victimized immigrant women affected their help-seeking behaviors.
Little Brother Is Watching And Recording You: Social Control In A Deviant Group,
2011
Eastern Kentucky University
Little Brother Is Watching And Recording You: Social Control In A Deviant Group, Joshua Wayne Roberts
Online Theses and Dissertations
Since the 1950s social control has mostly been explained from the counteraction of deviance perspective. In this research I examine social control in a broader context, what I call social control as the furtherance of action perspective. In order to accomplish this, I conducted a digital ethnography with a group engaged in deviant behavior. The group has no formal name, but individuals are known by the deviant act they engage in. The act is referred to as "capping", but is best explained as individuals or a group of individuals making screen recordings of live web cam feeds from websites designed …
Evaluation Of Services For Adults With A Dual Diagnosis In The Criminal Justice System,
2011
California State University, San Bernardino
Evaluation Of Services For Adults With A Dual Diagnosis In The Criminal Justice System, Cheryl Anne Stebbings
Theses Digitization Project
San Bernardino Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) is a community-based program created to serve San Bernardino County adults with serious mental illness, who have also had repeated contacts with the criminal justice system as a result of their mental illness. Finding a balance of how mental health providers and the criminal justice system can work together to design effective treatment plans for these clients is essential in helping them accomplish this. This research evaluated the effectiveness of services from the FACT program.
Exploring The Effective Components Of The Young Visionaries Youth Leadership Academy: Violence Intervention And Prevention Program,
2011
California State University, San Bernardino
Exploring The Effective Components Of The Young Visionaries Youth Leadership Academy: Violence Intervention And Prevention Program, Maria Catharina Johanna Lurinks
Theses Digitization Project
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effective components of the Young Visionaries Youth Leadership Academy: Violence Intervention, and Prevention program. It is found that an effective violence intervention program can help reduce the violent crime rates among juveniles in San Bernardino County.
Hate Crimes Based On Gender Identity And Sexual Orientation,
2011
California State University, San Bernardino
Hate Crimes Based On Gender Identity And Sexual Orientation, Katie Nicole Williams
Theses Digitization Project
The purpose of this study was to examine hate crimes based on their gender identity or sexual orientation of the victim through selected variables. The research looked at information collected from a variety of media sources, categorized the information into the existing dataset, and used a chi-square test to prove the significance. The sample analyzed contains 121 cases of individuals that were killed because of their real or perceived gender identity or sexual orientation within a twenty year time frame; Mathew Shepard, a highly publicized hate crime victim, was used as the focal point of this research.
Supermax Confinement: A Descriptive And Theoretical Inquiry,
2011
Eastern Kentucky University
Supermax Confinement: A Descriptive And Theoretical Inquiry, Marisa M. Baumgardner
Online Theses and Dissertations
In the past few decades, there has been a proliferation of supermax prisons and units across the nation, reflecting the increased use of administrative, isolated segregation. This proliferation is embedded within a broader shift in society towards more punitive measures of disciplining those people convicted of criminal offenses. The primary purpose of this thesis is to examine the proliferation of supermax confinement as a major component of the punitive shift. This is done primarily through the application of contemporary literature that focuses on the sociology of punishment theory. Another purpose of this thesis was to examine and describe the history …
The Phenomenon Of Identity Theft,
2011
Eastern Kentucky University
The Phenomenon Of Identity Theft, Hollie Reni Freeman
Online Theses and Dissertations
This research is a descriptive study of the prevalence of Identity Theft in the Commonwealth of Kentucky from 2004 to 2009 and the procedures used by the Kentucky State Police to deal with this crime. The data for this study is a combination of violation code use retrieved from Kentucky's Open Portal Solution (KYOPS) and complaint and case data retrieved from Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD). By gathering data from each of the 16 posts across the state of Kentucky, an evaluation of the prevalence of the crime of Identity Theft yields conclusive results. KYOPS Violation Code data showed a progressive …
The Case For Clear And Convincing Evidence: Do Our Laws Value Property Over Children?,
2011
Roger Williams University
The Case For Clear And Convincing Evidence: Do Our Laws Value Property Over Children?, Tricia P. Martland
Justice Studies Faculty Publications
Our laws reflect our values. What we value, we make laws to protect. In this article, Tricia Martland describes the child custody statute in North Dakota, which is the only state to use “clear and convincing” standard of evidence. This means that children will not be placed with parents with a history of domestic violence unless there is clear and convincing evidence of their rehabilitation. Other states deem the clear and convincing standard too stringent. Yet this standard is often used with regard to property title. Do our laws indicate that we value things over children? Changing policy to apply …
Controlling Gang Crime: The Santa Nita Gang Injunction,
2011
California State University, San Bernardino
Controlling Gang Crime: The Santa Nita Gang Injunction, Bryan William Devor
Theses Digitization Project
The purpose of this study will explore increasing gang membership, gang structure, and strategies utilized by the criminal justice system in attempting to curb gang-related crime and activities. Through a quantitative research study, the researcher examined crime in the cities of Garden Grove, California and Santa Ana, California in an attempt to determine the success of the Santa Nita Gang Injunction in reducing crime within the injunctions "safety zone."
The Adam Walsh Act: Juveniles And Sex Offender Registration And Notification,
2011
Bridgewater State University
The Adam Walsh Act: Juveniles And Sex Offender Registration And Notification, Kallee Spooner
Undergraduate Review
Increased public concerns of juvenile sex offenders fueled the passage of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act in 2006. The media coverage of these adolescents and public perception were influential in the enactment of this policy. Public fear is aroused by isolated incidents of deviance or crime. Media accounts highlight extreme cases, instead of more common incidents of sexual assaults (Harris & Lurigio, 2010). The fear culminates in the forming of groups of experts and concerned citizens that demand reform. Legislators cite media and views of their constituents as their primary sources of information about sex offenses and …
The Effects Of Massachusetts’ Decriminalization Of Marijuana Law On Use Patterns,
2011
Bridgewater State University
The Effects Of Massachusetts’ Decriminalization Of Marijuana Law On Use Patterns, Keriann Speranza
Undergraduate Review
The practice of smoking marijuana was imported to the United States from Mexico in the early 1900s. Fear around the use of marijuana provoked sixteen states to pass laws prohibiting the use of marijuana by 1930 (Becker, 1963). It was not until 1937 that the United States Congress passed the Marihuana Tax Act to stamp out use of the drug after the Bureau of Narcotics presented to the public in a series of propaganda films and news articles the perceived dangers of marijuana use – including violence (Becker, 1963). Since that law, the United States government has attempted to create …
Interoperability And Information Sharing,
2011
Roger Williams University
Interoperability And Information Sharing, Sean P. Varano, Thomas J. Dover
Justice Studies Faculty Publications
Communication and information sharing are two of the most pressing issues facing the public safety community today. In previous chapters of this volume, authors have made note of the changing public safety landscape as it relates to the need for enhanced information and intelligence sharing among a broad cross-section of organizations. Public safety organizations, particularly law enforcement agencies, have been quick to adopt emerging technologies that have allowed for greater communication and information sharing capacities. While substantial improvements have been made over the decades that enhanced communication and information sharing, many challenges remain in the move to seamlessly integrated communication …
Communities As Allies,
2011
Southern Illinois University
Communities As Allies, Joseph Schafer, Sean P. Varano, Nicholas Libby
Justice Studies Faculty Publications
A popular axiom attributed to British policing is the police are the public and the public are the police. Inherent in this term is a blurring of the distinction between the police and the public they serve; the police are cast as being little different from the citizenry and citizens are cast into a role of responsibility for the safety and well-being of the community. In effect, communities are framed as allies in the fight to ensure safe and secure neighborhoods. Across space and time this idea has held uneven sway within American policing ideologies. This essay considers the relationship …
Demographic And Offense-Related Variables In Pennsylvania Court-Ordered Placements For Juveniles,
2011
University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg
Demographic And Offense-Related Variables In Pennsylvania Court-Ordered Placements For Juveniles, Kristen N. Asplin, Diane T. Marsh, Adeline Beighley
Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice
When making placement decisions for juvenile offenders, court officers often consider the types of charges listed against them. We examined the pattern of offenses charged to residents of 7 types of placements in 1 county in Pennsylvania over a period of 2 years. Consistent, predictable patterns were found across placements, with more restrictive placements assigned to juveniles with more severe offenses, although there remained a considerable degree of variation in offenses represented in each placement type. The pattern of placements was different between genders as well, with female offenders being placed in less restrictive care even more often than their …
Self-Determination Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Validation Of A Combined Theory For Understanding Youth In Conflict With The Law,
2011
The University of Texas at Austin
Self-Determination Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Validation Of A Combined Theory For Understanding Youth In Conflict With The Law, Sibley Y. Hawkins, Forrest A. Novy
Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice
In this study, we propose an expanded theory of delinquency that integrates social learning, control, and motivationally based explanations of human behavior. We posit that delinquency occurs partly due to attempts to fulfill 3 developmentally necessary psychological needs; auton-omy, competence, and relatedness. Melding elements of 3 theories (Social Control Theory [Hirschi, 1972], General Crime Theory [Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990], and Self Determination Theory [Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000a, 2008]), provides a better understanding of the precursors to delinquency and possible approaches to mitigating their impact. The study examines: (a) the extent to which the 3 basic psychological needs (competence, …
Editor’S Statement,
2011
Indiana State University
Editor’S Statement, David Polizzi
Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Criminology
No abstract provided.
Justice-Rendering Schemas: A Typology For Forms Of Justice And A Prolegomenon For Transformative Justice,
2011
Northeastern Illinois University
Justice-Rendering Schemas: A Typology For Forms Of Justice And A Prolegomenon For Transformative Justice, Dragan Milovanovic
Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Criminology
No abstract provided.
Filling In The Gaps In Culture-Based Theories Of Organizational Crime,
2011
University of North Texas
Filling In The Gaps In Culture-Based Theories Of Organizational Crime, Adam Trahan
Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Criminology
No abstract provided.
Inmate Mental Health, Solitary Confinement, And Cruel And Unusual Punishment: A Preliminary Response To Commentators,
2011
University of North Carolina
Inmate Mental Health, Solitary Confinement, And Cruel And Unusual Punishment: A Preliminary Response To Commentators, Heather Y. Bersot
Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Criminology
No abstract provided.
