Transmission Routes Of The Microbiome And Resistome From Manure To Soil And Lettuce,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Transmission Routes Of The Microbiome And Resistome From Manure To Soil And Lettuce, Yuepeng Sun, Daniel D. Snow, Harkamal Walia, Xu Li
Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications
The land application of animal manure can introduce manure microbiome and resistome to croplands where food crops are grown. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbiome and resistome on and in the leaves of lettuce grown in manured soil and identify the main transmission routes of microbes and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from soil to the episphere and endosphere of lettuce. Shotgun metagenomic results show that manure application significantly altered the composition of the microbiome and resistome of surface soil. SourceTracker analyses indicate that manure and original soil were the main source of the microbiome and resistome …
Understanding The Effects Of Complex Topography On Cover Crop Dynamics And Maize Production In Kentucky Agroecosystems,
2021
University of Kentucky
Understanding The Effects Of Complex Topography On Cover Crop Dynamics And Maize Production In Kentucky Agroecosystems, Samuel John Leuthold
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
In Central Kentucky, rolling hill cropland presents a number of challenges related to soil sustainability. Increased topographic complexity can lead to increased erosion, inefficient crop nutrient use and increased nutrient loss. Further, grain crop yields can be variable across both space and time in rolling hill fields and are less resilient to changes in weather conditions than flatter, more homogeneous areas. More than 30% of cropland in Kentucky has a slope greater than 3⁰, which means a large swath of the row crop production land in the state is at increased risk of contribution to soil and water resource degradation. …
An Investigation Of Endangered And Threatened Plants Using Phylogenomics, Phylogenetic Metrics, And Geography To Prevent Species Loss,
2021
Northern Illinois University
An Investigation Of Endangered And Threatened Plants Using Phylogenomics, Phylogenetic Metrics, And Geography To Prevent Species Loss, Phyllis H. Pischl
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The conservation of endangered and threatened plant species plays an integral part of preserving biodiversity. Loss of habitat is one of the main reasons that plants become endangered or threatened. In Illinois much of the native habitat has been lost to the conversion of industry, agriculture and urban areas. The goals of this dissertation are to 1) determine where endangered and threatened species are finding habitats in relation to land use, 2) produce a robust phylogeny of endangered and threatened species of grasses and apply phylogenetic diversity analysis to better understand the plight of these species, and 3) use climate …
Ecology Of Freshwater Turtles And Other Wetland Wildlife In A North-Central West Virginia Watershed,
2021
West Virginia University
Ecology Of Freshwater Turtles And Other Wetland Wildlife In A North-Central West Virginia Watershed, Darien N. Lozon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The goal of wetland mitigation in the United States is to achieve a no-net-loss of wetlands; however, mitigated wetlands must be monitored to ensure wetland function is comparable to natural wetlands. In this study, relationships between land use practices and freshwater turtle abundance, wetland connectivity, and heavy metal bioaccumulation were investigated. In Chapter 1, a summary of pre-restoration species abundance and diversity is provided for anurans, birds, benthic macroinvertebrates, fishes, small mammals, plants, and turtles in riparian wetlands along Ruby Run, a tributary of Deckers Creek in north-central West Virginia, USA. These data provide a baseline for comparison after mitigation …
Soil Response Of Helicopter Liming In The Monongahela National Forest,
2021
West Virginia University
Soil Response Of Helicopter Liming In The Monongahela National Forest, Jarrett Douglas Fowler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Soils in the Monongahela National Forest (MNF) are acidic due to sandstone parent material, acid deposition, uptake of base cations by vegetation, and release of organic acids by organic matter (OM) decomposition. Increases in soil acidity have caused declines in forest health and changed species composition and nutrient status. Liming can neutralize soil acidity, but no large-scale liming projects have been done on acid forest soils in the USA. In anticipation of acquiring funding for a proposed liming project in the MNF, in 2007 and 2009 10 sites were selected to sample and analyze soils before lime was applied. In …
Effects Of Different Liquid Smoke Treatments On Osmotic Dehydration Of Apple Cubes,
2021
West Virginia University
Effects Of Different Liquid Smoke Treatments On Osmotic Dehydration Of Apple Cubes, Rohit Singh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Refined Liquid Smoke (RLS) (1%) was incorporated during osmotic dehydration of apple cubes (10 mm each side) to observe its effect on solid gain, water loss, yield, water activity, product quality, and consumer preference. Three different treatments, POD (pure osmotic dehydration, no RLS), LSISS (RLS inside sugar solution) and PTLS (pre-treatment with RLS), were compared in this study. Osmotic dehydration was carried out using 42 °Brix sugar solution, and the fruit to solution ratio was kept at 1:4. The osmotically dehydrated apples were evaluated for soluble solid content (SSC), water loss, and solid gained. After osmotic dehydration, apple cubes were …
Recovery Of Phosphorus From Florida Phosphatic Waste Clay,
2021
West Virginia University
Recovery Of Phosphorus From Florida Phosphatic Waste Clay, Amir Eskanlou
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This MS thesis examines the recovery of phosphorus (P) from Florida waste clay (WC). A comprehensive literature review revealed that: (i)-The most important values being lost to WC are P and rare earth elements (REEs). For the recovery of these values from WC, two crucial attempts are the removal of extremely fine-sized clays, followed by the recovery of phosphate content, which can pave the path for the recovery of REEs; (ii)-Any scientific/ technological solution should, at the same time, be economically and environmentally attractive to the industry. As such, moving from mostly chemical separation processes to the primarily physical/ physicochemical …
Investigation Of A Machine-Plant Interface For Extracting Rooted Invasive Aquatic Plants,
2021
Michigan Technological University
Investigation Of A Machine-Plant Interface For Extracting Rooted Invasive Aquatic Plants, Brad Baas
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
The current solutions for managing rooted aquatic invasive plants are time consuming, have negative environmental impacts, or are cost-limiting for management organizations. The most effective treatment method is hand pulling, but hand pulling is not a feasible solution for a whole lake. A new device, the invasive aquatic plant extractor, aims to replace human divers who hand pull plants with a mechanical system. The device implements a machine-plant interface that resembles the tines of a fork. These tines will be pushed linearly through the substrate, and then raised from the substrate with the plant caught in the tines. The primary …
Fly On The Wall: Comparing Arthropod Communities Between Islands With And Without House Mice (Mus Musculus),
2021
University of Idaho
Fly On The Wall: Comparing Arthropod Communities Between Islands With And Without House Mice (Mus Musculus), Wieteke A. Holthuijzen
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Invertebrates are key to island ecosystems but impacts from invasive mammalian predators are not well documented or understood. Given this knowledge gap, we studied terrestrial arthropod communities in the presence of a common invasive rodent (house mice, Mus musculus) on a subtropical atoll—Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (MANWR). Here, invasive mice recently began to attack and depredate nesting seabirds, prompting a mouse eradication. Although eradication planning efforts are underway, uncertainty remains regarding the ecosystem’s response to mouse removal. As part of a pre-eradication investigation, we conducted a baseline survey of MANWR’s arthropod community structure and diversity, comparing islands with and …
Species Selection And Plantation Management In Enrichment Planting With Native Timber Species In The Panama Canal Watershed,
2021
The University Of Montana
Species Selection And Plantation Management In Enrichment Planting With Native Timber Species In The Panama Canal Watershed, Abigail A. Marshall
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Large areas of the Panama Canal Watershed have been converted to monocultures of teak (Tectonia grandis), a non-native timber species that is generally not providing hoped-for economic and ecological benefits of Forest Landscape Restoration. Enrichment planting offers a potential strategy for revitalizing these underperforming plantations through the addition of high-value, native species to the understory, but more information is needed to guide implementation and management in this region and other tropical areas. I assessed the performance of six promising native species (B. crassifolia, D. retusa, D. oleifera, H. alchorneoides, P. pinnatum, T. amazonia) as an enrichment …
Transboundary Marine Management In The Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape,
2021
University of Montana, Missoula
Transboundary Marine Management In The Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape, Lindsey G. Ellett
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Transboundary conservation aims to facilitate environmental conservation and management at the ecosystem level by operating across political boundaries, through the cooperation of two or more countries. Though there is increased interest and advocation for transboundary conservation initiatives around the world, there remains a limited understanding of how they function on-the-ground. Within this study, I address these gaps in knowledge through two phases of research, both focusing on the Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape as a case study site. Phase I involved a policy analysis of Indonesian, Malaysia, and Philippine policies related to fisheries, coastal zones and protected areas, and environmental quality. Through this …
Policy And Collaborative Governance: Case Studies Of Three Wildlife Crossings,
2021
University of Montana
Policy And Collaborative Governance: Case Studies Of Three Wildlife Crossings, Nicholas Maya
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Over the last several decades, the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions in North America has significantly increased, driving substantial loss of human life and wildlife and economic costs. The most effective wildlife-vehicle collision mitigation is wildlife crossing structures (undercrossings and overcrossings), with some studies suggesting they can reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions by 97% when paired with wildlife exclusion fencing. However, cost, funding, jurisdiction, land ownership, and local support are limiting factors in constructing these crossing structures. This paper presents case studies of three crossing projects in Snoqualmie, Washington, Teton County, Wyoming, and Summit County, Colorado, to illustrate the similarities and differences in …
Comparison Of Low-Cost Commercial Unpiloted Digital Aerial Photogrammetry To Airborne Laser Scanning Across Multiple Forest Types In California,
2021
Humboldt State University
Comparison Of Low-Cost Commercial Unpiloted Digital Aerial Photogrammetry To Airborne Laser Scanning Across Multiple Forest Types In California, James Edward Lamping
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Science-based forest management requires quantitative information about forest attributes traditionally collected via sampled field plots in a forest inventory program. Remote sensing tools, such as active three-dimensional (3D) Light Detection and Ranging (lidar), are increasingly utilized to supplement and even replace field-based forest inventories. However, lidar remains cost prohibitive for smaller areas and repeat measurement, often limiting its use to single acquisitions of large contiguous areas. Recent advancements in unpiloted aerial systems (UAS), digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) and high precision global positioning systems (HPGPS) have the potential to provide low-cost time and place flexible 3D data to support forest inventory …
A Look At Land Cover Classification Methods In Northern California With The Use Of High Spatial Resolution Geospatial Data,
2021
Cal Poly Humboldt
A Look At Land Cover Classification Methods In Northern California With The Use Of High Spatial Resolution Geospatial Data, Lucila Corro
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Land use and land cover (LULC) mapping plays a vital role in understanding the state of the world, showing us a visual representation of the natural and anthropogenic features covering our planet. Northern California in the United States is home to many critical habitats that provide for a variety of endemic and some threatened and engendered species, making it an area of particular concern to better understand and monitor. There is a greater need to identify specific methods for vegetation modeling in Northern California due to its unique species; to do this we examined two case studies with the following …
On The Acceptance Of Urban Beavers In Martinez, California,
2021
Cal Poly Humboldt
On The Acceptance Of Urban Beavers In Martinez, California, Zane A. Eddy
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
As ecosystem engineers, beavers construct complex riparian and wetland habitats that benefit many other species, including endangered salmonids. Through their landscape alterations, beavers also promote increased groundwater recharge and provide refugia during wildfires and high flow events by impounding water and allowing it to spread across the landscape. Prior to the North American colonial fur trapping campaigns, there were between 60 and 400 million beavers in North America. By the beginning of the 20th century, beavers were extirpated from many parts of the continent, however through human efforts, their population has since rebounded to between 10 and 15 million. The …
First Record Of Blacknape Large-Eye Bream Gymnocranius Satoi (Perciformes: Lethrinidae) In The Philippines,
2021
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Philippines
First Record Of Blacknape Large-Eye Bream Gymnocranius Satoi (Perciformes: Lethrinidae) In The Philippines, Nicko Amor Flores, Jade Tifany Rey, Jeffrey T. Williams, Kent Carpenter, Mudjekeewis Santos
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The Philippines has been regarded as the center of the center of marine shorefish biodiversity, having the highest number of fish species per square area in the world. The blacknape large-eye bream, Gymnocranius satoi, has been reported to occur from Southern Japan, Taiwan to Northwestern Australia and to the Coral Sea, but has not previously been recorded from the Philippines. From 2011 – 2019, the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) collaborated with the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution (NMNH/SI), USA, and the Old Dominion University (ODU), Virgina, USA, to inventory all commercial fish …
Distribution Of Green Spaces In Omaha, Nebraska,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Distribution Of Green Spaces In Omaha, Nebraska, Sofia Gavia
Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses
The distribution of parks often depends on the races, ethnicity, and socioeconomic class of a community’s households. Parks and green spaces provides community residents recreational opportunities, economic benefits, and improves community public health. The unequal distribution of parks and green spaces in a city is a social issue found across the country. Limited research has been done on the relationship between green spaces and park access and social justice in Omaha, Nebraska. This study discusses whether there is a difference in how parks are distributed in Omaha, NE in terms of social justice and equitable distribution. Research is done using …
Analysis Of Drinking Water Disinfection Options,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Analysis Of Drinking Water Disinfection Options, Bryce Carlen
Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses
This thesis utilizes existing research to provide a framework that can be used for community and disaster planning. It analyses the critical process of water disinfection for drinking water. It focuses on chemical, distillation, and ultraviolet treatments in both centralized and point-of-use treatment. This thesis aims to provide a method for communities to determine the optimal water treatment, utilizing a framework based on weighted criteria. The decision-making framework is an easy-to-use and flexible process that communities can tailor for their specific needs to find the optimal treatment relative to their needs. In this study’s generalized example, ultraviolet treatment and distillation …
Audit Of Waste Collected Over One Week From Superior Dental Health Of Lincoln,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Audit Of Waste Collected Over One Week From Superior Dental Health Of Lincoln, Bryclin Alstrom
Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses
A waste audit of Superior Dental Health of Lincoln was conducted in order to propagate the implementation of sustainable waste management practices within the company. Differentiating between hazardous waste and solid waste is necessary for environmentally friendly waste management and ceasing the spread of infectious pathogens. The audit identified nine different materials contributing to the biomedical waste stream of the company. Of which, personal protective equipment (PPE) is of major concern due to the financial commitment necessary to acquire / dispose of these products, as well as the strain in supply due to the current COVID-19 pandemic. The results of …
Long-Term Impacts Of 2019 Flood Experiences On Nebraskans’ Climate Change Perceptions,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Long-Term Impacts Of 2019 Flood Experiences On Nebraskans’ Climate Change Perceptions, Caitlin Kingsley
Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses
This study examines climate change perceptions in Nebraskans who experienced or witnessed flooding in March 2019. The purpose is to determine the impacts of 2019 flood experiences on Nebraskans’ climate change perceptions. The objectives are to determine the influence of flood proximity on changes in climate change perceptions, determine whether 2019 flooding had long-term impacts on Nebraskans’ climate change perceptions, and determine the influence of personal background factors on perceptions. A three-phase interview was utilized to collect background information, climate change perceptions, 2019 flood experiences, and relationships between 2019 flood experiences and climate change perceptions. Background information and climate change …
