Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Three-Dimensionalization Mediates The Subjective Experience Of Fractal Interior Spaces, Joori Suh, William Stalker, Steen Pedersen, Assaf Harel

Psychology Faculty Publications

A fractal, a self-similar organic or geometric pattern that repeats at varying scales, is one of the most compelling characteristics found in nature. Previous studies on fractal patterns have demonstrated consistent trends in potential psychological benefits, such as stress reduction. However, we fall short of understanding one of the essential properties of fractals found in nature, i.e., the three-dimensionality of their appearance. In this study, we aimed at understanding the role of the three-dimensionalization of fractal patterns in spatial structures on human subjective perceptual experience. Two hundred seventy three-dimensional spatial prototype models were created for this study, spanning two dimensions: …

Self-Perceived Cognitive Functioning In Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Enhancing Risk Detection In Health Disparity Older Adults, Caroline O. Nester

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR) is a predementia condition that combines two clinical presentations associated with dementia: slow gait speed and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC). MCR diagnosis is associated with increased risk for dementia over its individual components of SCC or slow gait alone, making it a valuable marker of early neurodegenerative changes. MCR does not require expensive, time-consuming assessments to be diagnosed, broadening accessibility in remote or under-resourced settings. At present, there is no consistent method to assess SCC in MCR – a key diagnostic feature of the syndrome. The lack of understanding about SCC in MCR may limit …

The Performance Relationship Between The Eq-5d-5l Composite "Anxiety/Depression" Dimension And Anxiety And Depression Symptoms In A Large, General Population Sample, Emily Stella Scott, Erica I. Lubetkin, Mathieu F. Janssen, John N. Yfantopolous, Gouke J. Bonsel, Juanita A. Haagsma

Publications and Research

Purpose

This cross-sectional study aims to understand the relationship between responses on the Anxiety/Depression (A/D) dimension of the EQ-5D-5L and symptoms of anxiety and depression on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 instruments. In doing so, we investigate the comparative performance of the dimension between diagnostic groups (i.e. anxiety (GAD-7); depression (PHQ-9); anxiety & depression versus none). We additionally investigate the discriminatory performance between sub-populations based on gender, age, education and self-reported chronic conditions.

Methods

19,902 general population participants completed a health survey in May/June 2020, from five European countries and the United States. Performance of A/D was calculated using the Area …

Reclaiming Healing Spaces: A Phenomenological Study On The Transformative Power Of Outdoor Therapy From The Lived Experiences Of Black Clinicians Working With Black Clients, Lynn Murphy

Dissertations

This phenomenological study involved assessing the experiences of Black therapists who engaged Black clients in outdoor therapeutic contexts. The study was founded on the existing literature that shows the quality of the therapeutic relationship is pivotal for client retention and the Western standards that have historically favored treatment within indoor environments. To contextualize this research, a comprehensive literature review was commenced, covering topics such as the decolonization of therapy, the historical and present-day relationship between Blacks and the outdoors in the United States, sedentary lifestyles, the psychological benefits of time spent in nature, various types of outdoor therapy, and the …

Ketamine’S Mechanism Of Action With An Emphasis On Neuroimmune Regulation: Can The Complement System Complement Ketamine’S Antidepressant Effects?, Brandi Quintanilla, Carlos A Zarate, Anilkumar Pillai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Over 300 million people worldwide suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD). Unfortunately, only 30-40% of patients with MDD achieve complete remission after conventional monoamine antidepressant therapy. In recent years, ketamine has revolutionized the treatment of MDD, with its rapid antidepressant effects manifesting within a few hours as opposed to weeks with conventional antidepressants. Many research endeavors have sought to identify ketamine's mechanism of action in mood disorders; while many studies have focused on ketamine's role in glutamatergic modulation, several studies have implicated its role in regulating neuroinflammation. The complement system is an important component of the innate immune response vital …

Avoiding The Pitfalls Of The Dsm-5: A Primer For Health Professionals, Darren Haywood, David J. Castle, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5), is the leading system guiding the diagnosis of mental disorders. Accurate diagnoses of mental disorders are fundamental to guiding treatment and supportive care and have potential impacts on resources available to individuals. However, the DSM has the allure of ‘tick box’ diagnosis rather than biopsychosocial formulation and treatment planning, as well as multiple limitations impacting validity. Further, even with accurate diagnosis, there are strong concerns related to the reliability and validity of DSM diagnoses for clinical practice and research efforts. Understanding these limitations can help reduce errors and sub-optimal clinical decisions, …

Digital Health Research Symposium: Closing Panel Commentary, Judd E. Hollander, Kristin L. Rising, Brian M. Dougan

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Psychiatric Polygenic Risk Scores: Experience, Hope For Utility, And Concerns Among Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists, Amanda R Merner, Page M Trotter, Lauren A Ginn, Jason Bach, Katherine J Freedberg, Takahiro Soda, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Recent advances in psychiatric genetics have enabled the use of polygenic risk scores (PRS) to estimate genetic risk for psychiatric disorders. However, the potential use of PRS in child and adolescent psychiatry has raised concerns. This study provides an in-depth examination of attitudes among child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding the use of PRS in psychiatry. We conducted semi-structured interviews with U.S.-based CAP (n=29) who possess expertise in genetics. The majority of CAP indicated that PRS have limited clinical utility in their current form and are not ready for clinical implementation. Most clinicians stated that nothing would motivate them to …

Current Practices Of Physiotherapists In Implementing Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy In Chronic Pain Management: A Scoping Review, Eunice J. Garces, John Marco L. Recio, Viviana Patricia D. Rios, Janine Patricia Sadiz, Anna Barbara N. Sanchez

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction: This study is a scoping review of the current practices in implementing Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy (PIPT) in chronic pain management. A fundamental shift of physiotherapy practice from the traditional approach of biomedical to a biopsychosocial approach has acquired recognition indicating a more comprehensive approach to addressing the complexity of the physiotherapy profession. Thus, the primary objective of this scoping review is to identify and map current data on physiotherapists’ current practices in implementing PIPT in chronic pain management, and its secondary objective is to map the evidence and describe the effectiveness/efficacy, clinical utility, cost-effectiveness, and barriers of PIPT …

Leveraging The Science Of Early Life Predictability To Inform Policies Promoting Child Health, Laura M. Glynn, Sabrina R. Liu, Candice Taylor Lucas, Elysia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Addressing the tremendous burden of early-life adversity requires constructive dialogues between scientists and policy makers to improve population health. Whereas dialogues focused on several aspects of early-life adversity have been initiated, discussion of an underrecognized form of adversity that has been observed across multiple contexts and cultures is only now emerging. Here we provide evidence for “why unpredictability?”, including: 1. Evidence that exposures to unpredictability affect child neurodevelopment, with influences that persist into adulthood. 2. The existence of a translational non-human animal model of exposure to early life unpredictability that can be capitalized upon to causally probe neurobiological mechanisms. 3. …

Postpartum Depression Screening In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit At A Tertiary Pediatric Hospital, Abbie Bates

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION SCREENING IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT A TERTIARY PEDICTRIC HOSPITAL

By

Abbie Kim Bates

Razel Bacuetes Milo, PH.D. DNP., FNP-C

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a treatable mood disorder with an onset at 1-3 months after childbirth. In the United States, PPD occurs at a rate of 1 in 8 women and as high as 1 in 5 women in parts of the country. In unique populations such as the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), PPD rates can be as high as 40%. The treatment rate for PPD is 50% with a sizable percentage of …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Student-Run Clinic On Reducing Cigarette Smoking In A Homeless Population, Briana Taormina, Bryson Jones, Kiah Gledhill Md, Audrey Darville Phd, Aprn, Cpaha-Tt

ePublications of Emerging Medical Research Scholars

Objective

Cigarette smoking remains a major health crisis in the United States, claiming the lives of hundreds of thousands of tobacco users each year. Access to evidence-based smoking cessation remains a challenge for many people that use tobacco products. Prior research demonstrates that the homeless population is exceedingly vulnerable to cigarette smoking and faces more barriers to quitting than their domiciled counterparts. This study explores the effectiveness of a free Smoking Cessation Clinic (SCC) within a homeless shelter for women and children, run by a nurse practitioner and a clinical nurse specialist trained as Tobacco Treatment Specialists, along with two …

Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Current Hepatitis C Infection Among U.S. General Population And Injection Drug Users Aged 20-59 Years: Nhanes 2009-2018, Harun Mazumder, Md Faruk Hossain, Pratibha Shrestha, Sultan Mahmud, Maidul Husain, Rebeka Ahmed

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The people who inject drugs (PWID) are attributed to high-risk groups for transmission of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of current HCV infection (CHI) among U.S. general population and PWID of ages between 20 and 59 years old. METHODS: This study utilized cross-sectional data from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducting separate analyses for the U.S. general population, including PWID and non-PWID, as well as specific analyses focusing solely on PWID. The analytical methods included the estimation of CHI prevalence, Rao-Scott chi-square test to compare CHI-positive and CHI-negative …

Experiences Of Parent Coaches In An Intervention For Parents Of Young Children Newly Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes, Carrie Tully, Manuela Sinisterra, Wendy Levy, Christine H Wang, John Barber, Hailey Inverso, Marisa E Hilliard, Maureen Monaghan, Randi Streisand

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: This paper explores parent coaching experiences supporting parents of young children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in a clinical trial.

Methods: In a trial for 157 parents, those in the intervention arm (n = 116) were paired with a parent coach (n = 37; Mage = 37.9 years, SD = 3.9; 94.6% mothers, 81.1% White non-Hispanic). Parent coaches provided diabetes-specific social support. Parent coaches completed monthly surveys and satisfaction/feasibility surveys, with a subset (n = 7) undergoing qualitative interviews at the end of this study.

Results: There were 2262 contacts between participants and their parent coaches, averaging …

Current Landscape Of Psychologists In Academic Health Centers: Roles And Structural Models, Michelle B. Moore, Kelly Gilrain, Cheryl Brosig, Jarrod M. Leffler, Shikha Gupta, Philip Fizur

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

With mental health needs consistently increasing in our communities and medical centers, we want to ensure that institutions are aware of the benefit and value that psychologists bring to their system and provide several pathways for consideration and structure to understand how to support the salaries and careers of psychologists working within AHCs. Leadership and administration within Academic Health Centers (AHC) often do not understand the value and measurement of productivity for psychologists being added to the medical teams. The current article aims to present varied structural models and demonstrate how productivity is reviewed for psychologists across different institutions and …

The Role Of Gdf5 In Regulating Enthesopathy Development In The Hyp Mouse Model Of Xlh, Melissa Sorsby, Shaza Almardini, Ahmad Alayyat, Ashleigh Hughes, Shreya Venkat, Mansoor Rahman, Jiana Baker, Rakshya Rana, Vicki Rosen, Eva S Liu

Staff and Researcher Publications

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is caused by mutations in PHEX, leading to rickets and osteomalacia. Adults affected with XLH develop a mineralization of the bone-tendon attachment site (enthesis), called enthesopathy, which causes significant pain and impaired movement. Entheses in mice with XLH (Hyp) have enhanced bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Indian hedgehog (IHH) signaling. Treatment of Hyp mice with the BMP signaling blocker palovarotene attenuated BMP/IHH signaling in Hyp entheses, thus indicating that BMP signaling plays a pathogenic role in enthesopathy development and that IHH signaling is activated by BMP signaling in entheses. It was previously shown that mRNA expression of …

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Effects On Delinquency, Katherine Lank

Master of Arts in Human Services

Youth involved in delinquent acts are seen interacting with the juvenile justice system at an alarming rate. Adverse childhood experiences influence the development of behavior and chances of taking risks. Children who grow up in a household with an unfit parent, substance abuse, or mental health disorders are seen turning to delinquent acts for gratification. This can have a higher chance of poor educational performance, unemployment, increased law enforcement interactions, and long-term mental and physical disabilities. Searching literature consisted of finding external factors and their control on brain development and future adult behaviors. Research was conducted on the school-to-prison pipeline, …

Exploring The Impact Of Maternal Early Life Adversity On Interoceptive Sensibility In Pregnancy: Implications For Prenatal Depression, Paul W. Savoca, Laura M. Glynn, Molly M. Fox, Misty C. Richards, Bridget L. Callaghan

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose

Pregnancy is a sensitive period of development in adult life characterized by massive changes in physical, emotional, and cognitive function. Such changes may be adaptive, e.g., facilitating adjustment to physical demands, but they may also reflect or contribute to risks inherent to this stage of life, e.g., prenatal depression. One cognitive ability that may undergo change during pregnancy and contribute to mental wellness is interoception - the ability to perceive, integrate, and model sensory information originating from the body. Strong interoceptive abilities are associated with lower rates of depression in non-pregnant adult populations, and interoception is generally weaker in …

Discovery And Generalization Of Tissue Structures From Spatial Omics Data, Zhenqin Wu, Ayano Kondo, Monee Mcgrady, Ethan A G Baker, Benjamin Chidester, Eric Wu, Maha K Rahim, Nathan A Bracey, Vivek Charu, Raymond J Cho, Jeffrey B Cheng, Maryam Afkarian, James Zou, Aaron T Mayer, Alexandro E Trevino

Staff and Researcher Publications

Tissues are organized into anatomical and functional units at different scales. New technologies for high-dimensional molecular profiling in situ have enabled the characterization of structure-function relationships in increasing molecular detail. However, it remains a challenge to consistently identify key functional units across experiments, tissues, and disease contexts, a task that demands extensive manual annotation. Here, we present spatial cellular graph partitioning (SCGP), a flexible method for the unsupervised annotation of tissue structures. We further present a reference-query extension pipeline, SCGP-Extension, that generalizes reference tissue structure labels to previously unseen samples, performing data integration and tissue structure discovery. Our experiments demonstrate …

Using Fink’S Taxonomy In Counseling Practicum And Internship Courses, Kailey Bradley, Emily Horton Phd

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Fink’s Learning Taxonomy expanded upon Bloom’s Learning Taxonomy to provide concrete suggestions on development of significant learning experiences. Limited research exists on implementation of Fink’s learning Taxonomy in counselor education curriculum. As such, this conceptual article illuminates how the integration of Fink’s Learning Taxonomy could be used by educators to develop significant learning experiences within counseling internship and practicum courses.