Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Development Of A Durable And Low-Dose Universal Vaccine Against Swine Influenza A Virus, Erika Petro-Turnquist

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S) imposes a significant burden on the pork industry and poses a great threat to public health due to its zoonotic potential. Susceptibility to human, avian, and swine influenza make pigs the ultimate mixing vessels for reassorted influenza A virus strains. Current vaccination strategies induce short-lived and strain-specific responses against IAV-S. Further, the substantial genetic diversity of IAV-S necessitates consistent revaccination and updating of commercial vaccines. Computational platforms have recently emerged as a promising strategy to develop new-age vaccines against infectious diseases in livestock animals. Here, we describe a computationally derived set of vaccine immunogens, called …

Enabling Cross-Modality Translation Between Single-Cell Rna-Seq And Single-Cell Atac-Seq Through Web-Based Portal, Zhen Lyu, Sabin Dahal, Shuai Zeng, Juexin Wang, Dong Xu, Trupti Joshi

Biomedical Sciences

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in profiling multiomic modalities within individual cells simultaneously. One such example is integrating combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) data. Integrated analysis of diverse modalities has helped researchers make more accurate predictions and gain a more comprehensive understanding than with single-modality analysis. However, generating such multimodal data is technically challenging and expensive, leading to limited availability of single-cell co-assay data. Here, we propose a model for cross-modal prediction between the transcriptome and chromatin profiles in single cells. Our model is based on a deep neural …

Distinct Genetic Liability Profiles Define Clinically Relevant Patient Strata Across Common Diseases, Lucia Trastulla, Georgii Dolgalev, Sylvain Moser, Laura T. Jiménez-Barrón, Till F. M. Andlauer, Moritz Von Scheidt, Schizophrenia Working Group Of The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium:, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Stephan Ripke, Andrew Mcquillin, Eli A. Stahl, Enrico Domenici, Rolf Adolfsson, Ingrid Agartz, Esben Agerbo, Margot Albus, Madeline Alexander, Farooq Amin, Silviu A. Bacanu, Martin Begemann, Richard A. Belliveau Jr., Judit Bene, Sarah E. Bergen, Elizabeth Bevilacqua, Tim B. Bigdeli, Donald W. Black, Douglas H. R. Blackwood, Anders D. Borglum, Nancy G. Buccola, Et Al

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Stratified medicine holds great promise to tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients. While genetics holds great potential to aid patient stratification, it remains a major challenge to operationalize complex genetic risk factor profiles to deconstruct clinical heterogeneity. Contemporary approaches to this problem rely on polygenic risk scores (PRS), which provide only limited clinical utility and lack a clear biological foundation. To overcome these limitations, we develop the CASTom-iGEx approach to stratify individuals based on the aggregated impact of their genetic risk factor profiles on tissue specific gene expression levels. The paradigmatic application of this approach to coronary artery …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signs Of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, Dagmar Beier, Johanne Juhl Korsbæk, Gabriel Bsteh, Stefan Macher, Wolfgang Marik, Berthold Pemp, Hsiangkuo Yuan, Areeba Nisar, Lisbeth Høgedal, Laleh Dehghani Molander, Snorre Malm Hagen, Christoph Patrick Beier, Simon Bang Kristensen, Rigmor Højland Jensen

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria currently used to diagnose idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) are based on expert opinion and have limited accuracy. Additional neuroimaging signs have been proposed and used with contradictory results; thus, prospective evidence is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy.

OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence-based, accurate MRI signs for IIH diagnosis.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2021 with 3 validation cohorts at 2 Danish headache centers and with 3 independent international cohorts. Consecutive patients with suspected IIH were enrolled. Eligibility required the clinical suspicion of IIH, age …

Review Of Mpges-1 Inhibitors Based On The Benzoxazole And Its Isostere Scaffold For The Treatment Of Inflammatory Diseases, Abdullah M. Alwagdani

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

The vital role of the prostanoid pathway in inflammation, pain, cancer, Alzheimer’s and many other diseases has attracted the drug discovery community to discover targets for therapeutic development. Although existing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibiting cyclooxygenases (COX) are widely used, the side effects of these NSAIDs limit the ling time medication. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an attractive target that is overexpressed during inflammations, and it could be a safe alternative to NSAIDs for treating inflammatory diseases.Since the discovery of mPGES-1 in 1997, many inhibitors have been developed since 2001. Only a few compounds were able to make it …

Mhealth-Based Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention To Improve The Physical Activity Levels Of Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Rachel Carey, Ha Le, Donna Coffman, Inbal Nahum-Shani, Mohanraj Thirumalai, Cole Hagen, Laura Baehr, M. Schmidt-Read, Marlyn Lamboy, Stephanie A Kolakowsky-Hayner, Ralph Marino, Stephen Intille, Shivayogi Hiremath

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

BACKGROUND: The lack of regular physical activity (PA) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States is an ongoing health crisis. Regular PA and exercise-based interventions have been linked with improved outcomes and healthier lifestyles among those with SCI. Providing people with an accurate estimate of their everyday PA level can promote PA. Furthermore, PA tracking can be combined with mobile health technology such as smartphones and smartwatches to provide a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) for individuals with SCI as they go about everyday life. A JITAI can prompt an individual to set a PA goal or …

The Effects Of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation On Pain And Function In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Critically Appraised Topic, P. Drake Short, Rileigh T. Ricken, Jennifer L. Volberding

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that impacts upwards of 40% of patients over the age of 70, and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) is a common treatment protocol. To date, there is no consensus on the effectiveness of TENS as a modality for knee OA. Thus, this critically appraised topic (CAT) aims to determine the impact of TENS on the pain and functional outcome of patients with knee OA. Methods: To assess the therapeutic efficacy of TENS, a systematic search of the available literature was conducted, focusing on pain and function in knee osteoarthritis. Online databases were searched …

Randomized Controlled Trial Of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols In Live Kidney Donors: Eraskt Study, Jacob Saks, Uzung Yoon, Natalie Neiswinter, Eric Schwenk, Stephen Goldberg, Linh Nguyen, Marc Torjman, Elia Elia, Ashesh Shah

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways represent a comprehensive approach to optimizing perioperative management and reducing hospital stay and cost. In living donor kidney transplantation, key impediments to postoperative discharge include pain, and opioid associated complications such as nausea, vomiting, and the return of gastrointestinal function.

METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, living kidney transplantation donors were assigned to either the ERAS or control group. The ERAS group patients received 15 preoperative, 17 intraoperative, 19 postoperative element intervention. The control group received standard care. The ERAS group received a multimodal opioid sparing pain management including an intraoperative transverse abdominis …

Real-Life Experience On The Effect Of Sglt2 Inhibitors Vs. Finerenone Vs. Combination On Albuminuria In Chronic Kidney Disease, Mohamad Hanouneh, Dustin Le, Bernard G. Jaar, Christina Tamargo, C. Elena Cervantes

Division of Nephrology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: There have been several recent advances in the care of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including the use of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). There are very few data reporting the outcomes of these treatments in real-world experience. The aim of this retrospective study is to report the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, finerenone, and their combination in CKD patients in our community-based setting.

METHODS: Ninety-eight patients with CKD with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 25 and 90 mL/min per 1.73 m² and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ …

A Comparison Of Icare And Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Measurements During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study, Shreya Swaminathan, Amber M. Kisielewski, M. Hossein Nowroozzadeh, Shahin Hallaj, Daniel Lee, Natasha N. Kolomeyer, Jonathan S. Myers, Reza Razeghinejad

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate factors associated with differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) readings between iCare and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in established glaucoma patients.

METHODS: This retrospective comparative study included clinical data of 350 eyes from 350 established glaucoma patients who had iCare and GAT IOP measured by an ophthalmic technician and a glaucoma specialist, respectively. The main outcome measure was the difference in IOP measurements of the right eyes with iCare and GAT.

RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between GAT and iCare was 0.90. The mean IOP difference between tonometers was - 0.18 ± 2.89 mmHg. Bland-Altman plots indicated …

Bd Vaginal Panel Assay Results On The High-Throughput Bd Cor System Compared To The Bd Max System, Elizabeth Stonebraker, Wallace Greene, Stephanie N. Taylor, Catherine L. Cammarata, April Bobenchik, Elizabeth Lockamy

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Molecular-based assays demonstrate excellent sensitivity for the detection of vaginitis causes. Here, the high-throughput BD Vaginal Panel for BD COR System (VP-COR) performance was compared to that of the predicate, BD MAX Vaginal Panel for BD MAX System (VP-MAX). Clinical or contrived samples were used to determine the agreement between VP-COR and VP-MAX. Acceptance criteria for VP-COR agreement were as follows: bacterial vaginosis (BV) required a positive percent agreement (PPA) point estimate of ≥ 95% and a negative percent agreement (NPA) point estimate of ≥ 98%; Candida group, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) required a PPA and …

Metformin In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Investigating Cardiovascular Impact And Nephroprotective Effects In Lupus Nephritis, Yurilu A. Gonzalez Moret, Kevin Bryan Lo, Irene J. Tan

Einstein Health Papers

OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by widespread organ inflammation. Metformin, commonly used for diabetes mellitus type 2, has been explored for its anti-inflammatory potential in SLE. This study investigates the association of metformin use on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with SLE.

METHODS: This is a retrospective study. We used the multicenter research network (TriNetX) database from 88 health care organizations globally. Patients with SLE aged 18 and above, admitted between January 1, 2014, and April 21, 2024, were included. Propensity score matching compared patients with SLE on metformin with those not on metformin, considering demographics, laboratory …

Altered Extracellular Matrix Correlates With An Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment And Disease Progression In Younger Adults With Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Leonard Estephan, Gaurav Kumar, Matthew Stewart, Raphael Banoub, Alban Linnenbach, Larry Harshyne, Ubaldo Martinez-Outshoorn, My Mahoney, Joseph Curry, Jennifer Johnson, Andrew South, Adam Luginbuhl

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurs most frequently in patients >60 years old with a history of tobacco and alcohol use. Epidemiological studies describe increased incidence of OSCC in younger adults (years). Despite its poor prognosis, knowledge of OSCC tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics in younger adults is scarce and could help inform possible resistance to emerging treatment options.

METHODS: Patients with OSCC were evaluated using TCGA-HNSC (n=121) and a stage and subsite-matched institutional cohort (n=8) to identify differential gene expression focusing on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in younger (≤45 years) vs. older adults …

Clinical Trial Recruitment Of People Who Speak Languages Other Than English: A Children's Oncology Group Report, Melissa P. Beauchemin, Maria Ortega, Sheila J. Santacroce, Joanna M. Robles, Jenny Ruiz, Anurekha G. Hall, Justine M. Kahn, Cecilia Fu, Manuela Orjuela-Grimm, Grace C. Hillyer, Samrawit Solomon, Wendy Pelletier, Raul Montiel-Esparza, Lindsay J. Blazin, Cassie Kline, Alix E. Seif, Paula Aristizabal, Lena E. Winestone, Maria C. Velez

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Persons who speak languages other than English are underrepresented in clinical trials, likely in part because of inadequate multilevel resources. We conducted a survey of institutions affiliated with the Children's Oncology Group (COG) to characterize current research recruitment practices and resources regarding translation and interpretation services. METHODS: In October 2022, a 20-item survey was distributed electronically to institutions affiliated with COG to assess consent practices and resources for recruiting participants who speak languages other than English to COG trials. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses; responses were compared by institution size and type as well as respondent role. …

Amiodarone-Induced Lung Toxicity: An Underrecognized And Fatal Presentation, Andrew Takla, Fahad Eid, Hina Ukrani, Moghniuddin Mohamed, Elizabeth Lee

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Amiodarone, a widely utilized antiarrhythmic drug, poses a significant risk of amiodarone-induced lung toxicity (ALT) in up to 10% of patients and can be fatal. This report presents the diagnostic challenges associated with ALT, given its non-specific clinical and radiological presentation. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for potential ALT, especially in patients with progressive respiratory failure despite optimization of other potential causes such as CHF. The mainstay of treatment is discontinuing amiodarone and initiating steroids. However, outcomes can remain unpredictable, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness and regular monitoring of patients on amiodarone therapy.

Mechanistic Study Of Antimicrobial Effectiveness Of Cyclic Amphipathic Peptide [R4W4] Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Clinical Isolates, Ajayi David Akinwale, Keykavous Parang, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Jason Yamaki

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as a potential strategy to combat antibiotic resistance due to their ability to reduce susceptibility to antibiotics. This study explored whether the [R₄W₄] peptide mode of action is bacteriostatic or bactericidal using modified two-fold serial dilution and evaluating the synergism between gentamicin and [R₄W₄] against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by a checkered board assay. [R₄W₄] exhibited bactericidal activity against bacterial isolates (MBC/MIC ≤ 4), with a synergistic effect with gentamicin against E. coli (FICI = 0.3) but …

Neuroimaging Evaluation Of The Long Term Impact Of A Novel Paired Meditation Practice On Brain Function, Andrew B. Newberg, Nancy Wintering, Chloe Hriso, Faezeh Vedaei, Sara Gottfried, Reneita Ross

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: A growing number of advanced neuroimaging studies have compared brain structure and function in long term meditators to non-meditators. The goal is to determine if there may be long term effects on the brain from practicing meditation. In this paper, we present new data on the long term effects of a novel meditation practice in which the focus is on clitoral stimulation. The findings from such a study have implications for potential therapeutic uses with regard to various neurological or psychiatric conditions.

METHODS: We evaluated the cerebral glucose metabolism in 40 subjects with an extended history (>1 year …

The Impact Of Mechanical Thrombectomy On The Blood-Brain Barrier In Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Non-Contrast Mr Imaging Study Using Dp-Pcasl And Noddi, Nikolaos Mouchtouris, Isaiah Ailes, Ki Chang, Adam Flanders, Feroze Mohamed, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Michael Gooch, Pascal Jabbour, Robert Rosenwasswer, Mahdi Alizadeh

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Background and purpose: While mechanical thrombectomy (MT) achieves restoration of cerebral blood flow to the area at risk in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the influx of blood flow may exacerbate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and extravasation across the BBB, and it therefore remains unclear how reperfusion impacts the blood-brain barrier integrity. In this study, we use diffusion-prepared pseudocontinuous ASL (DP-pCASL) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) sequence to measure the water exchange rate (k_w) in patients who underwent either MT or medical management and determine its impact on the brain tissue microstructure in …

Editorial: Management Of Pji/Ssi After Joint Arthroplasty, Li Cao, Javad Parvizi, Xiaogang Zhang, Xianzhe Liu, Wierd Zijlstra, Saad Tarabichi

Rothman Institute Papers

The management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and surgical site infection (SSI) after joint arthroplasty poses a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. This Editorial provides an overview of the studies published in the special issue "Management of PJI/SSI after Joint Arthroplasty", summarizing the key findings from these studies, which cover a wide range of topics, including stringent preventive strategies, comprehensive diagnostic methods, and personalized treatment modalities. The authors concluded the editorial with their perspectives regarding the status quo of research in this field and future directions for research, such as the development of novel antibiotics, biofilm research, patient-specific risk factors, …

An Exploratory Analysis Of Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Physical Functional Impairment In Icu Survivors, Megan A. Watson, Marie Sandi, Johanna Bixby, Grace Perry, Patrick J. Offner, Ellen L. Burnham, Sarah E. Jolley

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Physical functional impairment is one of three components of postintensive care syndrome (PICS) that affects up to 60% of ICU survivors. OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence of objective physical functional impairment among a diverse cohort of ICU survivors, both at discharge and longitudinally, and to highlight sociodemographic factors that might be associated with the presence of objective physical functional impairment. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a secondary analysis of 37 patients admitted to the ICU in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Denver, Colorado between 2016 and 2019 who survived with longitudinal follow-up data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Our primary …