Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Implementation Of An Innovative Early Warning System: Evidenced-Based Strategies For Ensuring System-Wide Nursing Adoption, Shirley S. Paulson

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Early deterioration in adult medical-surgical patients is associated with increased intensive care unit and hospital mortality (Goldhill, 2001). Failure to recognize deterioration is a preventable patient safety and quality issue. To address this problem, since 2013, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KP NCAL) has piloted Advance Alert Monitor (AAM) at two hospitals. This early warning system employs a set of predictive models developed by the KP NCAL Division of Research, which automatically predicts patient deterioration within the next 12 hours based on a complex algorithm of laboratory and clinical data points. Improvements in mortality and length of stay have been realized …

Temporal Resolution Of Cell Death Signaling Events Induced By Cold Atmospheric Plasma And Electroporation In Human Cancer Cells, Danielle M. Krug, Prasoon K. Diwakar, Ahmed Hassanein

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Cancer treatment resistance and their invasive and expensive nature is propelling research towards developing alternate approaches to eradicate cancer in patients. Non-thermal, i.e., cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and electroporation (EP) applied to the surface of cancerous tissue are new methods that are minimally invasive, safe, and selective. These approaches, both independently and synergistically, have been shown to deplete cancer cell populations, but the signaling mechanisms of death and their timelines of action are still widely unknown. To better understand the timeframe of signaling events occurring upon treatment, human cancer cell lines were treated with CAP, EP, and combined CAP with …

Data On The Effect Of Sex On The Size, Cellular Content, And Neuronal Density Of The Developing Brain In Mice Exposed To Isoflurane And Carbon Monoxid, L Wang, A Wang, W W. Supplee, K Koffler, Y Cheng, Z M.N. Quezado, R J. Levy

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

The data presented here detail the changes in size, cellular content, and neuronal density of the developing brain over time with respect to sex in C57Bl/6 mice following neonatal exposure to isoflurane, carbon monoxide, or their combination. Specifically, brain weight- and brain volume-to-body weight ratios are presented, representative immunoblots of whole brain cell-specific protein content are depicted, and quantification of the number of neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex and CA3 region of the hippocampus are shown. Three discrete postnatal time points are represented: P7 (prior to exposure), P14 (one-week post exposure), and P42-56 (5–7 weeks post exposure). Major findings …

Lessons To Be Learned: How A Comprehensive Neurobiological Framework Of Atypical Reading Development Can Inform Educational Practice, Ola Ozernov-Palchik, Xi Yu, Yingying Wang, Nadine Gaab

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Dyslexia is a heritable reading disorder with an estimated prevalence of 5–17%. A multiple deficit model has been proposed that illustrates dyslexia as an outcome of multiple risks and protective factors interacting at the genetic, neural, cognitive, and environmental levels. Here we review the evidence on each of these levels and discuss possible underlying mechanisms and their reciprocal interactions along a developmental timeline. Current and potential implications of neuroscientific findings for contemporary challenges in the field of dyslexia, as well as for reading development and education in general, are then discussed.

Frequency Sensitive Mechanism In Low-Intensity Ultrasound Enhanced Bioeffects, April D. Miller, Abdoulkadri Chama, Tobias M. Louw, Anuradha Subramanian, Hendrik J. Viljoen

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study presents two novel theoretical models to elucidate frequency sensitive nuclear mechanisms in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects. In contrast to the typical 1.5 MHz pulsed ultrasound regime, our group previously experimentally confirmed that ultrasound stimulation of anchored chondrocytes at resonant frequency maximized gene expression of load inducible genes which are regulatory markers for cellular response to external stimuli. However, ERK phosphorylation displayed no frequency dependency, suggesting that the biochemical mechanisms involved in enhanced gene expression is downstream of ERK phosphorylation. To elucidate such underlying mechanisms, this study presents a theoretical model of an anchored cell, representing an in vitro …

Biomechanical Testing Of An Exercise For Strengthening The Proximal Femur., Alyssa Osbourne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Based on the principles of cutting edge bone remodeling research, a unique therapeutic exercise device was designed specifically to improve bone quality at the most critical location of the proximal femur prone to fracture: the superior-lateral femoral neck where the fracture first initiates during a fall. The exercise/device is intended to work by inducing enough strain in the bone to stimulate the body’s natural bone remodeling mechanisms to increase bone density in the proximal femur and consequently prevent a fracture from arising if a fall to the side does occur.

In order to test the proposed exercise, experiments simulating the …

Predicting Potential Alzheimer Medical Condition In Elderly Using Iot Sensors - Case Study, Zhi Hao Kevin Chong, Yu Xuan Tee, Ling Jing Toh, Shi Jia Phang, Jie Ying Liew, Bertran Queck, Swapna Gottipati

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Ageing population would cause profound problems and the impact is already being felt today in many developed countries such as Singapore. The main concern for the Government is to help the citizens with active ageing through home ownership and good healthcare. With Internet of Things (IoT) gaining traction globally, Singapore is set to take advantage of this technology and leverage it to extend its capabilities towards a graceful Ageing-In-Place for the elderly. This ties in nicely with the expertise of SHINE Seniors project by SMU-iCity Lab, which integrates IT with healthcare in ways that creates innovative IT health solutions that …

Quantitative Dwi As An Early Imaging Biomarker Of The Response To Chemoradiation In Esophageal Cancer, Benjamin C. Musall

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

For patients diagnosed with stages IIa-IIb esophageal cancer, the current standard of care treatment is tri-modality therapy (TMT), where neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) is followed by surgical resection. Histopathology of resected tumors reveals that pathological complete response (pCR) is achieved in 20-30% of patients through nCRT alone. Because of the high mortality and morbidity associated with esophagectomy, it may be advantageous for patients exhibiting pCR from nCRT alone to be placed under observation rather than completing their TMT. Therefore, a method for predicting response at an early time-point during nCRT is highly desirable. Conventional methods such as endoscopic ultrasound, re-biopsy, and …

Improvements In Four-Dimensional And Dual Energy Computed To Mography, Rachael M. Martin

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Dual energy and 4D computed tomography (CT) seek to address some of the limitations in traditional CT imaging. Dual energy CT, among other purposes, allows for the quantification and improved visualization of contrast materials, and 4D CT is often used in radiation therapy applications as it allows for the visualization and quantification of object motion. While much research has been done with these technologies, areas remain for potential improvement, both in preclinical and clinical settings, which will be explored in this dissertation. Preclinical dual energy cone-beam CT (CBCT) can benefit from wider separation between the peak energy of the two …

Antimicrobial Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Silica Composite Pastes With Tunable Setting Properties, Vuk Uskoković, Shreya Ghosh, Victoria M. Wu

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Bone grafting is one of the commonest surgical procedures, yet all bone substitutes developed so far suffer from specific weaknesses and the search for a bone graft material with ideal physical and biological properties is still ongoing. Calcium phosphate pastes are the most frequently used synthetic bone grafts, yet they (a) often take an impractically long time to set, (b) release the drug content too fast, and (c) do not form pores large enough to accommodate host cells and foster osseointegration. To make up for these deficiencies, we introduced gelatin and silica to pastes composed of 5–15 nm sized hydroxyapatite …

Convolutional Neural Networks In Medical Imaging, Mitchell Finzel

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Over the past 5 years there has been an increase in the use of convolutional neural networks in a broad variety of medical imaging applications. This is due in part to the increase in their popularity since their success in the 2012 ImageNet competition, but is also due to their adaptability across a range of medical imaging applications. These applications vary greatly; from the segmentation of knee cartilage to the detection of Alzheimer's disease in MRIs and much more. In this paper we will go over some of the cutting edge techniques being used specifically for the tasks of brain …

Alzheimer’S Disease: Dawn Of A New Era?, Farideh Amirrad, Emira Bousoik, Kiumars Shamloo, Hassan Al-Shiyab, Viet-Hong Nguyen, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive decline in cognition and memory, leading to significant impairment in daily activities and ultimately death. It is the most common cause of dementia, the prevalence of which increases with age; however, age is not the only predisposing factor. The pathology of this cognitive impairing disease is still not completely understood, which has limited the development of valid therapeutic options. Recent years have witnessed a wide range of novel approaches to combat this disease, so that they greatly increased our understanding of the disease and of the unique drug …

Alternative Interventions For Children Coping With Chronic Conditions: A Critical Review Of The Literature, Nina M. Pelsi, Kim S. Amer

DePaul Discoveries

Reduction of stressors and anxiety levels in adolescents with chronic illnesses is a critical concept in pediatric health care in America today. The many stressors associated with chronic illness include displaying physical and mental differences, social stigma, financial difficulty, and family stress. These stressors may affect the adolescent’s ability to learn and cope in everyday life. The current research was a critical review of the literature examining studies done with adolescents coping with chronic diseases and illnesses. The aim was to analyze the most efficacious non-pharmacological methods for reducing stressors in adolescents with chronic illness. A critical review of the …

Oncology Section Edge Task Force On Urogenital Cancer Outcomes: Clinical Measures Of Lymphedema—A Systematic Review, Joy C. Cohn, Hannah Geyer, Jeannette Lee, Mary Insana Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Valid and reliable tools to assess lymphedema are necessary to accurately evaluate status and to objectively document and measure the results of interventions. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each measure can inform the clinician's choice of the appropriate tool to be used in the clinic or research setting.

Purpose: To identify reliable and valid measurement techniques that are sensitive to change for assessing edema volume or soft tissue change in the lower extremities or genital region of patients with lymphedema.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to assess the published psychometric properties and clinical feasibility …

Ua10/1 Cec Newsletter, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

Newsletter created by and about the Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex.

• Moore, Mary. Director's Corner
• Autism After 21 Day
• LifeSkills Run for Autism Is a Success!
• Thank You, President & Mrs. Ransdell
• Family Resource Program Fun Day Is a Success!
• Family Resource Program Holds Coffee Hour May 12 & July 28
• KAP College Circle of Support Has a Great Semester!
• Congratulations KAP Graduates
• Planting the Seeds for Tomorrow - Community Garden
• Creating without Rules
• Serving Up Autism Awareness
• CEC Receives WHAS Crusade for Children Grant
• Upcoming Events

Neuroanatomical Tracing Of The Gut -- Brain Axis, Ricardo P. Torres, Elizabeth A. Davis, Coltan G. Parker, Megan J. Dailey

PRECS student projects

This poster summarizes a variety of methods to further characterize the gut-brain axis by tracing motor and sensory nerves between the gut and brain and identifying cell bodies in the sensory ganglia. Determines the meth method to trace the sensory and motor nerves was through fluorescence and the best method to identify sensory neuron cell bodies was the Nissi stain.

Re-Tubularization Of Highly-Ischemic Anti-Mesenteric Border (Rehab): A Novel Bowel Preservation Technique In Complex Gastroschisis., Richard J. Hendrickson, Ashwini S. Poola, Katherine W. Gonzalez, Joel Lim, Tolulope A. Oyetunji

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Complex gastroschisis with bowel necrosis poses an operative challenge. Surgeons must weigh the decision between resection versus preservation of ischemic bowel. As one of the leading causes of short bowel syndrome, aggressive resection in complicated gastroschisis subjects children to prolonged dependence on parenteral nutrition and its attendant complications. Herein, we describe a novel technique aimed towards bowel preservation in complex gastroschisis patients with severe bowel ischemia with the ultimate goal for enteral autonomy.

Macrolides Selectively Inhibit Mutant Kcnj5 Potassium Channels That Cause Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma, Ute Scholl, Laura Abriola, Chengbiao Zhang, Esther Reimer, Mark Plummer, Wenhui Wang, Richard Lifton

NYMC Faculty Publications

Aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) are benign tumors of the adrenal gland that constitutively produce the salt-retaining steroid hormone aldosterone and cause millions of cases of severe hypertension worldwide. Either of 2 somatic mutations in the potassium channel KCNJ5 (G151R and L168R, hereafter referred to as KCNJ5MUT) in adrenocortical cells account for half of APAs worldwide. These mutations alter channel selectivity to allow abnormal Na+ conductance, resulting in membrane depolarization, calcium influx, aldosterone production, and cell proliferation. Because APA diagnosis requires a difficult invasive procedure, patients often remain undiagnosed and inadequately treated. Inhibitors of KCNJ5MUT could allow noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of …

Numerically Solving A System Of Pdes Modeling Chronic Wounds Treated With Oxygen Therapy, Stefan Stryker

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers are the leading cause of non-traumatic amputations in developed countries. For researchers to better understand the physiology of these wounds, a mathematical model describing oxygen levels at the wound site can be used to help predict healing responses. The model utilizes equations that are modified from work by Guffey (2015) that consists of four variables – oxygen, bacteria, neutrophils, and chemoattractant within a system of partial differential equations. Our research focuses on numerically solving these partial differential equations using a finite volume approach. This numerical solver will be important for future research in …

Efficient Synthesis Of Cn2097 Using In Situ Activation Of Sulfhydryl Group, Shaban Darwish, Keykavous Parang, John Marshall, Dennis J. Goebel, Rakesh Tiwari

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

CN2097 (R₇Cs-sCYK[KTE(β-Ala)]V) is a rationally designed peptidomimetic that shows effectiveness in preclinical models for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as Angelman syndrome, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke. Because of its potential therapeutic activity for the treatment of human CNS disorders, there was an urgent need to develop an efficient strategy for large-scale synthesis of CN2097. The synthesis of CN2097 was accomplished using Fmoc/tBu solid phase chemistry in multiple steps. Two different peptide fragments (activated polyarginine peptide Npys-sCR₇ and CYK[KTE(β-Ala)]V) were synthesized, followed by solution phase coupling in water. Activation of the polyarginine (CR₇) …