Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Auriculotemporal Nerve Block For Tmj: A Systematic Review, Hasan Zia, Usmaan Al-Shehab, Ahmed Gawash, Anthony Dipalma, Dale Johnson, Musa Dolley, David F. Lo, Ryan St. John, Zain Hassam, Don D. Shamilov

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate auriculotemporal nerve blocks for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder management. 583 articles reviewed from five databases, selected four studies for pooled analysis on visual analog scale (VAS) and maximum mouth opening (MMO) outcomes. Pooled analysis showed significant improvement in VAS (-2.27, p < 0.001) and MMO (0.94, p = 0.03) post-auriculotemporal nerve blocks for TMJ disorder. Auriculotemporal nerve blocks demonstrate potential effectiveness in TMJ disorder treatment, warranting further research on long-term effects and side effects.

Dense Colon Scarring After Infliximab For Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis, Rahul Patel, Sriya Vutukuru, Neethi Dasu, Charles Snyder

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Introduction: Infliximab is a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor alpha used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It has been shown to be efficacious in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis and/or those who have failed intravenous steroids. We present a unique finding of profoundly dense colonic scarring after a year of infliximab therapy in a patient with acute severe ulcerative colitis.

Case: A female in her early 60s presented to the hospital with a three month history of rectal bleeding and intermittent fevers. A colonoscopy was done which demonstrated severe Mayo 3 left-sided colitis, consistent with a …

How Does The Integration Of Wearable Sensor Technology Into Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Impact Functional Outcomes In Stroke Patients?, Kylon T. Coombs, Shikhar Manchanda, Cheryce Daniel

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A literature review was done to assess effectiveness of wearable sensors in stroke rehabilitation. There is a scarcity of clinical trials evaluating their effectiveness from a clinical standpoint. Wearable sensors present an opportunity to collect patient data objectively outside of clinical settings, allowing a more comprehensive analysis of patient rehabilitation in the future.

A search of PUBMED and Scopus was conducted. Keywords “Stroke Rehabilitation”, “Wearable Sensor”, and “Upper Limb” were used to find articles. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, and not limited to research within the U.S. Two independent reviewers completed the screening of articles, selecting articles that fit the criteria …

Management Strategies For Traumatic Injuries In Pregnant Women: A Comprehensive Literature Review, Jaylyn D. Thompson, Jenna Zappetti, Clarence Julian Clark Ii

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Introduction: Traumatic injuries in pregnant women are the leading cause of non-obstetric death and affect 6% to 8% of all pregnancies. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain updated guidelines to construct a framework for the optimal management strategies for traumatic injuries in pregnant women, considering the perspectives of obstetrics/gynecology, emergency medicine, and orthopedics.

Methods: To conduct this study, research was done via a database search through the Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine’s research library. PubMed was the sole database used to review 8 peer-reviewed sources. Articles that were published within the last 10 years were chosen.

Results: Every woman with …

Is There An Association Between Living In A Rural Area And The Incidence Of Postoperative Complications Or Hospital Readmissions Following Left Ventricular Assist Device (Lvad) Implantation, Compared To Urban Lvad Recipients?, Samrat Gollapudi, Abhiram Gollapudi, Srinidhi Banala, Sheraj Singh, Bhaumik Patel

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Background: Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are utilized as a therapeutic option for patients with end-stage heart failure. While LVAD implantation can significantly improve survival rates and quality of life, the procedure is not without risks, and postoperative complications are common. This review aims to investigate whether there is an association between living in a rural area and the incidence of postoperative complications or hospital readmissions following LVAD implantation, compared to urban LVAD recipients.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, examining studies that compared postoperative outcomes between rural and urban LVAD recipients. Data were extracted on adverse …

Preventing Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Through Preoperative Exercise, John Andre Socci

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Introduction: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common problem in the elderly population after undergoing anesthesia that results in sometimes irreversible cognitive and physical impairment that can increase mortality and decrease quality of life.

Methods: To see the relationship between preoperative fitness capacity and how this relates to postoperative cognitive ability a literature review was performed. Studies that were included involved populations older than sixty years old that had undergone anesthesia. Additionally, animal studies were included to show inflammatory marker levels and how they increased in relation to physical activity.

Results: Various fitness scales were used such as the Timed …

How Psychological And Nonpharmacological Treatment Modalities Reduce The Disease Burden Of Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes In Pediatrics, Aalia Narvel, Sabrina Gmuca

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The prevalence of pediatric chronic musculoskeletal pain ranges from 8.5% to 40%.¹ This literature review examined the treatment of amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS), which is a general term that represents a spectrum of pain disorders for patients who may not satisfy specific diagnostic criteria.² Specifically, sources were analyzed to compare the efficacy of individual components in the nonpharmacological, interdisciplinary treatment of AMPS against pain medications. These components included cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT), physical therapy (PT), as well as occupational therapy (OT). There is limited information that assesses these components individually, but there is ample evidence that when …

A Review Of Risk Factors, Adverse Outcomes, And Counseling Strategies Among Pregnant Individuals With Eating Disorders, Alexandra Fontaine, Emily Meale

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Background: Eating disorders (EDs) among women of childbearing age have become more prevalent on the global level. Identifying at-risk populations of women having EDs before, during, or after pregnancy is essential for clinicians to improve treatment and decrease the likelihood of negative maternal and/or fetal outcomes. Purpose: The purpose is to determine risk factors for women who have EDs throughout pregnancy, to identify negative pregnancy outcomes of women suffering from EDs, and to explore treatment and counseling options through the postpartum period. Methods: This literature review mainly utilizes sources from PubMed and the National Institute of Health databases. An expansive …

What Stigmas Still Exist For Weight Loss Medications?, Abdullah Panah, Philip Collins Do

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Background and Hypothesis:

Medications for weight loss are becoming far more common as more tolerable formulas have come to the market with some medications offering results almost on par with bariatric surgery. However, studies show a stigma still persists around the discussion and perception around using weight loss medications. The authors of this study hypothesized that one of the biggest hurdles patients face for weight loss medications are the stigmas associated with taking these medicines and approaching the topic.

Methods:

This was a survey-based project that consisted of an anonymous, voluntary questionnaire which was provided to patients during their regular …

Effects Of Obesity On Patients Undergoing Cardiomems Procedure: Retrospective Cohort Study, Tony Elias, Mena Elmalh, Priya Brahmbhatt, Kyrillos Girgis, Taha Syed, Michael Valderrama, Rafail Beshai

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★ Remote hemodynamic monitoring (CardioMEMs) is becoming increasingly important for management of chronic heart failure patients.

★ There is limited data looking specifically for obese patients who undergo CardioMEMs implantation.

★ We sought to examine the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital outcomes for this demographic

Bridging Gaps In Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: Prehospital And Emergency Department Interventions, Quin W. Buob, Zachary J. Noll

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Since 2011, drug overdose has been the leading cause of accidental death in the United States, with two-thirds of these deaths related to opioid drugs. In 2020, the CDC reported an increase of over 91,000 overdose-related deaths. Also, non-fatal overdoses face a 5.5% one-year mortality rate post discharge, with a significant portion subsequently overdosing within 48 hours.

Access to Buprenorphine/Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) has been instrumental in reducing opioid-related mortality by over two-thirds, yet treatment initiation remains significantly low. Limited access stems from socioeconomic disparities and insufficient substance use treatment resources.

Emergency departments (EDs) have pioneered Buprenorphine inductions, showcasing variable success …

Biopsychosocial Case Report, David F. Lo, Gaurav Kumar, Don D. Shamilov

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Ms. R, a 32-year-old Hispanic female, suffers from severe anxiety exacerbated by a car accident and past struggles with depression and substance use. Evaluation reveals hypothyroidism, mild anemia, and GAD as the primary diagnosis. Factors contributing to her condition include genetic predispositions, medical issues, and social stressors. Treatment involves pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and monitoring her physiological health. Research on wearable data for GAD severity offers potential insights for her treatment. A holistic approach, considering biological, psychological, and social factors, guides her tailored treatment plan for overall well-being.

Efficacy Of Psilocybin In The Treatment Of Substance And Alcohol Use Disorders, Hanna Brancaccio

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Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are major public health crises, affecting millions of Americans. Current treatment options include behavioral therapies and medications. In this review, we explored psilocybin’s efficacy in treating SUD and AUD.

Methods: Key terms were used to search databases to identify articles that addressed psilocybin in the treatment of SUD. Included in the review were indexed, peer-reviewed, primary sources that were published within the last 10 years. Excluded studies were non-peer reviewed, not relevant to the thesis, and did not have an English translation.

Results: The psychodynamic antidepressant effects of psilocybin mark …

Fregoli Case Report, Don D. Shamilov, David F. Lo, Gaurav Kumar

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Fregoli Syndrome is a rare delusional disorder in the psychotic spectrum named after Italian actor Leopoldo Fregoli. Existing reports focus on clinical aspects and standard treatments, leaving gaps in understanding complexity and tailored interventions. This case report contributes comprehensive analysis of a young adult male with Fregoli syndrome and emphasizes interplay of psychopathology, neurocognition, and psychosocial factors. This report highlights a holistic approach, including differential diagnosis and psychosocial dynamics and aims to improve diagnostic considerations and personalized treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.

Barriers In Obtaining A Naloxone Co-Prescription For Patients Who Are Prescribed Opioids For Pain Management, Sonika Vatsa

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As the prevalence of chronic pain rises, the number of patients prescribed opioids is increasing. Consequently, the rate of opioid overdose has increased, becoming a public health concern.For these reasons, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommended co-prescribing naloxone, a medicine that reverses the effects of opioid overdose.While this medication can be lifesaving, it is not accessible or available to everyone in need of it. A systematic review of existing literature pertaining to the barriers in patients receiving naloxone was conducted to evaluate the major obstacles in patients receiving a naloxone co-prescription. The results show that the major deterrents …

The Effects Of Circadian Misalignment On Astrocyte Morphology In The Nucleus Tractus Solitarius, Kush C. Patel, Mina Shenouda, Diana Martinez

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Circadian misalignment, as experienced by shift workers, was found to increase the number of astrocytes in the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS) - a brain region crucial for autonomic control of blood pressure. Sprague Dawley rats subjected to a 6-hour light-dark phase delay every 2 days to simulate shift work exhibited a significant increase in astrocyte cell bodies compared to control rats, both at 9am and 9pm timepoints. The increase in astrocytes may lead to greater glutamate uptake, reducing extracellular glutamate levels in the nTS. Decreased glutamatergic neurotransmission in this region has been linked to the development of hypertension. These findings …

Clinical Outcomes For Impella Procedure In Octogenarians, Nonagenarians, And Centenarians: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Tony Elias, Sonika Vatsa, Kyrillos Girgis, Michael Valderrama, Rafail Beshai

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The Impella, a vital ventricular assist device, has seen extensive use in managing severe heart failure and cardiogenic shock. However, the impact of this procedure on older individuals remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we scrutinized the National Inpatient Sample Database from 2019 to 2020 to elucidate in-hospital outcomes among older patients who underwent the Impella procedure. Among the 8233 patients who underwent Impella insertion, 1389 (16.8%) were in the older population, aged 80 years or older. This subgroup exhibited a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease compared to younger patients. Alarmingly, …

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation As A Treatment For Aging-Related Cognitive Disorders: Review Of Published Evidence, Srujan Dadi, Kyle Jackson, Don Shamilov

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MCI are a major concern in modern neuropsychiatric care, chiefly for their difficult management. This strategic literature review categorizes MCI via the Jak-Bondi criteria and relates it to tES treatment paradigms. Commonly used outcome measures and regional brain mapping data synergizes associations between MCI pathology and potential tES treatment targets. Effect sizes were calculated and attributed to outcome measures based on primary articles evaluating the efficacy of tES. These were then corresponded to a desired Jack-Bondi classification. A better understanding of the efficacy of tES on specific brain regions in synergy with diagnostic criteria will allow …

Ketamine Crisis: Case Report On The Complications Of Ketamine Usage And Its Rise In The United States, Shika Veera, Vajreshwari Shivaprakash

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The recreational use of ketamine poses various health risks, including addiction, cognitive impairments, and physical harm.

The patient is a 24-year-old female who presented with 30 lbs. unintentional weight loss, generalized weakness, and urinary incontinence over four months. She endorses right upper quadrant and suprapubic pain with occasional gross hematuria. The patient denied recreational drug use. Urine drug screen was negative. Gynecologic exam and STI testing were without concerns. On exam, she had positive right lower quadrant tenderness, suprapubic tenderness, and costovertebral angle tenderness bilaterally. The patient was admitted to the ICU due to weakness and significant hyponatremia at 115. …

Moving On Up: A Case Study Of Hiv And Covid-Induced Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Victoria Wong Murray, Rebecca Chae, Isobel Moyer, Cindy Hou

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COVID and HIV are both common diseases, with COVID affecting an estimated 775 million and HIV affecting 39 million people worldwide. Guillain-Barre is a rare but feared complication of immune stimulation in which the body generates autoantibodies against gangliosides, found in the nodes of Ranvier, in the myelin, and in the ganglia; causing ascending paralysis.

A mid-30s man with HIV maintained on Genvoya presented to the Jefferson Health New Jersey Early Intervention Program clinic with fatigue, fever, cough, and congestion and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on the following day. Two weeks later, he presented to the emergency department complaining of …