Development Of Macromolecular Prodrug Conjugates For The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Musculoskeletal Diseases,
2018
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Development Of Macromolecular Prodrug Conjugates For The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Xin Wei
Theses & Dissertations
Macromolecular prodrug conjugate is a promising strategy for better diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. Our lab has pioneered this effort and has successfully developed multiple prodrug formulations. The general approach we have taken is to incorporate active ingredient (AI, including imaging probe or therapeutic agents) containing monomers into water-soluble and biocompatible polymers, such as N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers. Structural parameters of these polymeric prodrugs, such as molecular weight (MW), drug loading, prodrug activation mechanism and the selection of drug payload may greatly affect therapeutic efficacy and the safety of the macromolecular prodrugs. To investigate the impact of these …
A Review Of Inhalation Exposure To Mold And Adverse Health Outcomes,
2018
Florida State University College of Law
A Review Of Inhalation Exposure To Mold And Adverse Health Outcomes, Amanda S. Persad, Todd Stedeford, Marek Banasik, Tomasz T. Suchecki, Carlos A. Muro-Cacho
Florida State University Journal of Land Use and Environmental Law
No abstract provided.
Mycotoxins: Mechanisms For Toxicity And Methods For Identifying Exposed Individuals,
2018
Florida State University College of Law
Mycotoxins: Mechanisms For Toxicity And Methods For Identifying Exposed Individuals, Carlos A. Muro-Cach, Todd Stedeford, Marek Banasik, Tomasz T. Suchecki, Amanda S. Persad
Florida State University Journal of Land Use and Environmental Law
No abstract provided.
Toxicology And Risk Assessment Of Mycotoxins,
2018
Florida State University College of Law
Toxicology And Risk Assessment Of Mycotoxins, Raymond D. Harbison, Todd Stedeford, Marek Banasik, Carlos A. Muro-Cacho
Florida State University Journal of Land Use and Environmental Law
No abstract provided.
Development And Evaluation Of Biocompatible Engineered Nanoparticles For Use In Ophthalmology,
2018
Washington University in St. Louis
Development And Evaluation Of Biocompatible Engineered Nanoparticles For Use In Ophthalmology, Bedia Begum Karakocak
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
The synthesis and design of biocompatible nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and bioimaging requires knowledge of both their potential toxicity and their transport. For both practical and ethical reasons, evaluating exposure via cell studies is a logical precursor to in vivo tests. As a step towards clinical trials, this work extensively investigated the toxicity of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and carbon dot (CD) nanoparticles as a prelude to their in vivo application, focusing specifically on ocular cells. As a further step, it also evaluated their whole-body transport in mice. The research pursued two approaches in assessing the toxicity of engineered …
Yardwork: A Biography Of An Urban Place By Daniel Coleman,
2018
University of Calgary
Yardwork: A Biography Of An Urban Place By Daniel Coleman, Vivian M. Hansen
The Goose
Review of Daniel Coleman's Yardwork: A Biography of an Urban Place.
The Right To Be Cold: One Woman’S Fight To Protect The Arctic And Save The Planet From Climate Change By Sheila Watt-Cloutier,
2018
University of Calgary
The Right To Be Cold: One Woman’S Fight To Protect The Arctic And Save The Planet From Climate Change By Sheila Watt-Cloutier, Leah Van Dyk
The Goose
Review of Sheila Watt-Cloutier's The Right to Be Cold: One Woman's Fight to Protect the Arctic and Save the Planet from Climate Change.
Inhibition Of Ribosome Biogenesis Through Genetic And Chemical Approaches,
2018
Rowan University
Inhibition Of Ribosome Biogenesis Through Genetic And Chemical Approaches, Leonid Anikin
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations
In order to maintain the ability to generate proteins, proliferating cells must continuously generate ribosomes, designating up to 80% of their energy to ribosome biogenesis (RBG). RBG involves transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerases I (Pol I) and III (Pol III), expression of approximately 80 ribosomal proteins, and assembly of these components in a process referred to as ribosome maturation. During maturation, the Pol I transcribed 47S pre-rRNA undergoes a number of processing events, while simultaneously interacting with processing factors and ribosomal proteins that drive pre-ribosome assembly. Inhibition of RBG has become one of the pursued targets for cancer therapy …
Macrophytes And Atrazine In Ponds Of Southwest Missouri,
2018
Missouri State University
Macrophytes And Atrazine In Ponds Of Southwest Missouri, Christine Michelle Cornish
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Wetlands are often the ultimate destination of agrochemicals. The increased use of these pollutants has resulted in their increased transport, via runoff and spray drift, into wetlands. Atrazine, a commonly used herbicide, has been detected in surface water, groundwater, soil, and sediment, and has shown to have adverse impacts on aquatic biota, such as fish and amphibians. Few studies have reported on the relationships between atrazine and macrophytes. I measured atrazine concentrations in surface sediments in agricultural, conservation, and golf course ponds of southwest Missouri, and investigated how those concentrations might be related to macrophyte communities, and pond environmental characteristics. …
Antimicrobial Efficacy And Safety Of A Novel Gas Plasma-Activated Catheter Lock Solution,
2018
Old Dominion University
Antimicrobial Efficacy And Safety Of A Novel Gas Plasma-Activated Catheter Lock Solution, Sudhir Bhatt, Poonam Mehta, Chen Chen, Dayle A. Daines, Leonard A. Mermel, Hai-Lan Chen, Michael G. Kong
Bioelectrics Publications
Antimicrobial lock solutions are important for prevention of microbial colonization and infection of long-term central venous catheters. We investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel antibiotic-free lock solution formed from gas plasma-activated disinfectant (PAD). Using a luminal biofilm model, viable cells of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in mature biofilms were reduced by 6 to 8 orders of magnitude with a PAD lock for 60 min. Subsequent 24-h incubation of PAD-treated samples resulted in no detectable regrowth of viable bacteria or fungi. As a comparison, the use of a minocycline-EDTA-ethanol lock solution for 60 …
Egfr Signaling From The Early Endosome.,
2018
University of Louisville
Egfr Signaling From The Early Endosome., Julie A. Gosney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is an integral component of proliferative signaling. When activated by a ligand at the plasma membrane, EGFR dimerizes with another ErbB family receptor, leading to kinase domain activation and transphosphorylation of C-terminus tyrosine residues. These phosphotyrosines act as crucial regulators of EGFR signaling as effector proteins dock to the receptor at these sites. The receptor undergoes clathrin-mediated endocytosis into early endosomes, where it can then be trafficked to a lysosome for degradation. However, the kinase domain of EGFR retains its activity during trafficking, suggesting that EGFR can continue …
Wnt/Β-Catenin Mediated Cancer Stem Cell Activation In Hepatocellular Carcinoma.,
2018
University of Louisville
Wnt/Β-Catenin Mediated Cancer Stem Cell Activation In Hepatocellular Carcinoma., Harshulkumar M. Pandit
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers, with variable presentation, high chemotherapy resistance and early tumor recurrence. In this dissertation, we have systematically enriched, identified and characterized HCC cancer stem cells (CSCs) from 3 different HCC cell lines (Hepa1-6, HepG2, and Hep3B) using in vitro serum-free culture method. Enriched spheroids acquired CSC properties, primarily self-renewal capability, spheroid formation ability, and drug resistance. Heterogeneous CSCs enriched from Hepa1-6 cells demonstrated higher tumor initiation and proliferation capability in vivo, compared to control HCC cells in orthotopic immunocompetent mouse model. EpCAM+ CSCs were significantly enriched within heterogeneous Hepa1-6 CSC spheroids. Consequently, …
A Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Variant Reverses Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Type 2 Diabetes.,
2018
University of Louisville
A Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Variant Reverses Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Type 2 Diabetes., Qian Lin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder and is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our recently engineered FGF1 partial agonist, carrying triple mutations (FGF1△HBS) exhibits greatly reduced proliferative potential, while preserving the full metabolic activity of wild-type FGF1. This study tests the preventive and therapeutic effects of FGF1△HBS on NAFLD in db/db T2D and explores potential mechanisms. The results showed that administration of FGF1△HBS to 2-month-old db/db mice for 2 months constantly lowered blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity, and lowered liver weight, lipid deposition, and …
Deciphering The Role Of Human Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase 1 (Nat1) In Breast Cancer Cell Metabolism Using A Systems Biology Approach.,
2018
University of Louisville
Deciphering The Role Of Human Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase 1 (Nat1) In Breast Cancer Cell Metabolism Using A Systems Biology Approach., Samantha Marie Carlisle
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) is a phase II xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme found in almost all tissues. NAT1 can additionally hydrolyze acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) in the absence of an arylamine substrate. NAT1 expression varies inter-individually and is elevated in several cancers including estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers. Additionally, multiple studies have shown the knockdown of NAT1, by both small molecule inhibition and siRNA methods, in breast cancer cells leads to decreased invasive ability and proliferation and decreased anchorage-independent colony formation. However, the exact mechanism by which NAT1 expression affects cancer risk and progression remains unclear. Additionally, consequences …
Evaluation Of Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity As A Function Of Tumor Tissue Heterogeneity.,
2018
University of Louisville
Evaluation Of Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity As A Function Of Tumor Tissue Heterogeneity., Hunter Allan Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The inherent heterogeneity of tumor tissue presents a major challenge to nanoparticle-medicated drug delivery. This heterogeneity spans from the molecular to the cellular (cell types) and to the tissue (vasculature, extra-cellular matrix) scales. Here we employ computational modeling to evaluate therapeutic response as a function of vascular-induced tumor tissue heterogeneity. Using data with three-layered gold nanoparticles loaded with cisplatin, nanotherapy is simulated with different levels of tissue heterogeneity, and the treatment response is measured in terms of tumor regression. The results show that tumor vascular density non-trivially influences the nanoparticle uptake and washout, and the associated tissue response. The drug …
The Role Of Perivascular Fibrosis In Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment And Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy,
2018
The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
The Role Of Perivascular Fibrosis In Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment And Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Matthew D. Howe
Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)
In healthy brain tissue, toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins are transported by the pulsatile flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) along perivascular drainage pathways. Ischemic stroke may disrupt this process, leading to a perivascular build-up of Aβ, termed cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). I hypothesize that an abnormal pattern of extracellular matrix deposition within the vascular basement membrane, termed fibrosis, impairs Aβ drainage from the aged brain after stroke. I further hypothesize that inhibition of astrocytic transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling can reverse these phenotypes. Finally, I also hypothesize that serum biomarkers of perivascular fibrosis can be used to diagnose CAA following intracerebral …
Hiv Integrase Inhibitor Pharmacogenetics And Clinical Outcomes: An Exploratory Association Study,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Hiv Integrase Inhibitor Pharmacogenetics And Clinical Outcomes: An Exploratory Association Study, Derek E. Murrell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As HIV is now primarily a chronic condition, treatment is given life-long with changes as necessitated by alterations in tolerability and efficacy. Thus, personalized medicine may be useful in the prevention of unnecessary drug exposure and avoidable side effects. Three of the four currently available HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), raltegravir, elvitegravir, and dolutegravir, are widely utilized antiretrovirals in the USA and exhibit variations in outcomes among subjects. To interrogate differences among subjects receiving these drugs, we investigated the association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with drug exposure, clinical outcomes, and subject-reported adverse events. HIV+ adults (≥18 years …
Detection Of In-Utero Ethanol Exposure Via Etg And Ets Analysis In Umbilical Cord And Placenta,
2018
CUNY John Jay College
Detection Of In-Utero Ethanol Exposure Via Etg And Ets Analysis In Umbilical Cord And Placenta, Jennifer Hanna
Student Theses
Alcohol exposure during pregnancy constitutes one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, mental retardation and neurodevelopmental disorders in exposed children. According to the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, alcohol was the second most prevalent substance (8.3%) after tobacco (10%), being this alcohol prevalence higher among 26-44 years old pregnant women than in the 18-25 years old group (9.1 vs 6.5%) (Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2017). The ethanol marker ethyl glucuronide (EtG) has proven to be a specific long-term marker of ethanol in-utero exposure in meconium; however, currently there are scarce or no …
Levels Of Heavy Metals In Selected Facial Cosmetics Marketed In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania,
2018
Chemistry Department, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Levels Of Heavy Metals In Selected Facial Cosmetics Marketed In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Joseph Yoeza Naimani Philip, Silvia John, Othman Chande Othman
Tanzania Journal of Science
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of heavy metals: lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, arsenic and mercury in facial cosmetics (lipstick, lip glossy, facial powder, foundation, eyeliner, eye shadow and mascara) which were purchased randomly in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The levels of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The levels of arsenic were determined using Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (HGAAS), and levels of mercury were determined using Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Prior to determination of the concentration of heavy metals, the samples were acid digested. The average order …
Levels Of Heavy Metals In Deposited Dust And Soil From Selected Primary Schools In Dar Es Salaam,
2018
Chemistry Department, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Levels Of Heavy Metals In Deposited Dust And Soil From Selected Primary Schools In Dar Es Salaam, Joseph Yoeza Naimani Philip, Eliamini Ismail Mkenga, Othman Chande Othman
Tanzania Journal of Science
The objective of this study was to examine the levels of heavy metals, lead, manganese, nickel, copper, chromium and cadmium in standard one and kindergarten classroom dusts and playing ground soils from selected primary schools along Morogoro road highway (Kimara, Mbezi, Kibamba and Kiluvya primary schools) and away from Morogoro road highway (Makabe, Msumi and Mbopo primary schools) as well as in the Dar es Salaam city center (Uhuru, Mzimuni, Dr. Omari Ali Juma, Manzese and Ubungo National House primary schools), Tanzania. The samples were acid digested and the supernatant analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The …
