Nutrition Commons^™

Influence Of Household Environment And Maternal Behaviors To Upper Respiratory Infection Among Toddlers, Reny Fahdiyani, Ardini S. Raksanagara, Hadyana Sukandar

Kesmas

Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut atas (ISPA atas) di negara berkembang menyebabkan morbiditas tinggi pada anak bawah usia lima tahun (balita). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia melaporkan bahwa ISPAnonpneumonia meningkat 2,6% dari tahun 2007 ke 2011. Faktor risiko yang dapat berkontribusi termasuk lingkungan dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki faktor perilaku dan lingkungan dengan ISPA atas pada balita. Studi kasus kontrol ini dilakukan dari Februari-April 2015 pada balita di Tamansari yang merupakan daerah kumuh di Kota Bandung. Kasus adalah 55 ibu dengan balita menderita ISPA atas yang datang ke puskesmas, sedangkan kontrol dua kali lebih besar dari kasus dipilih dari lingkungan …

Predisposing Factors With Complementary Feeding Practices Among 9-11 Month-Old Infants In Jakarta Urban Slum Area, Septriana Septriana, Gita Ardelia Suhartono

Kesmas

Penyebab utama kekurangan gizi selain dari penyakit infeksi adalah pola asuh yang tidak sesuai dan pemberian makan yang optimal menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengatasi konsekuensi jangka panjang dari kekurangan zat gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor pendukung praktik pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MPASI) pada bayi usia 9 - 11 bulan di daerah kumuh perkotaan Jakarta. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 50 orang pengasuh bayi usia 9 – 11 bulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia pengasuh dengan praktik pemberian makan (nilai p = 0,645). Demikian juga dengan …

Residential Density, Parents’ Sexual Activity And Teenage Sexual Behavior In Yogyakarta, Luluk Rosida, Evi Martha, Besral Besral

Kesmas

Pada daerah kumuh dan padat, orangtua sering terpaksa harus berbagi ruang tidur dengan anak-anaknya sehingga anak-anaknya sudah terpapar dengan aktivitas seksual sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kepadatan hunian, aktivitas seksual orangtua, dan efeknya terhadap perilaku seksual remaja di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mewawancarai 268 keluarga yang memiliki anak remaja yang dipilih secara acak di daerah kumuh perkotaan dan daerah pedesaan pada bulan Maret – Mei 2015. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan regresi-cox multivariat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orangtua yang tinggal di hunian padat memiliki risiko dua kali lebih besar untuk melakukan …

Effects Of Mothers’ Attitude As Breeders And Distance Of Stockyard Toward Diarrhea Incidence Among Toddlers, Yarmaliza Yarmaliza, Sugito Sugito, Teuku Reza Ferasyi, Nurliana Nurliana, Razali Razali

Kesmas

Diare merupakan penyakit dengan perubahan bentuk dan konsentrasi tinja yang melembek sampai mencair, dan bertambahnya frekuensi buang air besar lebih dari biasanya (tiga kali atau lebih dalam sehari). Di Provinsi Aceh, terdapat kasus diare sebanyak 48/1.000 kelahiran hidup pada 2013. Di Kabupaten Aceh Barat, pada tahun 2014 terdapat 1.071 kasus, sedangkan di Kecamatan Meureubo terdapat sebanyak 70 kasus pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap ibu sebagai peternak dan jarak kandang ternak terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Meureubo. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara potong lintang pada bulan Juli – September …

Β-Cell Adaptation To Elevated Palmitate Concentrations (Hyperlipidemia), Daniel R. Lathen, Jeffery S. Tessem Ph.D.

Student Works

It is estimated that over 370 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, and this number is increasing rapidly. Normally, β-cells in the pancreas secrete insulin, which is necessary for proper glucose absorption and storage. Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are characterized by decreased functional β-cell mass and insulin production, and increased circulating glucose and fatty acid levels. Diabetics’ pancreata maintain small amounts of functional β-cells, but these surviving cells are damaged and destroyed over time due to the harmful effects of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. These β-cells must adapt to survive. Hence, diabetes is itself a selective process. We …

Akt-Mtorc1 Signaling Regulates Acly To Integrate Metabolic Input To Control Of Macrophage Activation, Anthony J. Covarrubias, Halil Ibrahim Aksoylar, Jiujiu Yu, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Andrew J. Worth, Shankar S. Iyer, Jiawei Wang, Issam Ben-Sahra, Vanessa Byles, Tiffany Polynne-Stapornkul, Erika C. Espinosa, Dudley Lamming, Brendan D. Manning, Yijing Zhang, Ian A. Blair, Tiffany Horng

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Macrophage activation/polarization to distinct functional states is critically supported by metabolic shifts. How polarizing signals coordinate metabolic and functional reprogramming, and the potential implications for control of macrophage activation, remains poorly understood. Here we show that IL-4 signaling co-opts the Akt-mTORC1 pathway to regulate Acly, a key enzyme in Ac-CoA synthesis, leading to increased histone acetylation and M2 gene induction. Only a subset of M2 genes is controlled in this way, including those regulating cellular proliferation and chemokine production. Moreover, metabolic signals impinge on the Akt-mTORC1 axis for such control of M2 activation. We propose that Akt-mTORC1 signaling calibrates metabolic …

Determining If C-Fos Protects Β-Cells From Apoptosis, Kyle Kener, Jeffery Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Diabetes, a disease characterized by the inability of the body to maintain a normal blood glucose level, continues to affect the lives of many. In both Type I and Type II diabetes, eventual β-cell destruction results in decreased β-cell mass. Regeneration of functional β-cells and protection of such, could help reverse the effects of this disease and could possibly lead to a cure. Many studies have been done to increase functioning β-cell mass, but protecting regenerated β-cells from further apoptotic insults could greatly increase the effectiveness of β-cell transplants and other future treatments of the disease.

This Project Focused On The Effects Of Palmitate On Transcription Factors, Nr4a1 And Nr4a3. All Experiments Were Preformed On A Beta Cell Line. The First Experiment Was Done To Show If Palmitate Effected Proliferation Of Nr4a1 And Nr4a3 Knockout Cell Lines. This Experiment Was Preformed Adding .2 Mmol Palmitate To All Cells And Comparing Them To Untreated And Treated Unknocked Down Cell Lines. This Showed Exactly What Was Expected Which Was That Proliferation Was Decreased In Nr4a1 And Nr4a3 Knockdown Cell Lines., Jordan Tingey, Jeffery Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project focused on the effects of palmitate on transcription factors, Nr4a1 and Nr4a3. All experiments were preformed on a beta cell line. The first experiment was done to show if palmitate effected proliferation of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 knockout cell lines. This experiment was preformed adding .2 mmol palmitate to all cells and comparing them to untreated and treated unknocked down cell lines. This showed exactly what was expected which was that proliferation was decreased in Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 knockdown cell lines.

The Role Of Cdk5r1 In Β-¬Cell Survival From Apoptosis, Amanda Hobson, Jeffrey Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are classified as a decrease in functional ß-cell mass, which results in impaired blood glucose regulation. Functional ß-cell mass is defined as the glucose stimulated insulin secretion rate multiplied by the total cellular mass which is determined by the proliferation and cell death rates. Though ß-cell mass proliferation rates generally decrease by adolescence, obesity and pregnancy have been shown to be times of significant ß-cell proliferation (1). This implies that the inherent molecular pathways necessary for ß-cell proliferation are present, but highly regulated. Discovering the molecular pathway of ß-cell proliferation could lead to diabetes …

Determining If C-Fos Regulates Glucose Stimulated Insulin, Benjamin Bitner, Jeffery Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Increasing a patient’s functional β-cell mass may provide a cure for both types of diabetes. Previous studies have shown that overexpression of the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6.1 stimulates β-cell proliferation, increases glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and decreases apoptosis¹. Functional β-cell mass is defined by the number of β-cells, which is dependent on proliferation and apoptosis rates, multiplied by the ability to secrete insulin. Increasing β-cell proliferation or insulin secretion while decreasing apoptosis could be used as a treatment to produce β-cells for islet transplantation, a potential cure for diabetes.

The Role Of Hdac1 In Increasing Β-Cell Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion And Apoptosis Resistance, Carrie Draney, Jeffery Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes affects more than 9% of the American population and the incidences of diabetes continue to increase at a startling rate. Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes impede β- cell function (insulin secretion) by destroying β-cell mass. Increasing proliferation and function of β-cells could potentially be used as a cure for diabetes. Research has shown that the homeobox β-cell transcription factor Nkx6.1 induces β-cell proliferation. We have found that Nkx6.1 upregulates expression of HDAC1 and this project will allow us to further define the specific role of HDAC1 in increasing β-cell proliferation. We hypothesize …

Gascoyne Demersal Scalefish Managed Fishery, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Occasional Publications

An operators’ guide to the management arrangements 1 September 2015 – 31 August 2016.

Exploring The Use Of An Iphone App: A Novel Approach To Dietary Assessment, Melissa Keeney, Ming-Chin Yeh, Rissa Landman, May May Leung, Ann Gaba, Khursheed Navder

Publications and Research

Recent advancements in smartphone technology have provided new methods of dietary assessment. An iTunes application (app) called Meal Snap lets users take pictures of the meal they eat, and then estimates the calories of the food items eaten. We conducted a pilot study to explore the user-friendliness and calorie estimation functions of the Meal Snap app. Two female nutrition graduate students pilot-tested the Meal Snap app. Using the app, each student took pictures of foods and drinks consumed daily for two weeks. The data were analyzed using the Nutritionist ProTM software, version 4.4.0. The mean daily caloric intake obtained from …

Post-Prandial Glucose And Insulin Responses Of Hummus Alone Or Combined With A Carbohydrate Food: A Dose-Response Study, Livia S. Augustin, Laura Chiavaroli, Janice Campbell, Adish Ezatagha, Alexandra L. Jenkins, Amin Esfahani, Cyril Kendall

NYMC Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Pulses are low glycemic index (GI) foods and have been associated with reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes and some cancers. However the blood glucose and insulin responses of hummus, a food containing chickpea, have not been thoroughly tested.

METHODS: Ten healthy subjects each consumed 11 breakfast study meals in randomized order over a period of 15 weeks. Hummus was consumed alone at three doses (2.7 g, 10.8 g and 25 g available carbohydrate [avCHO] portions) and with 50 g avCHO from white bread at three doses (2.7 g, 5.4 g and 10.8 g avCHO portions). The responses elicited …

Effect Of Green Tea On Interaction Of Lipid Oxidation Products With Sarcoplasmic And Myofibrillar Protein Homogenates Extracted From Bovine Top Round Muscle, Nahathai Stapornkul, Tatiana Prytkova, Lilian Were

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

The interaction between lipid oxidation products and bovine sarcoplasmic (SP) and myofibrillar protein (MP) homogenates in the presence of green tea was investigated. To monitor the effect of green tea on lipid oxidation, aldehydes were measured while effect on protein was monitored via changes in myoglobin, thiols, and tryptophan fluorescence over nine days of refrigerated storage. The presence of SP and MP decreased free aldehydes in the buffers. The SP bound more aldehydes than MP. The tea compounds exhibited more favorable binding energies than aldehydes near histidine 64 close to the heme moiety of myoglobin. Addition of tea lowered tryptophan …

Principals' And School Food Service Workers' Perceptions Of The Implementation Of The Community Eligibility Provision, Shirlena M. Moore

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Over the years, participation in the School Breakfast Program (SBP) has increased, on both state and national levels. The Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) offers free breakfast to all students regardless of income. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of principals and school food service workers regarding the benefits, barriers, attitudes and beliefs about the implementation of the CEP. A survey was sent to principals and school food service workers. The majority of the participants were satisfied overall with the CEP and the nutritional quality of foods served for breakfast. The majority of the participants did not …

Dyslipidemia And Food Security In Low-Income Us Adolescents: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2010., June M Tester, Barbara A Laraia, Cindy W Leung, Michele L. Mietus-Snyder

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Low levels of food security are associated with dyslipidemia and chronic disease in adults, particularly in women. There is a gap in knowledge about the relationship between food security among youth and dyslipidemia and chronic disease. We investigated the relationship between food security status and dyslipidemia among low-income adolescents.

METHODS: We analyzed data from adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (N = 1,072) from households with incomes at or below 200% of the federal poverty level from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010. We used logistic regression to examine the relationship between household food security status …

Interrater Reliability Of Quantitative Ultrasound Using Force Feedback Among Examiners With Varied Levels Of Experience, Michael O. Harris-Love, Catheeja Ismail, Reza Monfaredi, Haniel J. Hernandez, Donte Pennington, Paula Woletz, Valerie Mcintosh, Bernadette Adams, Marc R. Blackman

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Background. Quantitative ultrasound measures are influenced by multiple external factors including examiner scanning force. Force feedback may foster the acquisition of reliable morphometry measures under a variety of scanning conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of force-feedback image acquisition and morphometry over a range of examiner-generated forces using a muscle tissuemimicking ultrasound phantom.

Methods. Sixty material thickness measures were acquired from a muscle tissue mimicking phantom using B-mode ultrasound scanning by six examiners with varied experience levels (i.e., experienced, intermediate, and novice). Estimates of interrater reliability and measurement error with force feedback scanning were determined …

Clinical Assessment Of Fatigability In Multiple Sclerosis: A Shift From Perception To Performance., Bryant A Seamon, Michael O. Harris-Love

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Pilot Study For Plant The Seed: A Nutrition Education Program Using Local Food Environment To Put Theory Into Action, Yeon Bai, Shahla M. Wunderlich, Karen A. Lee

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

The purpose of this study is to implement Plant the Seed, a garden-based nutrition education program designed to reconnect children with locally grown food, food environments of the past and present, and the benefits of eating seasonal foods. The pilot study investigates the environmental context and theory variables known to influence healthy food choice behavior. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) provided a framework for the program’s curriculum and evaluation. The target audience is middle school students. Plant the Seed is a two-part program. In Part 1 (classroom), students participate in practical, interactive activities based on specific educational objectives that target …