Other Nutrition Commons^™

Small Extracellular Vesicles In Milk Cross The Blood-Brain Barrier In Murine Cerebral Cortex Endothelial Cells And Promote Dendritic Complexity In The Hippocampus And Brain Function In C57bl/6j Mice, Fang Zhou, Pearl Ebea, Ezra Mutai, Haichuan Wang, Sonal Sukreet, Shya Navazesh, Haluk Dogan, Wenhao Li, Juan Cui, Peng Ji, Denise M.O. Ramirez, Janos Zempleni

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Human milk contains large amounts of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and their microRNA cargos, whereas infant formulas contain only trace amounts of sEVs and microRNAs. We assessed the transport of sEVs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and sEV accumulation in distinct regions of the brain in brain endothelial cells and suckling mice. We further assessed sEV-dependent gene expression profiles and effects on the dendritic complexity of hippocampal granule cells and phenotypes of EV depletion in neonate, juvenile and adult mice. The transfer of sEVs across the BBB was assessed by using fluorophore-labeled bovine sEVs in brain endothelial bEnd.3 monolayers and …

Emotional Eating Among Final Year Undergraduate Female Students Of Faculty Of Public Health Universitas Indonesia During Covid-19 Pandemic In 2021, Adinda Safira Salsabiela, Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Emotional eating is defined as the tendency to excessively consuming food which often high in sugar, salt, and fat levels in response to negative emotions. Uncontrolled emotional eating will increase the risk of eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type II diabetes. This study aims to find out about the relationship between perceived stress, anxiety, academic stressors, social media engagement, COVID-19 infection history in respondent and their family members, and mindfulness with emotional eating among 106 final year undergraduate female students of the Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic …

Current Intake And Infection Status Were Not Good Predictive Factors Of Stunting Among Children Aged 6-59 Months In Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia, Ruth Desinta Purnamasari, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Trini Sudarti

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

This study aims to discover the prevalence of stunting and determine the associations between the history of pulmonary tuberculosis disease with the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age (6-59 months) in Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District 2019. This study uses a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The sample in this research was 194 children under five obtained by cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted through May 2019. The data collection process includes anthropometric measurements using calibrated microtoise and digital length board, dietary assessment using 1 x 24-h food recall, and a self-administered questionnaire. Data analyses …

Nutrition Analysis Of Wood Apple (Limonia Acidissima), Yuliana Noor Setiawati Ulvie, Hapsari Sulistya Kusuma, Erma Handarsari

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Wood apple or Limonia acidissima contains fruit acid, vitamins, and minerals. The dry fiber of the fruit contains 15% citric acid, potassium, calcium, and iron salt. The seed and pulp contain fats and protein. The fats consist of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, despite palmitoleic and stearic acid traces. β-sitosterol, β-Amirin, lupeol, and stigmasterol are from the unsaponifiable matter of seed oil. It was descriptive research that employed a laboratory experiment approach to determine the composition of total carbohydrate, total protein, total fats, water, ash content, and the crude fiber of wood apple. The research found …

Carbohydrate Intake Is Associated With Learning Concentration Among High School Students In Jember Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia, Nadya Parahita Handini, Triyanti Triyanti, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Low learning concentration will have impact on low academic performance. This study aims to determine the relationship between learning concentration and several factors and to find the most dominant factor in the students of SMAN 1 Jember. In this study, learning concentration was the dependent variable, while breakfast habits, nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin C), sleep quality, and physical activity were independent variables. This research is a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. This study conducted in June 2021 at SMAN 1 Jember with a total of 200 respondents who were selected using the quota …

Effect Of Health And Nutrition Education On Blood Pressure, Knowledge And Compliance Among Hypertensive Patients In Bogor District, Indonesia: A Control Quasi-Experiment, Nurul Dina Rahmawati, Hasbullah Thabrany, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

With a high prevalence of hypertension (25.8% in 2013 and 34.1% in 2018), Indonesia currently deals with a tremendous health economic burden with the implementation of National Health Insurance (JKN). Hypertension is known to lead to severe complications and productivity loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health and nutrition education on blood pressure knowledge and compliance among hypertension patients. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months in Bogor District. A total of 179 patients (64%) completed the study (intervention n = 88, control n = 91). Compared to the control group, patients in the …

Does A Hypertrophying Muscle Fibre Reprogramme Its Metabolism Similar To A Cancer Cell?, Henning Wackerhage, Ivan J. Vechetti, Philipp Baumert, Sebastian Gehlert, Lore Becker, Richard T. Jaspers, Martin Hrabě De Angelis

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

In 1924, Otto Warburg asked “How does the metabolism of a growing tissue differ from that of a non-growing tissue?” Currently, we know that proliferating healthy and cancer cells reprogramme their metabolism. This typically includes increased glucose uptake, glycolytic flux and lactate synthesis. A key function of this reprogramming is to channel glycolytic intermediates and other metabolites into anabolic reactions such as nucleotide-RNA/DNA synthesis, amino acid-protein synthesis and the synthesis of, for example, acetyl and methyl groups for epigenetic modification. In this review, we discuss evidence that a hypertrophying muscle similarly takes up more glucose and reprogrammes its metabolism to …

Food For Thought: The Relationship Between Nutrition And Academic Performance, Sarah Freeman

Honors Projects in Science and Technology

Nutrition has been shown to impact the level of cognitive function in individuals. Through the analysis of nutritional diets, this new research will aim to uncover the impact that diet has on cognitive function of Bryant University students by analyzing their ability to perform on a variety of cognitive assessments. This study will provide recommendations to students at Bryant University on what they should eat so they can perform their best academically. This research will also investigate whether Bryant University is offering the best food for students to eat setting them up for success.

Plant Wise, Sophia Llamas

Honors Projects

Conceptually, Plant Wise is the key to bridging the gap between preconceived ideas about vegan and vegetarianism and successfully integrating plant-based foods into your everyday life. Physically, Plant Wise is a self-educational, interactive booklet chock-full of activities intended for users to complete at their own pace. Inside this 56-page booklet, there are recipes, doodling spaces, weekly check sheets, activities to do with friends and family, challenges, and so much more. Plant Wise utilizes these activities and journaling opportunities throughout as a self-reflective vehicle to give users an experience to reflect on, which aids in the retention of what’s been learned …

Evaluation Of Nutrition Intervention In The Senior Population, Stephanie K. Fonseca

Department of Nutrition Student Projects

Average life expectancy has steadily increased with each passing year and is estimated to continue increasing in years to come. Reports show that the number of people aged 65 or older has increased from 6% of the population in the 1960’s, to 12% in the year 2000, to 16% of the total population in 2015.¹ This number is expected to increase to almost 20% of the population by the year 2050.¹ Striving towards healthy aging can help the growing senior population to live the best possible life in their later years. Nutrition education is one area of learning …

“Many People Have No Idea”: A Qualitative Analysis Of Healthcare Barriers Among Yazidi Refugees In The Midwestern United States, Falah Rashoka, Megan S. Kelley, Jeong‑Kyun Choi, Marc A. Garcia, Weiwen Chai, Hazim N. Rashawka

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has shed new light on inequities in healthcare access faced by immigrant and refugee communities. To address ongoing disparities, there is an urgent need for ecological approaches to better understand the barriers that hinder and resources that facilitate access to healthcare. This study investigates barriers to healthcare system access faced by Yazidi refugees in the Midwestern United States.

Methods: Informed by the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach, three focus group meetings with a community advisory board were conducted between September 2019 and January 2020. The nine-member focus group included social workers, healthcare providers, and members of …

Influence Of Acute Water Ingestion And Prolonged Standing On Raw Bioimpedance And Subsequent Body Fluid And Composition Estimates, Grant M. Tinsley, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Christian Rodriguez, Jacob R. Dellinger, Baylor A. Johnson, Robert W. Smith, Eric T. Trexler

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the influence of acute water ingestion and maintaining an upright posture on raw bioimpedance and subsequent estimates of body fluids and composition. Twenty healthy adults participated in a randomized crossover study. In both conditions, an overnight food and fluid fast was followed by an initial multi-frequency bioimpedance assessment (InBody 770). Participants then ingested 11 mL/kg of water (water condition) or did not (control condition) during a 5-minute period. Thereafter, bioimpedance assessments were performed every 10 minutes for one hour with participants remaining upright throughout. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the influence of condition and …

Encouraging Healthier Habits In Children, Krysta Hughes

IPS/BAS 495 Undergraduate Capstone Projects

Childhood obesity rates in America are the highest they've ever been. In this research we are focused on encouraging healthier habits in children. The method used was an observational, cross-sectional online survey of 5 children and 4 parents. All of the children and parents wanted to pick healthier behaviors after reading my book. A Qualtrics survey was used to record each surveyor's response. Further research on this topic should include researching how many children have began to implement healthier habits and measure if the rate of obesity in children has been affected through yearly health visits.

Influence Of Fertilizer Rate On Swollen Stem Formation (“Bulbing”) And Vitamin C Content In Different Kohlrabi Cultivars, Mark Iradukunda, Paul E. Read

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Gongylodes Group) is a vegetable crop found in the Brassicaceae, and it is rich in antioxidants such as vitamin C. Vitamin C helps in oxidative damage repair and strengthens the immune system, so exploring vitamin C sources may contribute to improving human health. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different fertilizer rates on kohlrabi yield, in terms of the swollen stem and the vitamin C content, and if those effects are similar in different kohlrabi cultivars. In this greenhouse study, we fertilized four potted kohlrabi cultivars with a common water-soluble greenhouse fertilizer …

Ingredient Classification Using Food Ontology, Ricky Flores

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

A food label provides some of the most crucial information for a food product. The food label is a key resource for many health-conscious consumers for understanding ingredients. It is also vital for individuals to avoid food allergens or help patients follow dietary recommendations. While the food labels in the United States are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) many labels contain additional information or statements that are not regulated. Moreover, the food label may be complex or contain terminology that the layperson may not understand. Evidence has indicated that consumers often find nutrition labels confusing, especially when …

Tissue Losses And Metabolic Adaptations Both Contribute To The Reduction In Resting Metabolic Rate Following Weight Loss, Alexandra Martin, Darius Fox, Chaise A. Murphy, Hande Hofmann, Karsten Koehler

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the contributions of the loss of energy-expending tissues and metabolic adaptations to the reduction in resting metabolic rate (RMR) following weight loss.

METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted on data from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy study. Changes in RMR, body composition, and metabolic hormones were examined over 12 months of calorie restriction in 109 individuals. The contribution of tissue losses to the decline in RMR was determined by weighing changes in the size of energy-expending tissues and organs (skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, bone, brain, inner organs, residual mass) …

What Kigali’S Open‑Air Markets Reveal About Achieving Food And Nutrition Security: The Role Of African Indigenous Crops, Eugene Baraka, Mary S. Willis, Brice A. Ishimwe

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public health issues; therefore, factors that shape food and nutrition security are of utmost concern. Globally, the variety of foods available in open-air markets has been shown to affect dietary diversity. Furthermore, the consumption of indigenous foods can contribute to a diverse diet and improve nutrition status. At present, there are limited data on foods available for purchase in open-air markets in Africa. …

Potential Effectiveness Of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists In Healthy Behavior Interventions For Managing Type 2 Diabetes In Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Laurel Dobrow, Isabella Estrada, Nasira Burkholder-Cooley, John Miklavcic

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose: A systematic review was conducted to assess how the involvement of a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) in healthy behavior interventions (HBIs) potentially affects outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Literature was searched for primary research published between 2016 and 2020 on HBI involving a RDN affecting outcomes in older adults with T2D. Evaluations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, anthropometry, body composition, medication usage, healthcare cost, and self-efficacy and/or adherence to healthy behaviors outcomes were selected for inclusion. All the literature included were summarized, evaluated for certainty of evidence criteria, and assessed …

Preliminary Evidence That Lectins In Infant Soy Formula Apparently Bind Bovine Milk Exosomes And Prevent Their Absorption In Healthy Adults, Ezra Mutai, Alice Kah Hui Ngu, Janos Zempleni

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse effects of formula feeding may be compounded by using soy formulas due to exosome binding by abundant lectins in that matrix. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of milk exosomes and their miR cargos added to soy formula in adults, as well as the potential role of soy lectins in exosome …

Omega-6 And Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Derived Oxylipins From The Lipoxygenase Pathway In Maternal And Umbilical Cord Plasma At Delivery And Their Relationship With Infant Growth, Maranda Thompson, Arzu Ulu, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes, Maheswari Mukherjee, Melissa K. Thoene, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Elizabeth Lyden, Ann Anderson-Berry, Corrine K. Hanson, Tara M. Nordgren, Sathish Kumar Natarajan

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are important for neonatal development and health. One mechanism by which omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids exert their effects is through their metabolism into oxylipins and specialized pro-resolving mediators. However, the influence of oxylipins on fetal growth is not well understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify oxylipins present in maternal and umbilical cord plasma and investigate their relationship with infant growth. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify oxylipin levels in plasma collected at the time of delivery. Spearman’s correlations highlighted significant correlations between metabolite levels and infant growth. They …