Kinesiology Commons^™

Wright State University College Of Education And Human Services Annual Report, July 1, 2009-June 30, 2010, College Of Education And Human Services, Wright State University

College of Education and Human Services Annual Reports

This Wright State University College of Education and Human Services annual report is from July 1, 2009 through June 30, 2010.

Contradictory Values And Rules: The Case Of Olympic Sports, Sarah Teetzel

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Gender and Sport track.

This paper examines the concepts of sex/gender, rules, and values using a case study of the eligibility requirements for participating in the Olympic Games. As a global event that attracts more than one billion viewers, the impact of the Olympic Games is substantial. Stemming from a larger project that questions whether rules governing participation in the Olympics function to facilitate the attainment of the values and ideals associated with the Olympic Games, this paper focuses on the tension between the Olympic Charter’s mandate of non-discrimination and specific rules found within …

Concurrent Visual Feedback, Practice Organization, And Spatial Aiming Accuracy In Rapid Movement Sequences, David E. Sherwood‡, Brian Duffell*

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 3(2) : 78-91, 2010. While the availability of visual feedback is a well-known factor influencing the accuracy of rapid aiming movements, little is known about how vision might interact with a contextual variable like practice organization. In the current study, the interaction of concurrent visual feedback (CVF) and practice organization on aiming movement accuracy was investigated in the dominant limb of 40 college-aged participants. Participants performed “triplets” of rapid aiming movements with a lightweight lever in the sagittal plane involving short (20°), medium (40°), long (60°) distances and were randomly assigned to one of four groups …

The Effect Of Pharmacological Treatment On Gait Biomechanics In Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients, Jessie M. Huisinga, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Background: Pharmacological treatment has been advocated as a first line therapy for Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) patients suffering from intermittent claudication. Previous studies document the ability of pharmacological treatment to increase walking distances. However, the effect of pharmacological treatment on gait biomechanics in PAD patients has not been objectively evaluated as is common with other gait abnormalities. Methods: Sixteen patients were prescribed an FDA approved drug (Pentoxifylline or Cilostazol) for the treatment of symptomatic PAD. Patients underwent baseline gait testing prior to medication use which consisted of acquisition of ground reaction forces and kinematics while walking in a pain free …

Biomechanics Of Staircase Exercises., Sami Faris Almashaqbeh

Student Works (2010-2019)

Exercises provide many important health benefit to individuals. People should therefore be encouraged to change their life style by including some kinds of physical activities into their daily routines. A staircase provides free and easy access as a tool for exercising. A wide variety of exercises has been proposed to be done on a staircase. Among them are walking up and down stairs ' with the hands behind the head, walking holding dumbbells, walking in cross-step manner, and lateral stepping. The joint-specific differences in the kinematics and kinetics patterns between such exercises and regular stair climbing may be used to …

Thrombin And Exercise Similarly Influence Expression Of Cell Cycle Genes In Cultured Putative Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Michael M. Lockard, Sarah Witkowski, Nathan T. Jenkins, Espen E. Spangenburg, Thomas O. Obisesan, James M. Hagberg

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

Acute exercise and exercise training may influence putative endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number and colony forming units (CFU-ECs), although the mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the effects of in vitro thrombin supplementation and acute exercise on CFU-EC gene expression, associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. The effect of habitual physical activity was evaluated through analysis of EPCs from chronically high- and low-active men. Participants were healthy high- and low-active men (n = 23), aged 55-80 yr. Circulating CD34+/VEGFR2+ number, CFU-ECs, plasma prothrombin fragment (F1+2), and thrombin-antithrombin III were measured at rest and after 30 min of exercise. Gene expression …

Hydrodynamic Fin Function Of Brief Squid, Lolliguncula Brevis, William J. Stewart, Ian K. Bartol, Paul S. Krueger

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Although the pulsed jet is often considered the foundation of a squid's locomotive system, the lateral fins also probably play an important role in swimming, potentially providing thrust, lift and dynamic stability as needed. Fin morphology and movement vary greatly among squid species, but the locomotive role of the fins is not well understood. To begin to elucidate the locomotive role of the fins in squids, fin hydrodynamics were studied in the brief squid Lolliguncula brevis, a species that exhibits a wide range of fin movements depending on swimming speed. Individual squid were trained to swim in both the …

Comparison Of A Reduced Carbohydrate And Reduced Fat Diet For Ldl, Hdl, And Vldl Subclasses During 9-Months Of Weight Maintenance Subsequent To Weight Loss, James D. Lecheminant, Bryan K. Smith, Eric C. Westman, Mary C. Vernon, Joseph E. Donnelly

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study compared LDL, HDL, and VLDL subclasses in overweight or obese adults consuming either a reduced carbohydrate (RC) or reduced fat (RF) weight maintenance diet for 9 months following significant weight loss. Methods: Thirty-five (21 RC; 14 RF) overweight or obese middle-aged adults completed a 1-year weight management clinic. Participants met weekly for the first six months and bi-weekly thereafter. Meetings included instruction for diet, physical activity, and behavior change related to weight management. Additionally, participants followed a liquid very low-energy diet of ~2092 kJ per day for the first three months of the study. Subsequently, participants followed …

Resistance Training Increases The Expression Of Ampk, Mtor, And Glut4 In Previously Sedentary Subjects And Subjects With The Metabolic Syndrome., Andrew Steven Layne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Exercise has been considered a cornerstone of diabetes prevention and treatment for decades, but the benefits of resistance training are less clear. Nineteen non-diabetic subjects (10 metabolic syndrome, 9 sedentary controls) underwent 8 weeks of supervised resistance training. After training, strength and V̇ O_2max increased by 10% in both groups. Percent body fat decreased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Additionally, lean body mass increased in both groups (p<0.05). Expression of glucose transporter protein-4 (GLUT4), the principle insulin-responsive glucose transporter, increased significantly in both groups. 5-adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression increased in both groups, indicating increased protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Markers of insulin resistance measured by a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp did not improve in subjects with the metabolic syndrome but increased significantly in control subjects (13%). Resistance training upregulates intracellular signaling pathways that may be beneficial for ameliorating the metabolic syndrome.

Effect Of Deep Oscillation Therapy On The Reduction Of Swelling And Pain Following Acute Ankle Sprain, Lisa Marie Friesen

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Context: Deep oscillation therapy is a novel form of therapy that claims to reduce the amount of pain and swelling in acute orthopedic injuries. However, these claims are based on anecdotal evidence and there have not been any published studies on the efficacy of deep oscillation therapy in reduction of pain and swelling. Due to the prevalence of ankle sprains in physically active individuals, this study compared the effect of deep oscillation therapy in reduction of pain and swelling to conventional treatment. Objective: To compare the effect of deep oscillation therapy on pain and swelling resulting from acute ankle sprains …

Influence Of Genotype Variations On Markers Of Skeletal Muscle Recovery From Heavy Endurance Exercise, And On Responses To Carbohydrate-Protein Supplementation, Qingnian Goh

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: This study examined the influence of genotype polymorphisms (specifically ACTN3 R577X, IGF-II C13790C, IGF-II G17200A, IGF2AS A1364C, IGF2AS G11711T) on markers of skeletal muscle recovery following an acute bout of heavy endurance exercise, and assessed their role in determining individual responses to carbohydrate-protein supplementation. Methods: Twelve trained male cyclists completed repeated cycling trials, each consisting of an initial session of glycogen-depleting exercise, followed four hours later by a >1 hr time-trial on a computerized cycle ergometer (VeloTron, Racermate, Inc). Subjects were randomly administered a high-carbohydrate low-protein (HCLP), or carbohydrate-only (CHO) beverage, which was consumed immediately and 2-hours post glycogen …

The Relationship Between Blood Iron Markers, Nutritional Intakes And Bone Mineral Density, Leah Dawn Morrison

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between serum ferritin (sFer) levels, nutrient intake of iron, calcium and vitamin D and bone mineral density (BMD) in female collegiate athletes. It was hypothesized that if an individual had low sFer (20µg/L. An independent T-test also showed no mean differences in BMD levels at any site when the group was divided into high and low sFer levels. CONCLUSION: There was no correlation between sFer level and BMD or between BMD and intake levels of iron, calcium or vitamin D, in female collegiate athletes participating in weight bearing sports. …

Effects Of Strengthening Exercises On Forward Shoulder Posture In Division In Competitive Female Swimmers, Rachel Lynn Ondek

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract Forward shoulder posture in the repetitive overhead athlete has been isolated as a possible predisposition for injury. Shoulder strengthening and stretching programs have displayed benefits for overhead athletes such as swimmers to decrease risk of impingement, labral issues, and other shoulder pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strengthening exercises on forward shoulder posture in female overhead athletes. Thirty-one Division I female collegiate competitive swimmers were divided into 3 groups: control, strengthening, and combination of stretching and strengthening. The two intervention groups were assigned a 16 session strength-only or a combined strength and stretching …

The Efficacy Of Caffeine Supplementation In Collegiate Tennis Players And The Magnitude Of Improvement In Tennis Skill Mediated By Caffeine Influenced By A Polymorphism Of The Cyp1a2 Gene, Courtney Klein

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: This study examined the efficacy of caffeine supplementation on tennis performance in male and female collegiate tennis players and whether a polymorphism of the CYP1A2 gene influenced the ergogenic response to caffeine. Methods: Eighteen collegiate tennis players (9 male; 9 female) completed two separate trials. Each test occurred one hour after the administration of either 6 mg/kg of caffeine or a placebo, administered in double-blind fashion. The treadmill portion was comprised of 15 minutes at a velocity corresponding with 50% VO2max followed by 30 minutes of intermittent sprints (5 seconds at 80% VO2max, 15 seconds at 50% VO2max). 90 …

Altered Carbohydrate And Protein Content In Sports Beverages: Influence On Recovery From Heavy Endurance Exercise, Christopher Boop

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of different carbohydrate-protein recovery beverages following heavy endurance exercise. Methods: Twelve well-trained male cyclists completed a glycogen-depleting trial followed by a 4 hour recovery period before completing a simulated 20-km time trial. During the recovery period, subjects consumed one of three isocaloric beverages [high-carbohydrate/low-protein (HCLP); low-carbohydrate/high-protein (LCHP); carbohydrate (CHO)] at 0h and 2h, as well as immediately following the 20-km time trial. Creatine kinase (CK), muscle soreness, isometric peak torque (MVC), and mental/physical fatigue/energy ratings were measured pre- and post trial. Glucose and lactate were measured during the glycogen …

The Independent And Combined Effects Of Carbohydrate And Caffeine Ingestion On Cycling Performance, Tiffany L. Acker

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the independent and combined effects of carbohydrate and caffeine ingestion on performance and physiological parameters during high-intensity aerobic cycling (~60 minutes). Methods: Ten cyclists (28 ± 3 yr, 73.2 ± 1.9 kg) performed 20 minutes of steady-state cycling (60% Wmax) followed by a simulated 20-km time trial (TT) under the following four treatment conditions: placebo (PLA), carbohydrate (CHO), caffeine (CAF), and a combination of CHO and CAF (CHO-CAF). One hour prior to exercise subjects ingested a placebo/caffeine capsule. Beverages (250 ml) were consumed immediately prior to the 20-min steady-state, immediately prior …

Asymmetry Of Force Fluctuation During Low Intensity Isometric Contraction In Leg Muscle, Kazushige Oshita†, Sumio Yano‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 3(2) : 68-77, 2010. The purpose of this study was to investigate the asymmetry of force fluctuation in the leg muscles during isometric knee extension and flexion. Twenty healthy males (21±2 years) performed the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) in knee extensor and flexor. On the basis of MVC measurement, the subjects performed sustained isometric knee extension and flexion for 15s at levels corresponding to 10%, 20% and 30% MVC. The main findings of this study were: (1) a greater force fluctuation was found in the stronger MVC limb than in the weaker MVC limb at …

Basketball’S Forgotten Experiment: Don Barksdale And The Legacy Of The United States Olympic Basketball Team, Chad R. Carlson

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The 1948 United States Olympic basketball team has largely been fotgotten in the annals of American history despite taking a major step toward racial integration in American sports. Don Barksdale, the first African American to represent the US on the hardwood in the Olympics, joined nine players from the American South and legendary University of Kentucky coach, Adolph Rupp - a man notoriously identified as a racist. While Barksdale experienced very little racial mistreatment during the London Olympics, the lead-up to the Games reveals America's ambiguous views on race relations. During training in the segregated states of Oklahoma and Kentucky, …

Differences In Aerobic Response To Wheelchair Locomotion, David Pomfret

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in the aerobic response to wheeling between wheelchair dependent individuals and able-bodied individuals of similar genders and ages. Five wheelchair dependent men (WC) and five able-bodied men (AB) performed a 13 minute wheeling test (5 min. at rest, 8 min. wheeling) at 4.0 km∙hr-1. Heart rate (HR) and VO2 were recorded using a Vmax ST system during the constant speed test. There was no significant difference in HR or VO2 between the two groups during rest. Both HR and VO2 were higher for WC during exercise. The mean METS during …

Effects Of Varying Amounts Of Pronation On The Mediolateral Ground Reaction Forces During Barefoot Versus Shod Running, Joanna B. Morley, Leslie M. Decker, Tracy Dierks, Daniel Blanke, Jeffrey French, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Despite extensive research on running mechanics, there is still a knowledge gap with respect to the degree of relationship between mediolateral ground reaction forces (ML-GRF) and foot pronation. Our goal was to investigate whether differences exist in ML-GRF among runners that exhibit different degrees of pronation. Seventeen male and 13 female recreational runners ran with and without shoes while ML-GRF and frontal kinematics were collected simultaneously. Subjects were divided into groups based upon their peak eversion (low pronation, middle pronation, high pronation). Discrete parameters from the ML-GRF were peak forces, respective times of occurrence, and impulses. No significant differences were …