Muscle Blood Flow Is Independent Of Conduit Artery Diameter Following Prior Vasodilation In Males,
2021
Adrian College
Muscle Blood Flow Is Independent Of Conduit Artery Diameter Following Prior Vasodilation In Males, Timothy R. Rotarius, Jakob D. Lauver, John R. Thistlethwaite, Barry W. Scheuermann
Kinesiology
At the onset of exercise in humans, muscle blood flow (MBF) increases to a new steady-state that closely matches the metabolic demand of exercise. This increase has been attributed to “contraction-induced vasodilation,” comprised of the skeletal muscle pump and rapid vasodilatory mechanisms. While most research in this area has focused on forearm blood flow (FBF) and vascular conductance, it is possible that separating FBF into diameter and blood velocity can provide more useful information on MBF regulation downstream of the conduit artery. Therefore, we attempted to dissociate the matching of oxygen delivery and oxygen demand by administering glyceryl tri-nitrate (GTN) …
Influence Of Body Composition, Velocity Profiles, And Sex-Related Differences On Army Combat Fitness Test Performance,
2021
University of Central Florida
Influence Of Body Composition, Velocity Profiles, And Sex-Related Differences On Army Combat Fitness Test Performance, David Boffey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) will become the United States Army's mandatory physical fitness test in March of 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ACFT performance and both body composition and velocity profiles, and to determine sex differences for these variables. Data was collected in November 2020 (Fall) and March 2021 (Spring) from male (n = 55) and female (n = 17) Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Body composition was assessed with a bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) device, and cadets completed a squat jump (SJ) force-velocity profile (FVP) and a hex …
Comparison Of The Times To Exhaustion, Physiological, Perceptual, And Neuromusuclar Responses During Constant Heart Rate, Constant Vo2, And Constant Power Exercise,
2021
University of Kentucky
Comparison Of The Times To Exhaustion, Physiological, Perceptual, And Neuromusuclar Responses During Constant Heart Rate, Constant Vo2, And Constant Power Exercise, Pasquale Jiovanni Succi
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
The purposes of this study were to: 1) Determine if there are differences in the sustainability of exercise when anchored at critical heart rate (CHR), the VO2 associated with CHR (VO2CHR), or the power output associated with CHR (PCHR); 2) examine the patterns of responses in power output, metabolic (heart rate [HR], VO2, respiration rate [RR]), neuromuscular (electromyographic [EMG] amplitude [AMP], mean power frequency [MPF], mechanomyographic [MMG] AMP and MPF, perceptual (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), and muscle oxygenation responses (%SmO2) during exercise anchored by HR, VO2, and power output; and …
Examination Of Sex- And Limb-Specific Fatigue During Unilateral, Isometric Forearm Exercise,
2021
University of Kentucky
Examination Of Sex- And Limb-Specific Fatigue During Unilateral, Isometric Forearm Exercise, Caleb Christian Voskuil
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of unilateral, isometric handgrip holds to failure for the dominant (Dm) and non-dominant (NDm) limb on ipsilateral ([IPS] exercised side) and contralateral ([CON] non-exercised side) performance fatigability. Twenty individuals participated in this study (Men [n =10]; Women [n = 10; Composite Demographics: Age: 22.2 years; Height: 174.4 cm; Body Mass: 75.0 kg) and completed three visits. Two, 6 s maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) for the Dm and NDm limb were performed during visit 1, followed by a familiarization of the fatigue test. Visits 2 and 3 included an isometric, …
Quadriceps Recruitment And Twitch Properties In Lean And Obese Women Before And After Fatiguing Exercise,
2021
University of Kentucky
Quadriceps Recruitment And Twitch Properties In Lean And Obese Women Before And After Fatiguing Exercise, Rebekah Seay Carpenter
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
Skeletal muscle strength, specifically that of the anti-gravitational muscles such as the quadriceps, is essential for performing dynamic tasks including walking, navigating stairs, and transitioning between sitting and standing. Obesity has been shown to negatively impact musculoskeletal function and decrease quadriceps strength relative to body weight. Additionally, obesity has been linked with higher rates of fatigue and lower strength outcomes following a test of muscular endurance of the quadriceps. Since obesity lowers relative strength, it is likely that quadriceps muscle weakness contributes to reduced physical function of dynamic tasks. However, to date, the precise mechanism for obesity-induced muscle weakness has …
The Acute Effect Of High Intensity Resistance Training On Subsequent Firefighter Performance,
2021
University of Kentucky
The Acute Effect Of High Intensity Resistance Training On Subsequent Firefighter Performance, Mark Ryan Mason
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
High intensity resistance training (HIRT) is commonly performed by structural firefighters to enhance preparedness for occupational demands. Despite the potential for HIRT to induce beneficial adaptations over time, it is important to determine if a single on-duty HIRT session is detrimental to subsequent occupational physical ability due to exercise-induced fatigue. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to assess the acute effect of HIRT on occupational physical ability in structural firefighters and to determine the time course of recovery. The secondary purpose was to determine if timed completion of a standardized bout of HIRT was correlated to occupational performance …
Quantification Of In-Play Competition Demands Of Collegiate American Football Players Using Global Positioning Systems,
2021
University of Kentucky
Quantification Of In-Play Competition Demands Of Collegiate American Football Players Using Global Positioning Systems, Alex Brownell
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
There is limited information describing the competition demands of American football. A greater understanding of competition demands will allow strength and conditioning practitioners to create appropriate training programs to enhance athlete readiness and performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the competition demands of collegiate American football players using global positioning systems (GPS), specifically comparing the in-play GPS versus out-of-play GPS outcomes. Twenty-two American football athletes (Age: 20.8 ± 0.9 yr, Height: 190.2 ± 4.7 cm, Body mass: 113.4 ± 22.3 kg) were monitored during 12 regular season competitions over 13 weeks. Athletes were divided into specific …
Biomechanics Of The Lower Back During Repetitive Deadlifts, With And Without Body Armor,
2021
University of Kentucky
Biomechanics Of The Lower Back During Repetitive Deadlifts, With And Without Body Armor, Vanessa J. Ramirez
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
Background: Low back pain is a significant problem and one of the primary musculoskeletal-related conditions affecting active-duty service members [1]. Since more than two-thirds of U.S. soldier occupational tasks involve lifting from floor level to waist height [2], increasing individual lifting capacity is strongly correlated with performance with these tasks [3]. Training for the first Army Combat Fitness Test event (3RM deadlift) to improve lifting capacity directly relates to performing carrying/lifting military tasks. One training modality that can be used in training programs to improve lifting capacity is repetitions-to-failure (RTF) or repetitive lifting to volitional failure [4-8]. RTF is widely …
The Effects Of Turn Amplitude And Spatial Frequency On The Energetic Cost Of Running,
2021
Humboldt State University
The Effects Of Turn Amplitude And Spatial Frequency On The Energetic Cost Of Running, Adam B. Grimmitt
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Compared to road running, those who run off-road face many unique challenges that impact their running mechanics and energetics. Current literature fails to address how the turns encountered on off-road paths might influence running performance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of turn angle and frequency on the energetic cost of running. Twelve young adult runners (21±3 years) who run ≥ 30 miles/week and who can run < 22 min for 5 kilometers participated in this study. All subject performed four trials: one straight path trial and three turning paths trials with combined spatial frequencies (ξ- cycles per meter) and amplitudes (meters) of 0.083SF:4AMP, 0.167SF:4AMP, and 0.167SF:2AMP, respectively. Using breath by breath portable gas analysis, we measured V̇O2 and V̇CO2 in the last 2 minutes of each 6-minute trial to determine metabolic power (Watt/kg). Statistical analysis utilized a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a post-hoc paired-sampled T-test to evaluate differences in energetic costs between paths. Compared to a virtually straight path, runners on average consumed 14% and 27% more metabolic energy on a path with turns of 0.167:2 (p=.002) and 0.167:4 (p
Meeting The Mental Health Needs Of Student-Athletes: A Descriptive Study Of Practitioners And Their Perspectives,
2021
West Virginia University
Meeting The Mental Health Needs Of Student-Athletes: A Descriptive Study Of Practitioners And Their Perspectives, William C. Way Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Efforts are being made to promote mental health awareness and destigmatize help-seeking behavior among student-athletes (e.g., Kern et al., 2017). The availability and visibility of practitioners with specialized training in sport psychology can facilitate these efforts (e.g., Flowers, 2007; Carr, 2007; McDuff et al., 2005). However, some student-athletes have observed that the clinical sport psychology (CSP) practitioners who are available to them are being stretched thin (Way et al., 2020). In the context of collegiate mental health more broadly, many campus counseling centers are struggling to meet the demand for clinical services (e.g., Kafka, 2019). Research on the experiences and …
Conservative Clothing Effects On Body Composition Assessment By Air Displacement Plethysmography,
2021
San Jose State University
Conservative Clothing Effects On Body Composition Assessment By Air Displacement Plethysmography, Shaun L. Orvell, Kasuen Mauldin, John Gieng
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 687-695, 2021. Form-fitting spandex swimsuits or single-layer compression shorts are recommended during BOD POD® testing to ensure accurate results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various outfit types on body composition measurements using the BOD POD®, and self-reported comfort level wearing each outfit. Twenty-one participants, 8 females and 13 males, (age 31.6 ± 9.8 years) wore a spandex swim cap and three different outfits during BOD POD® testing (manufacturer-recommended form-fitting spandex swimsuit, short sleeve spandex, long sleeve spandex). Measured variables include body mass, body fat percentage, body volume, and …
Organizational Effectiveness Measures And Their Relationship To Donor Contributions,
2021
Utah State University
Organizational Effectiveness Measures And Their Relationship To Donor Contributions, James T. Morton, Chris Hanna
Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational effectiveness measures and donor contributions for National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletic departments. For this study, donor contributions were used as a proxy for donors’ perception of organizational effectiveness for these athletic departments. Using a combination of the goals attainment model (Price, 1972) and the strategic constituencies model (Connolly, Conlon, & Deutsch, 1980) the effectiveness measures used were athletic performance, student athlete welfare, and student athlete academic success. The whole of Division I, as well as the three subdivisions, were examined for the five-year period from 2013 …
Sleep And Athletic Performance Of Formula 1 Race Car Drivers During The 2019 Season,
2021
Eastern Michigan University
Sleep And Athletic Performance Of Formula 1 Race Car Drivers During The 2019 Season, Alexander Pollack
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Sufficient, good quality sleep is associated with better performance in many sports; however, this relationship has not been examined among motorsport athletes. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between sleep quality (SQ), sleep duration (SD), and performance metrics among professional racecar drivers. During the 2019 season, five Formula 1 drivers reported SQ, SD, and hours of time change for each race. Performance data (finishing position and points earned) were obtained from a public website. Relationships between sleep variables and driving performance were examined using correlations. Correlations between SQ and driving performance were not significant. SD and …
Predictability Of Vo2max From Three Commercially Available Devices,
2021
Eastern Michigan University
Predictability Of Vo2max From Three Commercially Available Devices, Luke Daniel Mccormick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The Polar V800TM, A300TM, and Garmin Forerunner 235TM predict VO2max from a submaximal effort. Purpose: To examine the predictability of VO2max from two heart rate monitors (Device A and V) and a global positioning system (GPS) watch compared to measured VO2max. Methods: Forty participants, 22 males and 18 females ages 18 to 55, came to the Running Science Laboratory at Eastern Michigan University. During visit 1, participants completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) to determine VO2max. At visit 2, each device’s protocol was followed to estimate VO2max. Pearson correlations, repeated measures ANOVA, and a paired samples t-test were utilized …
Vascular Responses To High-Intensity Battling Rope Exercise Between The Sexes,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Vascular Responses To High-Intensity Battling Rope Exercise Between The Sexes, Erica M. Marshall, Jason C. Parks, Tyler J. Singer, Yu Lun Tai, Alexa R. Debord, Stacie M. Humm, J. Derek Kingsley
Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications
The purpose of the study was to assess high-intensity battling rope exercise (HI-BRE) on hemodynamics, pulse wave reflection and arterial stiffness during recovery and between sexes. Twenty-three young, healthy resistance-trained individuals (men: n = 13; women: n = 10) were assessed for all measures at Rest, as well as 10-, 30-, and 60-minutes following HI-BRE. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of HI-BRE across time (Rest, 10, 30, and 60-minutes) on all dependent variables. Significant main effects were analyzed using paired t-tests with a Sidak correction factor. Significance was accepted a priori at p 0.05. …
Impact Of Covid-19 On Ohio's National Parks Visitation,
2021
The University of Akron
Impact Of Covid-19 On Ohio's National Parks Visitation, Ryan Grzeschik
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed the way in which society operates in order to get the novel disease under control. Businesses throughout the United States have had to close or reduce provided services, stay at home orders have secluded many people, and social distancing limits contact between others so many are turning to the parks system to cope with these changes. This study aims to find how the visitation of national parks in Ohio have been affected through the first six months of the pandemic. Visitation statistics were compared from March to August of 2020 to those same months …
Visual Tracking Speed And Soccer Performance Metrics,
2021
University of Mississippi
Visual Tracking Speed And Soccer Performance Metrics, Julia Paige Phillips
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Visual training has previously been shown to correlate to sport specific level of training and sport specific performance measures in controlled conditions. However, it remains unclear if these relationships exist between visual tracking thresholds and in competition decision making metrics over the duration of a soccer season. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between visual tracking speed (VTS) baseline scores and soccer-specific performance measures. In total, 19 NCAA Division I soccer players were tested before the 2021 spring soccer season, after exclusionary criteria only 13 were utilized for analysis. VTS was measured from 1-core session …
Power Amplification Strategies Across Animals,
2021
The University of Akron
Power Amplification Strategies Across Animals, Rayhan Asif
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
Animals use muscles for movement, but some have evolved mechanisms to exceed maximum power used in a motion known as power amplification. In this literature review, I analyzed and compared the evolution of structures capable of power amplification between species. Structures capable of power amplification were broken down into the basic components of the engine, amplifier, and tool. The species analyzed were found to possess necessary structures for power amplification which were relatively similar to each other in morphology, but varied greatly in function. The ease with which these structures evolved was evaluated based on the amount of divergence which …
Examination Of Sex- And Intensity-Specific Fatigue During Bilateral Leg Extension Exercise,
2021
University of Kentucky
Examination Of Sex- And Intensity-Specific Fatigue During Bilateral Leg Extension Exercise, Taylor Kayln Dinyer
Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion
The purposes of this study were to: 1) examine sex-related differences in the performance of repetitions to failure below (CL-10%, CL-20%) and above (50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% 1RM) the critical load (CL) to make inferences regarding the mechanisms responsible for variability in the performance of repetitions to failure at varying loads; 2) examine the time course of neuromuscular and muscle oxygen saturation responses during the performance of repetitions to failure below and above the CL; 3) to make inferences regarding motor unit activation strategies used to maintain force during the completion of repetitions below and …
Modern Dance, Embodiment, And Society: The Graham Technique’S Resistance To Conditioned Physicality,
2021
CUNY City College
Modern Dance, Embodiment, And Society: The Graham Technique’S Resistance To Conditioned Physicality, Cara Mcmanus
Dissertations and Theses
Martha Graham, foremost pioneer of American Modern dance, is the originator and developer of what is known today as the Graham technique. When this technique is removed from performative contexts, the philosophy of its practice can add insight to a discussion of embodiment and what it means to resist socially prescribed embodiments. This paper will examine the ways in which the Graham technique cultivates awareness of embodiment’s origins and processual nature, and therefore how a conscious resistance to social conditioning can arise. The neuroscientific and physiological processes behind this cultivation of awareness will be discussed, and several examples of resistance …
