Kinesiology Commons^™

Prolonged Load Carriage Impacts Magnitude And Velocity Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Gaervyn John Salverda

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Adopting knee adduction biomechanics during prolonged load carriage, a common military occupational activity, may increase service members knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk. Although service members reportedly increase knee adduction motions and moments during prolonged load carriage, it is unknown if either body borne load or walk duration increases velocity of knee adduction biomechanics, and subsequent knee OA risk. Varus thrust and alignment are also related to greater knee OA risk, yet it is unknown whether varus thrust and/or alignment are related to magnitude and velocity of knee adduction biomechanics during prolonged load carriage. Purpose: To determine whether body borne load …

The Effects Of The Dual-Tasking: Walking While Texting On Slip Recovery Mechanics, Ileana Abril Jarquin

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: The number of induced falls has increased exponentially over the last decade. Previous studies have determined that the cognitive demands of texting affect the processing of cognitive and motor tasks.Research question: What effect does the dual-tasking of texting and walking has on slip recovery mechanics? Methods: Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected while 20 participants between the ages of 18 and 30 years three different conditions; 1) baseline, 2) walking + slip perturbation, and 3) texting and walking + slip perturbation. Results: Walking speed, numbers of falls, and recovery time from the slip were not affected by the texting dual-task. …

Epoc Comparison Between Resistance Training And High-Intensity Interval Training In Aerobically Fit Women, Beau K. Greer, Julie O'Brien, Lyndsey Hornbuckle, Lynn B. Panton

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Previous research has shown that various modes of exercise may elicit significant increases in resting metabolism for up to 24 hours post-exercise, but typically using untrained or moderately active subjects. The purpose of the present study was to compare excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) between circuit-style resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in young, aerobically fit women. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, seven participants reported to the laboratory for evening and morning baseline resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurements via indirect calorimetry. Participants fasted and slept overnight in the laboratory between RMR measurements. Following the morning …

Effects Of Acute Beta-Alanine Ingestion And Immersion-Plus-Exercise On Connectedness To Nature And Perceived Pain, R. W. Salatto, Graham R. Mcginnis, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Jacob W. Manning, Mark Debeliso, James W. Navalta

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

This double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study examined the effect of induced painful sensation (via acute Beta Alanine (B-ALA) ingestion) on Love and Care of Nature (LCN), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) during outdoor exercise. Twenty participants volunteered on consecutive days to complete a 0.8 km (0.5 mi) up-hill hike after consuming either B-ALA (6.4 g) or placebo. Immediately after consumption participants answered LCN, RPE, and MPQ questionnaires, immersed in a natural environment for 45 min, and then completed a hike as quickly as possible without running. No difference in HR (p = 0.846), …

Body Mass-Normalized Moderate Dose Of Dietary Nitrate Intake Improves Endothelial Function And Walking Capacity In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Tesean Wooden, Santosh K. Yadav, Song-Young Park

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in the lower extremity conduit arteries, which impairs blood flow and walking capacity. Dietary nitrate has been used to reduce blood pressure (BP) and improve walking capacity in PAD. However, a standardized dose for PAD has not been determined. Therefore, we sought to determine the effects of a body mass-normalized moderate dose of nitrate (0.11 mmol nitrate/kg) as beetroot juice on serum nitrate/nitrite, vascular function, walking capacity, and tissue oxygen utilization capacity in patients with PAD. A total of 11 patients with PAD received either nitrate supplement or …

Hydration, Eating Attitudes And Behaviors In Age And Weight-Restricted Youth American Football Players, Susan W. Yeargin, Toni Torres-Mcgehee, Dawn Emerson, Jessica Koller, John Dickinson

Faculty Publications

There is a paucity of research examining hydration and nutrition behaviors in youth American football players. A potentially unique risk factor are league restrictions based on weight (WR) or age (AR). The purpose of this study was to examine hydration status between WR and AR leagues. The secondary purpose was to describe eating patterns in players. An observational cohort design with 63 youth football players (10 ± 1 yrs, 148.2 ± 9.4 cm, 44.9 ± 15.3 kg) was utilized. Independent variables were league (AR ( = 36); WR ( = 27)) and activity type (practice (PX = 8); game (GM …

Physical Performance Assessments Of Strength And Power In Women Collegiate Athletes, Brian Guthrie, Jennifer B. Fields, Brian Thompson, Margaret T. Jones

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 984-993, 2021. Limited research exists on physical performance assessments for women collegiate athletes. The current cross-sectional study compared field-based tests of muscular strength and power and investigated their relationship. Sports included field hockey, volleyball, soccer, and softball. Tests of one repetition maximum (1-RM) back squat, 1-RM bench press, vertical jump, and standing long jump were administered. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed differences across sports. Bivariate Pearson correlation coefficients examined relationships among tests. It was hypothesized sports with a higher anaerobic nature (volleyball, softball) would outperform those with higher aerobic nature (field hockey, …

Nontraumatic Injuries In The Ncaa: Collegiate Football Strength Coaches Should Exercise Caution This Off-Season, Andreas Stamatis, Marshall Magnusen

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 980-983, 2021. Strength and conditioning coaches were allegedly involved in pre-COVID-19 nontraumatic injuries/deaths (e.g., exertional heat illness, exertional rhabdomyolysis, cardiorespiratory failure) of NCAA (mainly football) student-athletes during off-season training sessions. During the COVID-19 health crisis, non-pharmaceutical interventions against the SARS-CoV-2 virus included suspension of NCAA seasons, which led to student-athletes exhibiting lower levels of mental health. All NCAA championships have now been reinstated. This summer the off-season is unique, because as several programs had stopped practicing/competing for several months, it may foster additional threats to the wellbeing of the student-athletes. Immediate supplementary action may …

Combined Physical Training Increases Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Levels, But Not Irisin In People Living With Hiv/Aids, Joice Cristina Dos Santos Trombeta, Roberto Carlos Vieira Junior, Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri, Ivan Luiz Padilha Bonfante, Jonato Prestes, Ramirez Alsamir Tibana, Morteza Ghayomzadeh, Vinicius Carolino Souza, Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi, James Wilfred Navalta, Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1004-1017, 2021. This study evaluated plasma levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), irisin, and lactate in people living with HIV/AIDS who completed a combined physical training program. Nineteen HIV⁺ participants (age: 39.60 ± 10.96 years; carrier time: 7.75 ± 7.88 years; time of ART: 6.41 ± 5.93 years) performed strength/aerobic training (combined physical training) in the same session for 8 weeks and levels of BDNF, irisin, and lactate were assessed. BDNF (pg/mL) was higher post-CPT (Pre: 1258.73 ± 372.30; Post: 1504.17 ± 322.30; p < 0.001). Irisin (ng/mL) showed no change (Pre: 115.61 ± 72.41; Post: 125.87 ± 81.14; p = 0.973). There was positive correlation between irisin …

Beta-Alanine Supplementation For Four Weeks Increases Volume Index And Reduces Perceived Effort Of Resistance-Trained Men: A Pilot Study., Julio Benvenutti Bueno De Camargo, Felipe Brigatto, Rafael Zaroni, Moises Germano, Raphael Conceicao, Alexandre Martins, Marcelo Aoki, Tiago Braz, Charles Lopes

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 994-1003, 2021. The aim of the present study was to assess the short-term effects of four weeks of beta-alanine supplementation (BA) (6.4 g/day) on the total volume performed and perceived effort of resistance-trained individuals. Sixteen trained men (age: 27.3 ± 5.0 years, height: 1.78 ± 0.1 cm, total body mass: 84.3 ± 8.4 kg, RT experience: 5.9 ± 3.3 years) were allocated in one of the following groups: BA or Placebo (PLA). In addition, during the same period, participants were submitted to a resistance training program. Volume index (VI) and the rate of perceived …

The Influence Of Overbuilt Versus Game-Permitted American Football Facemasks On Peripheral Visuomotor Ability In Ncaa Division I Football Athletes, Jai'rus L. Creamer, Rebecca R. Rogers, Courteney L. Benjamin Cscs, J. Patrick Marsh, Tyler D. Williams Cscs*D, Christopher G. Ballmann Facsm

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 2: Issue 1, Article 9, 2021. Heavier facemask reinforcement has been shown to impair reaction time. While overbuilt facemasks are illegal for gameplay at all levels of competition, empirical rationale for this has not be realized and it is unknown if overbuilt facemasks are worse for peripheral vision than permitted ones. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wearing an overbuilt facemask versus game permitted facemasks on peripheral visuomotor ability in collegiate football players. Male NCAA Division I football players (n=18) completed a 60-second peripheral visuomotor test on …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis On The Efficacy Of Stem Cell Therapy On Bone Brittleness In Mouse Models Of Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Lauren Battle, Shoshana Yakar, Alessandra Carriero

Publications and Research

There is no cure for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and current treatments can only partially correct the bone phenotype. Stem cell therapy holds potential to improve bone quality and quantity in OI. Here, we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to investigate the efficacy of stem cell therapy to rescue bone brittleness in mouse models of OI. Identified studies included bone marrow, mesenchymal stem cells, and human fetal stem cells. Effect size of fracture incidence, maximum load, stiffness, cortical thickness, bone volume fraction, and raw engraftment rates were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Cell type, cell number, injection …

Neuromuscular Control Strategy During Object Transport While Walking: Adaptive Integration Of Upper And Lower Limb Movements, Ahyoung Song

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

When carrying an object while walking, a significant challenge for the central nervous system (CNS) is to preserve the object’s stability against the inter-segmental interaction torques and ground reaction forces. Studies documented several strategies used by the CNS: modulation of grip force (GF), alterations in upper limb kinematics, and gait adaptations. However, the question of how the CNS organizes the multi-segmental joint and muscle coordination patterns to deal with gait-induced perturbations remains poorly understood. This dissertation aimed to explore the neuromuscular control strategy utilized by the CNS to transport an object during walking successfully. Study 1 examined the inter-limb coordination …

Evaluation Of Load Velocity Profiles With Varying Warm-Up Sets And Relative Intensities, Gabriel L. Perez, Samantha V. Narvaez, Joshua Carrillo, Misael Duque, Noel F. Medrano, Brett S. Nickerson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 971-979, 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of warm-up sets and relative intensity impacts the prediction of velocity-based one-repetition maximum (1RM) values. Twenty resistance-trained individuals (males: n = 10, females: n = 10) participated in this study. Warm-up sets consisted of subject’s bench-pressing loads at 50 (five-repetitions), 70 (three-repetitions), and 90% (one-repetition) of estimated 1RM. A maximum of four attempts were performed to determine 1RM, while recording mean concentric velocity (MCV)using a linear position transducer during warm-up and 1RM trials in order to develop load-velocity profiles. Specifically, four …

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation With The Halo Sport Does Not Improve Performance On A Three-Minute High Intensity Cycling Test, Collin Garner, Rachel Dykstra, Nicholas J. Hanson, Michael G. Miller

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 962-970, 2021. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) uses a weak electrical current that is sent through the cerebral cortex. The Halo Sport headphones are a user-friendly form of tDCS that is implemented by many athletes purportedly to improve performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tDCS, using the Halo Sport, on performance variables associated with a high-intensity three-minute cycling test. Eighteen healthy, active individuals (ten men, eight women) volunteered for this study. The Halo Sport headphones were worn during a 20-minute warmup before completing a high-intensity three-minute cycling test. …

Examining The Antecedent Role Of Movement Proficiency In Child Development: Study Protocol, Catherine M. Capio, Kerry Lee, Rachel A. Jones, Rich S. W. Masters

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Decades of research, largely from associational studies, show that the relationships of movement proficiency with the cognitive and social aspects of development are particularly strong in early childhood. Children who move proficiently tend to have better cognitive skills and social behaviors. However, the mechanisms that underpin these relationships remain unclear and research that explores causation is necessary. This study will explore the antecedent role of movement proficiency in the cognitive and social domains of child development, by examining whether a targeted movement skills training program facilitates improvements in cognitive and social skills.

Methods: A group-randomized controlled trial will be …

Object Control Skills Training For Children With Intellectual Disability: An Implementation Case Study, Catherine M. Capio, Kathlynne F. Eguia

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Children with intellectual disability (ID) tend to have difficulty with mastering fundamental movement skills, associated with cognitive deficits that impair skill acquisition. In this case study, motor learning evidence was transformed into an object control skills training program for children with ID in a school context. An implementation framework was used for program design, pilot, and evaluation. Research evidence on error-reduced motor learning was combined with practitioners’ insights to inform the program design. Children with ID in the participant school were allocated to a training or control group for the pilot; object control skills proficiency was the measured outcome. The …

Examining Supports And Barriers To Breastfeeding Through A Socio-Ecological Lens: A Qualitative Study, Kailey Snyder, Emily Hulse, Holly Dingman, Angie Cantrell, Corrine Hanson, Danae Dinkel

Journal Articles

Background

Early breastfeeding cessation is a societal concern given its importance to the health of mother and child. More effective interventions are needed to increase breastfeeding duration. Prior to developing such interventions more research is needed to examine breastfeeding supports and barriers from the perspective of breastfeeding stakeholders. One such framework that can be utilized is the Socio-Ecological Model which stems from Urie Broffenbrenner’s early theoretical frameworks (1973–1979). The purpose of this study was to examine supports and barriers to breastfeeding across environmental systems.

Methods

A total of 49 representatives participated in a telephone interview in Nebraska, USA in 2019. …

The Use Of Family Engagement Principles By Childcare Providers From Various Childcare Settings: A Qualitative Study, John Rech, Kailey Snyder, Maggie Rasmussen, Dipti A. Dev, Danae Dinkel

Journal Articles

Family engagement in childcare is important to ensure the optimal growth, development, and safety of children. Previous research has explored family engagement practices, but limited research is available on the application of theory to explain the uptake of family engagement principles. The purpose of this study was to explore the use and perceptions of the National Association of the Education for Young Children’s six principles of effective family engagement among childcare providers from various childcare settings following the Innovation-Decision Process of the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. A semi-structured interview with a card-sorting task was used to explore providers’ knowledge, adoption, …

Professional Education To Reduce Provider Stigma Toward Harm Reduction And Pharmacotherapy, Sandra H. Sulzer, Suzanne Prevedel, Tyson Barrett, Maren Wright Voss, Cassandra Manning, Erin Fanning Madden

Extension Research

Aims: A novel professional training was developed to reduce stigma toward harm reduction and pharmacotherapy for substance use disorders.

Methods: The training was delivered over three sessions to n = 147 health professionals in Utah between 2019 and 2020, including n = 40 substance use disorder treatment professionals. Pre and post-training survey measures provided evaluation information on knowledge, attitudes, and planned action regarding harm reduction and pharmacotherapy. Items were grouped into a stigma score, and multilevel modeling, regression analyses, and McNemar tests were used to quantify changes in overall stigma toward harm reduction interventions both before and after the training. …