Kinesiology Commons^™

The Effects Of Acute Rauwolscine (Α-Yohimbine) Ingestion On Repeated Wingate Sprint Performance In Healthy Males, Megan E. Barnes, Tyler Williams, Camryn R. Cowan, Brenden A. Torres, W. Tanner Clark, Rebecca R. Rogers, Luke R. Harms, Christopher G. Ballmann

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 4: Issue 1, Article 1, 2023. Background: Rauwolscine (RW), also known as α-Yohimbine, is an α-2-adrenergic receptor antagonist which possesses sympathomimetic properties. RW is commercially sold in pre-workout and energy supplements. However, the ergogenic potential of RW has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute RW supplementation on repeated sprint performance. Methods: Healthy male participants (n=12) completed 3 × 15-second Wingate anaerobic tests (WAnT) separated by 2 minutes of active recovery. Blood lactate (La) was collected before exercise (Pre) and immediately following exercise …

Effects Of Acute Exercise On Affect In Females With Substance Use Disorder, Victoria A. Torok, Christi B. Brewer, Hayley N. Lake

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(5): 95-108, 2023. Negative mood states experienced during the withdrawal stage of substance dependence have been associated with relapse in persons suffering from substance use disorder (SUD). Exercise is gaining attention as an adjunct therapy for SUD due to its ability to alleviate negative mood states experienced during withdrawal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute, controlled bouts of aerobic and resistance exercise versus sedentary control (quiet reading) on positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) in females undergoing SUD treatment at inpatient facilities. Females (n=11; 34 + 8 yrs) …

Improvements In Flexibility Depending On Stretching Duration, Konstantin Warneke, Klaus Wirth, Michael Keiner, Stephan Schiemann

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 83-94, 2023. To improve flexibility, stretching is most commonly used and in training interventions duration-dependent effects are hypothesized. However, there are strong limitations in used stretching protocols in most studies, particularly regarding documentation of intensity and performed procedure. Thus, aim of this study was to compare different stretching durations on flexibility in the plantar flexors and to exclude potential biases. Eighty subjects were divided into four groups performing daily stretching training of 10min (IG10), 30min (IG30) and 1h (IG60) and one control group (CG). Flexibility was measured in bended and extended knee joint. Stretching …

The Relationship Between Health And Movement Screens And Field-Based Physical Fitness Tests In Reserve Officer Training Corps Students, Lukas Krumpl, Nickolai J. P. Martonick, Youngmin Chun, Ann F. Brown, Joshua P. Bailey

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 42-52, 2023. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between scores achieved in physical fitness tests and outcomes of health and movement screens (HMS) in ROTC students. Twenty-eight students (20 males: 21.8 yrs [± 3.4] & 8 females: 20.7 yrs [± 1.8]) enrolled in an ROTC branch (Army, Air Force, Navy, or Marines) completed a series of screens, including body composition analysis via Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA), balance and functional movement tasks via a lower-quarter Y-Balance test, and knee and hip joint concentric strength testing on an isokinetic dynamometer. Official …

The Effects Of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids On Gene Expression In Skeletal Muscle: A Systematic Review, Luke M. Pelton, Stephen A. Maris, Joshua Loseke

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(3): 53-82, 2023. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) act via androgen receptor (AR) interaction to induce muscle protein synthesis. This process is achieved via altered gene expression via the Notch, Wnt, and Numb pathways and their interactions at the AR, manifesting in key skeletal muscle (SM) phenotypes such as morphology, ion conductance, and functionality. This review aims to report on the effects of AAS administration on gene expression in SM. Peer-reviewed empirical studies evaluating AAS administration on SM phenotypes and gene expression were considered for inclusion. The following databases were searched using a data range of Jan …

Biomechanically-Consistent Skin Stretch As An Intuitive Mechanism For Sensory Feedback: A Preliminary Investigation In The Lower Limb, Jenny A. Kent

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

The proprioceptive loss accompanied by lower limb amputation can impair function and mobility. We explore a simple, mechanical skin-stretch array configured to generate superficial tissue behaviour that might occur with movement about an intact joint. Four adhesive pads attached around the circumference of the lower leg were connected via cords to a remote “foot” mounted on a ball joint attached to the underside of a fracture boot, such that “foot” reorientation would result in skin stretch. In two discrimination experiments performed with and without the connection, with no view of the mechanism, and with minimal training, unimpaired adults (i) estimated …

The Relationship Between Cognition, Preseason Hitting Assessments, And In-Game Batting Performance In Collegiate Baseball And Softball Players, Amanda Carrol, Tonya Krupp, Kara Tucker, Nicholas J. Siekirk, Bradley J. Kendall

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(6): 23-30, 2023. Successful hitting performance may be related to perceptual processing of visual information. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between preseason cognitive assessments, off-field preseason hitting assessment, and in-game batting performing in collegiate baseball and softball athletes. Collegiate varsity baseball (n = 10, 20.5 ± 1.0 years) and softball (n = 16, 20.3 ± 1.3 years) underwent Flanker Task and Trail Maker Tests A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B) 24 hours prior to a pre-seasoning indoor hitting assessment. During pre-season hitting assessment, athletes selected 10 underhand pitches and …

Prediction Of Rowing Functional Threshold Power Using Body Mass, Blood Lactate And Gxt Peak Power Data., Eanna Mc Grath, Bernard Donne, Nicholas Mahony, Neil Fleming

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 31-41, 2023. Functional Threshold Power (FTP) is a validated index of a maximal quasi steady-state cycling intensity. The central component of the FTP test is a maximal 20-min time-trial effort. A model to predict FTP from a cycling graded exercise test (m-FTP) was published that estimated FTP without the requirement of the exhaustive 20-min time-trial. The predictive model (m-FTP) was trained (developed to find the best combination of weights and bias) on a homogenous group of highly-trained cyclists and triathletes. This investigation appraised the external validity of the m-FTP model vis-à-vis the alternate modality …

A Swimming Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessing Critical Parameters From Caregivers’ Perspectives, Abir K. Bekhet, Norah Johnson, Tana Karenke, Amy Van Hecke

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

One in 54 individuals is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Swimming can impact the physical and mental well-being of persons with ASD, which in turn may improve their caregivers’ well-being. The purpose of this qualitative evaluation study is to assess the necessity, acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, and beginning effectiveness of a 12-session swimming training program (STP) at an indoor university pool designed to teach persons with ASD how to swim, and to teach caregivers precautions for safety around water. Participants included 7 boys, and 3 girls with ASD [mean age 7.05 years (SD 1.17)] and their caregivers. Results indicated that …

Evolution Of Physical Training In Police Academies: Comparing Fitness Variables, Bridget Frugoli Melton, Gregory Ryan, Victor Zuege, Haresh Rochani, Derick Anglin, Joseph Dulla

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three different physical training approaches to improving cadets’ fitness variables. Retrospective data for male and female land management law enforcement officers attending a 15-week training program at three separate time points were provided for analysis. The time points reflected the three different training approaches, including calisthenic training (CT) = 83, functional fitness training (FT) = 90, and strength training (ST) = 110. Inferential data analysis was used to find which mode of exercise had the greatest impact on body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, agility, and flexibility. All groups …

Changes In Cognition And Brain Function Following 26 Weeks Of Progressive Resistance Training In Older Adults At Risk For Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Joyla Furlano, Becky Horst, Robert Petrella, Kevin Shoemaker, Lindsay Nagamatsu

Kinesiology Publications

Introduction

Methods

A Comparison Of Muscle Recruitment Across Three Straight-Legged, Hinge-Pattern Resistance Training Exercises, Jeremy R. Dicus, Samuel H. Ellestad, Jesse E. Sheaffer, Carol A. Weber, Noah C. Novak, Michael E. Holmstrup

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 12-22, 2023. Hinge exercises are critical to building a balanced resistance training program in concert with ‘knee-dominant’ (e.g., squat, lunge) exercises. Biomechanical differences between various straight-legged hinge (SLH) exercises may alter muscle activation. For example, a Romanian deadlift (RDL) is a closed-chain SLH, while a reverse hyperextension (RH) is open-chain. Likewise, the RDL offers resistance via gravity while the cable pull-through (CP) offers redirected-resistance through a pulley. A deeper understanding of the potential impact of these biomechanical differences between these exercises may improve their application to specific goals. Participants completed repetition-maximum (RM) testing on …

How Did Participating In A Prenatal Nutrition And Exercise Program Influence Postpartum Experiences During Covid-19?, Rozhan Momen, Maya Weinreich, Taniya S. Nagpal, Michelle F. Mottola

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(3): 1-11, 2023. Lifestyle interventions focusing on prenatal physical activity (PA) and healthy nutritional habits can carry forward into the postpartum period. As many health resources, like PA facilities and postpartum support groups, were inaccessible due to the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions, it may be plausible that individuals who participated in a prenatal lifestyle intervention continued engaging in positive health behaviours on their own. This study explored experiences of postpartum individuals during the pandemic who had engaged in a prenatal PA and nutrition program prior to COVID-19. Semi-structured interviews were completed with postpartum individuals following …

An Examination Of Depression, Anxiety, And Self-Esteem In Collegiate Student-Athletes, Samantha R. Weber, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Eva V. Monsma, Shawn M. Arent, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Mental health research exists for student-athletes in the areas of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem prevalence. However, updated prevalence rates and assessment of risks across sports, academic status, and genders are needed. Filling the gaps in research assists in the creation of patient-centered mental health screening and interventions designed for student-athletes. Therefore, the purpose is to examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem in collegiate student-athletes and differences between sex, academic status, and sport type, and identify associations for risks. Using a cross-sectional design, collegiate student-athletes were surveyed to assess for risks of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. With the use …

The Relationship Between Motivational Music And Endurance Performance Of College-Aged Individuals, Sara Tan, Dy Say Der

Applied Health Sciences Student Works

Introduction: Music has shown beneficial ergogenic effects to exercise performance by increasing endorphins and catecholamines levels in the blood. However, the relationship between motivational lyrical music and endurance performance is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between motivational music and endurance performance using the Sports-specific Endurance Plank Test.
Methods: 10 males and 26 females (age 21± 3 years) college-aged students were recruited to complete the study at Bethel University. All participants performed the Sports-specific Endurance Plank which assesses the trunk flexors and lumbar extensors in the same manner observed in sports performance movements. Participants …

Differences In Anaerobic Power And Fatigue Index In Different Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle, Ellie Steinle, Makenna Brown

Applied Health Sciences Student Works

PURPOSE: The menstrual cycle has only recently become a more popular area to explore by researchers, and, because of this, there is a lack of research done on the menstrual cycle and the effects it has on females. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects that the phases of the menstrual cycle, in accordance with the surges and lulls of estrogen, have on performance outcomes.

METHODS: Twenty-six college-aged subjects who were moderately active based on ACSM guidelines and who have a menstrual cycle were included in two sessions of testing. For the first session, subjects completed the …

Acute Effects Of Mental Health On Concussion Testing, Annika Thompson, Carin Gutzwiller

Applied Health Sciences Student Works

The process of diagnosing a concussion starts long before any hit on the field. At the beginning of each season, athletes are baseline tested using the same Sports Concussion Assessment Test 5 (SCAT5) that is used on the field when injury occurs. How they perform on this baseline test plays a major role in future diagnosis. Thirty-Five male and female subjects (mean years of age 20.8 years ± 1.6) free of concussion diagnosis came in for a total of three separate appointments. At each appointment, a mental health survey, reaction time test, and the cognitive portion of the SCAT 5 …

The Effects Of Short-Term Removal Of Exercise On Flow Mediated Dilation In Older Adults: Preliminary Data, Joel E. Harden, Leryn Reynolds Ph.D.

College of Education & Professional Studies (Darden) Posters

Endothelial function is negatively associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies demonstrate that endothelial function is improved through exercise, and that young, active adults experience impaired endothelial function following short-term physical inactivity interventions. Whether this occurs in older, active adults who may be more prone to bouts of inactivity is unknown. This study determined if endothelial function, as measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), was impaired in active, older adults following removal of exercise for 5 days compared to active, young adults. To examine this, popliteal and brachial artery FMD were measured at baseline and during days 3 and …

Comparison Of The Dynamic Response And Fracture Characteristics Of Female And Male Lumbar Spine And Pelvis In Underbody Blast Loading, Hollie Ann Pietsch

Wayne State University Dissertations

Underbody blast (UBB) attacks on US Military vehicles in the recent conflicts resulted in debilitating injuries to mounted Warfighters. Biomechanical research studies in the last decade aimed to understand UBB related injuries to guide protective technology designs for military ground vehicles. The design of protective seats is driven by injuries to the pelvis and lumbar spine, which are aligned with the vertical direction of UBB loading. When the US Military began to open many combat roles to female soldiers in 2016, a need arose to understand the impact of survivability and protection for the female Warfighter population as well. Although …

Reliability And Validity Of A Flume-Based Maximal Oxygen Uptake Swimming Test, Elizabeth F. Nagle, Takashi Nagai, Anne Beethe, Mita Lovalekar, Meghan S. Tuite, Meaghan E. Beckner, Jacquelyn N. Zera, Mary E. Sanders, Chris Connaboy, John P. Abt, Kim Beals, Scott M. Lephart, Robert J. Robertson, Bradley C. Nindl

2023 Faculty Bibliography

A mode-specific swimming protocol to assess maximal aerobic uptake (VO2maxsw) is vital to accurately evaluate swimming performance. A need exists for reliable and valid swimming protocols that assess VO2maxsw in a flume environment. The purpose was to assess: (a) reliability and (b) “performance” validity of a VO2maxsw flume protocol using the 457-m freestyle pool performance swim (PS) test as the criterion. Nineteen males (n = 9) and females (n = 10) (age, 28.5 ± 8.3 years.; height, 174.7 ± 8.2 cm; mass, 72.9 ± 12.5 kg; %body fat, 21.4 ± 5.9) performed two flume VO2maxsw tests (VO2maxswA and VO2maxswB) and …