Exercise Science Commons^™

A History Of Low Back Pain Associates With Altered Electromyographic Activation Patterns In Response To Perturbations Of Standing Balance, Jesse V. Jacobs, Sharon M. Henry, Stephanie L. Jones, Juvena R. Hitt, Janice Y. Bunn

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

People with a history of low back pain (LBP) exhibit altered responses to postural perturbations, and the central neural control underlying these changes in postural responses remains unclear. To characterize more thoroughly the change in muscle activation patterns of people with LBP in response to a perturbation of standing balance, and to gain insight into the influence of early- vs. late-phase postural responses (differentiated by estimates of voluntary reaction times), this study evaluated the intermuscular patterns of electromyographic (EMG) activations from 24 people with and 21 people without a history of chronic, recurrent LBP in response to 12 directions of …

Effectiveness Of Group Kickboxing As A Means To Improve Gait And Balance In Individuals With Ms, Kurt Jackson, Kimberly Edginton Bigelow, Christina Cooper, Harold L. Merriman

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years, there has been a particular emphasis on identifying and delivering appropriate therapeutic interventions that address the significant balance and gait impairments that affect individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Group interventions implemented in community settings have been especially of interest, including tai chi classes. Recently, the authors conducted a preliminary study to examine whether group kick-boxing, which requires more vigorous movements, might be a feasible intervention. Initial findings showed promise and led the authors to pursue a more rigorous follow-up study, with the objective of determining whether a 5-week group kickboxing class improved clinical measures of balance and …

Real-Time Feedback As A Method Of Monitoring Walking Velocity During Gait Analysis, Sarah T. Ridge, James G. Richards

Faculty Publications

When quantifying the mechanics of gait, it is important to ensure that subjects maintain a consistent walking velocity during gait analysis trials. Most methods of measuring walking velocity do not produce data until after the subject has completed the trial. This often results in discarding completed trials from analysis because the subject's velocity was not within an acceptable range. Real-time feedback of position data can be used to help subjects adjust their walking velocity during the trial, when necessary. Results from 14 subjects who participated in gait analysis using real-time feedback to monitor their walking velocity show that they were …

Contributing Variables To Acceleration And Max Velocity Performance, Leon Alexander Settle

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to determine the prediction values of the squat, power clean, and three commonly used plyometric exercises by track and field coaches (OHB, SLJ, and STJ) to acceleration and max velocity performance. There is sparse research on the effectiveness of standing long jump, standing triple jump, and over head back contributing to athletic performance. The findings from this project may provide practical information to coaches about the five components. The University of New Mexico (UNM) men and women track and field student-athletes, ages 18-24 (n = 28), volunteered for the study. Potential differences in predictability …

The Effect Of Local Heating On The Concentration Of Interstitial Atp In Human Skin, Jayson R. Gifford

Theses and Dissertations

Skin blood flow (SKBF) demonstrates a biphasic response to innocuous, local heating. Much about the mechanism of the first phase is unknown. A type of ion channel (TRPV3) sensitive to and increasingly activated by temperatures from ~33 to ~45°C may be involved. TRPV3 channels are abundantly located in the keratinocytes and are believed to elicit the release of ATP, a putative cutaneous vasodilator, upon activation. This study investigated the possibility that TRPV3 channels and ATP have a role in the first phase of the SBKF response to local heat. Fifteen young, healthy subjects participated in the study. Two microdialysis probes …

Effect Of High-Speed Treadmill Training With A Body Weight Support System In A Sport Acceleration Program, Carie Suzanne Eastman

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Maximum running acceleration essential components in many sports. The identification of specific training protocols to maximize sprint speed would be useful knowledge for soccer coaches and players.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a high-speed treadmill with the use of a body-weight support system in a 6-week sport acceleration program on: 40-yard sprint time, maximal isometric knee flexor and extensor strength.

Methods: 32 female soccer players (age 16 ± 1.19 yrs) participated in two treatment groups and one control group. Both treatment groups participated in a 12-session sport acceleration program. The first treatment …

Kinematic Changes During A Marathon For Fast And Slow Runners, Maggie Man-Yee Chan-Roper

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe kinematic changes that occur during an actual marathon. We hypothesized that (1) certain running kinematic measures would change between miles 5 and 25 of a marathon and (2) fast runners would demonstrate smaller changes than slow runners. Subjects (n = 179) were selected according to finish time (Range = 2:20:47 to 5:30:10). Two high-speed cameras were used to measure sagittal-plane kinematics at miles 5 and 25 of the marathon. The dependent variables were stride length, ground time, peak knee flexion during support and swing, and peak hip flexion and extension during swing. …

Investigation Of C-Reactive Protein And Leptin As Biomarkers Of Obesity With Potential Clinical Utility, Rachel Ann Friedman

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Obesity and its subsequent disease states are major health problems in the United States. In many ways, obesity can be considered a “disease state” itself due to the changes it causes on the body. High-intensity exercise also places acute stress the body, putting humans in recovery from exercise in a state that may be analogous to a temporary disease state. The purpose of this study was to examine biomarkers associated with obesity (CRP and Leptin) before and after continuous and intermittent bouts of exercise in an obese but otherwise healthy sample vs. a healthy, non-obese sample. This investigation focused on …

Exercise Intensity As A Determinant Of Exercise Induced Hypoalgesia, Karen Y. Wonders, Daniel G. Drury

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine pain perception during and following two separate 30-min bouts of exercise above and below the Lactate Threshold (LT). Pain Threshold (PT) and Pain Intensity (PI) were monitored during (15 and 30 min) and after exercise (15 and 30 min into recovery) using a Cold Pressor Test (CPT) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain of the non-dominant hand. Significant differences in PT scores were found both during and after exercise conditions. Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences in PT scores at 30 min of exercise (P=0.024, P=0.02) and 15 min of recovery …

Athletic Training Students' Ability To Identify Scapular Dyskinesis, Priscilla M. Dwelly

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Scapular dyskinesis refers to abnormal movement patterns of the scapula, which have been associated with injury. Previous investigations have validated the scapular dyskinesis test as a visual assessment method using physicians, physical therapists, and certified athletic trainers. Through educational programs, athletic training students should be taught what scapular dyskinesis is and how to identify it. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to (a) evaluate entry-level graduate athletic training students' ability to identify scapular dyskinesis, (b) assess their reliability, and (c) determine if they were able to correctly identify the muscles involved in rehabilitating an individual with scapular dyskinesis. Follow-up …

Effect Of Handedness On Gross Motor Skill Acquisition Among College Undergraduates, Anthony Paul Parish

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There is little applicable research investigating educational adaptation for handedness and even less research dealing with physical skill development. Given that PE teachers and students frequently rely on demonstrations to enhance learning, this study sought to determine if the congruence between teacher and student handedness is important? It was hypothesized that performance and form scores of left-handers that see a right-handed demonstration would be significantly higher than those of right-handers that see a left-handed demonstration.

A lacrosse shot was demonstrated to a group of 69 college-aged participants that were equally split in numbers between male and female and left and …

Interview With Adam Boesel, Green Micro Gym, 2011 (Audio), Adam Boesel

All Sustainability History Project Oral Histories

Interview of Adam Boesel by Teresa Celestine at Green Micro Gym Portland, Oregon on July 29th, 2011.

The interview index is available for download.

Comparison Between The Trap Bar Dead Lift And Back Squat Exercises On Vertical Jump, Douglas A. Young

Theses and Dissertations

The ability to produce power during competition is essential. Football requires explosive power in order to get off the ball faster, increase speed of the first step, and increase the height of the vertical jump. Most strength training professionals use the back squat to increase power of the lower extremities; however, as large forces are placed on the back, athletes are at greater risk for injury. The trap bar dead lift is similar to the back squat in movement and form, but the trap bar dead lift reduces the force on the lower back. After testing for maximum vertical jump,athletes …

Muscle Contributions To Frontal And Transverse Plane Whole-Body Angular Momentum, Richard R. Neptune, Craig P. Mcgowan, Allison Kinney

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to build upon previous work by analyzing how gravity and individual muscles contribute to frontal and traverse plane whole-body angular momentum. Identifying which muscles are responsible for generating angular momentum has important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of movement disorders.

Plantar Pressure Distribution Differences In Physically Active Individuals With And Without Functional Ankle Instability During A Side Cut, J'Nai Pittman

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Context: Functional ankle instability (FAI) is a popular condition in the physically active population. There is a surplus of evidence to demonstrate how FAI decreases proprioception, balance, and overall athletic performance. However, to date there is no evidence that demonstrates how F AI correlates to alterations in plantar pressure distribution differences in a physically active population while completing athletic tasks. Objective: To assess differences in plantar pressure distributions while completing a side cut in individuals with and without FAI. Design: Observational case-control. Setting: Outdoor field turf and research laboratory. Participants: Fifty ankles from physically active individuals (FAI: age= 21.47±3.02 yrs; …

Acute Arginine Supplementation Fails To Improve Muscle Endurance Or Affect Blood Pressure Responses To Resistance Training, Beau K. Greer, Brett T. Jones

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Dietary supplement companies claim that arginine supplements acutely enhance skeletal muscular endurance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute arginine a-ketoglutarate supplementation (AAKG) will affect local muscle endurance of the arm and shoulder girdle or the blood pressure (BP) response to anaerobic exercise. Twelve trained college-aged men (22.6 +/- 3.8 years) performed 2 trials of exercise separated by at least 1 week. At 4 hours before, and 30 minutes before exercise, a serving of an AAKG supplement (3,700 mg arginine alpha-ketoglutarate per serving) or placebo was administered. Resting BP was assessed pre-exercise after 16 minutes of seated …

The Effects Of The Rebound Diathermy Unit, Megapulse Ii Shortwave Diathermy Unit And Moist Hot Packs On Tissue Temperature Increase Of The Triceps Surae Muscle Group, Amanda Rose Hawkes

Theses and Dissertations

Context: Clinicians use a number of superficial and deep heating modalities, including pulsed shortwave diathermy (PSWD) and moist hot packs, in the clinical setting. Recently, a continuous diathermy unit called ReBound was introduced into the clinical setting. Its effectiveness as a heating modality is unknown. Objective: To compare the effects of PSWD, moist hot packs and the ReBound unit on tissue temperature in the triceps surae muscle. Design: A 3 x 27 factorial cross-over design with repeated measures. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Twelve healthy college-aged volunteers (4 men, 8 women; age = 22.2 ± 2.25; calf subcutaneous fat thickness …

A Call To (Physical) Activity, A Call To Action, Karen Richardson, Sam Baumgarten

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Intramuscular Temperature Responses Of The Vastus Lateralis And Semitendinosus During Squatting And Stretching With Whole Body Vibration, Joshua Gant Allen

Theses and Dissertations

This study was a randomized control trial. The purpose of this study was threefold: 1) to determine if intramuscular temperature (IMt) increases in the semitendinosus (ST) are similar to the vastus lateralis (VL) during standard WBV static squatting; 2) to determine if changes in intramuscular temperature of the hamstrings is different from a standard static semi-squat when undergoing WBV in a static stretching position; and 3) to determine if shorter overall durations as is typically used for stretching protocols (i.e. 5 repetitions of 30s each), will result in IMt increases. Twelve subjects (all males), with tight hamstrings completed this study …

The Effects Of Sr2w-1 Supplementation On Cycling Performance And Muscle Fatigue, Tara Ali Ata

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential effects of SR2W-1 supplementation on cycling performance, central fatigue, and a variety of physiological parameters, including blood lactate, blood pH, heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), oxygen consumption (VO2), expired ventilation (VE), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Methods: Five recreational cyclists (38 ± 8 yr, 168.4 ± 4.3 cm, 68.8 ± 5.6 kg, and 54.4 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min) performed 20-min of steady-state cycling (~85% VO2max) followed by three 1-min high intensity intervals at VO2max with 30-sec active recovery periods at 100 W, 15-min passive recovery period, and a …