Forest Sciences Commons^™

Genome-Wide Analysis Of Peroxidase Genes In Passion Fruit (Passiflora Edulis Sims.) And Their Expression Patterns Induced By Root Colonization Of Piriformospora Indica Under Cold Stress, Dangdi Liang, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Shariq Mahmood Alam, Xuping Huang, Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Walid F. A. Mosa, Emi̇ne Orhan, Zhimin Lin, Faxing Chen

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Peroxidases (PODs) have various physiological and biochemical roles in plant growth, development and stress response. The POD genes were identified in various plant species, but in passion fruit has not yet been thoroughly characterized. Here, we discovered 30 putative POD genes from the genome of Passiflora edulis Sims. For further elucidation, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was utilized to determine the physicochemical properties, gene organization, conserved motifs, gene duplication and phylogenetic relationships of PePOD genes. Most of the POD proteins were predicted to be located in extracellular region. Gene organization and motif analysis showed that the number of exons and motifs in …

Selected Phenolics And Antioxidant Capacities: From Boğazkere (Vitis Vinifera L.) Grape To Pomace And Wine, Hande Tahmaz, Gökhan Söylemezoğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this research, the amounts of trans-resveratrol, (+)-catechin, (-)- epicatechin, and malvidin-3-glucoside which are among phenolic compounds as well as the total phenolic compound, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant capacity changes were examined in the Boğazkere (Vitis vinifera L.) grape, pomace before press, pomace after press and wine. In all parameters examined, a decrease was seen when proceeding from grape to wine, only (+)- catechin and (-)- epicatechin levels were detected to be higher in the prepress pomace. Total phenolic compound, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant capacity levels were found highest in grape samples, respectively, 8018 mg GAE/kg; 1606 mg/kg; 16.05 μmol …

Evaluation Of Cone And Seed Quality Of Siberian Stone Pine (Pinus Sibirica Du Tour) For Plus-Tree Selection, Svetlana Velisevich, Alexander Popov

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) is a cone-bearing species with outstanding nutritious seeds, health-supporting properties, and nut oil. Currently, the main volume of pine nuts is harvested in natural forests, which causes damage to ecosystems. The best solution to this problem would be harvesting nuts on special pine nut plantations established on the basis of high-seeding clones. However, it is hampered by the low efficiency of the existing methods for assessing plus-tree productivity. This work focused on cone analysis in two sites used for plus-tree selection: a 42-year-old sparse forest plantation and a 186-224-year-old closed natural forest. The …

Phytophthora-Citrus Interactions And Management Strategies: A Review, Anas Fadli, Hamid Benyahia, Sajjad Hussain, Rashid Iqbal Khan, Muhammad Junaid Rao, Talaat Ahmed, Veronica Ancona, Muhammad Fasih Khalid

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Citrus production is declining worldwide due to several biotic and abiotic factors. The diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. present major economic risks since they are soil-borne and spread quickly if environmental conditions are favorable, or irrigation is poorly managed. Phytophthora species are present in all citrus-producing areas around the world causing significant losses in crop yield and affecting tree health. Bark infection, damping-off, root rot, gummosis, brown rot, and cortical root rot are among the typical symptoms caused by Phytophthora spp. The pathogenicity of Phytophthora spp. depends mainly on the specific interactions between the isolates and citrus cultivars. The use …

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Improve Triticum Aestivum L. Growth And Photosynthetic Activity In Sulfonamide-Contaminated Soil, Ammara Saleem, Asma Zulfiqar, Soha A. Alamoudi, Mada F. Ashkan, Eman Alhomaidi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Antibiotics are disseminated by grazing animals or their feces throughout agricultural areas. These antibiotics, as environmental pollutants, have a negative impact on plant growth and physiology. Sulfonamides are frequently used to protect livestock production, but they also have a considerable negative impact on plant growth and rhizospheric bacteria. Plants are sensitive to their surroundings, and they employ their internal biological systems to deal with the threats to their growth and development. Soil microbes, which are the most common inhabitants, have amazing metabolic capacities that enable them to overcome abiotic constraints. The effects of sulfonamide stress on wheat cultivar Chakwal-50 were …

Graphene Oxide: A Promising Material For The Germination Of Melon Seeds Under Salinity Stress, Haluk Çağlar Kaymak, Meli̇ke Sevi̇m, Önder Meti̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

It is well-known that salinity is an important adverse environmental factor (abiotic stresses) that limits plant growth, development, and productivity all over the world. Herein, we report for the first time the use of graphene oxide (GO) as a promising material against the salinity stress using melon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds as the model crop. GO as a priming material possesses various advantages such as being highly water-soluble, nontoxic, producible on a large scale from graphite, and low-cost over the existing materials. In this study, we identified the effect of different GO doses (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 mg/mL) …

Herbicide Resistance In Avena Sterilis Subsp Ludoviciana Populations From The Wheat Fields Of Turkey, Süleyman Gürdal Türkseven, Ahmet Uludağ, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇, Ahmet Tansel Seri̇m

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Avena sterilis L. subsp ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet and Magne (AVELU) is among the most common and economically important grass weed species, especially in wheat fields of Turkey; therefore, the herbicides with the same mode of action (ACCase and ALS/AHAS inhibitors) are used to control have been successively applied without incessant by farmers. A study was conducted to find out the extent of wild oat problems throughout Turkey including herbicide resistance. This paper includes results of determining the herbicide resistance status of AVELU populations to ACCase and ALS inhibitors that are fenoxaprop (Fen), pinoxaden (Pin), tralkoxydim (Tra), mesosulfuron+iodosulfuron (MeI), and proxycarbazone+mesosulfuron …

Biochar Mitigates Salt Stress By Regulating Nutrient Uptake And Antioxidant Activity, Alleviating The Oxidative Stress And Abscisic Acid Content In Cabbage Seedlings, Melek Eki̇nci̇, Meti̇n Turan, Ertan Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of cabbage seedlings in response to salinity stress with biochar. The study was conducted as factorial completely randomized design with two factors; salinity levels (0 and 150 mM NaCl) and biochar doses (weighed at the rate of 0%, 2.5%, and 5% by soil weight). Growth parameters such as stem diameter, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight of cabbage seedlings treated with 150 mM NaCl were lower than the control. Biochar amendments improved the growth parameters of cabbage seedlings under …

Inter-Primer Binding Site (Ipbs) Retrotransposon Markers Provide Insights Into Thegenetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Carrots (Daucus, Apiaceae), Mehtap Yildiz, Carlos Arbizu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Studies of genetic diversity and population structure are essential as an initial step in conservation and breeding programs for modern crops. Carrot (Daucus spp.) is among the ten most important vegetables worldwide, however, its genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships are not totally deciphered. Here, we explored the utility of 21 inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon markers to determine the genetic diversity and population structure of 38 accessions of Daucus and one accession of a related genus. The manual scoring revealed 309 bands based on their presence/absence. The dendrogram based on the UPGMA clustering algorithm and a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) …

Study Of Anatomical And Acc (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate) During Flower Budabscission Indicate An Important Role Of Alternate Bearing, Muhammet Ali̇ Gündeşli̇, Sali̇h Kafkas, Şenay Karabiyik, Si̇nan Eti̇, Nesi̇be Ebru Kafkas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study investigates whether, and how, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is concerned in flower bud abscission of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). Abscission was studied about the activation of the abscission zone, located between shoot and flower bud, from Uzun pistachio cultivar where the abscission profiles and the scanning electron micrographs pictorial differences in the abscission program, under natural conditions of flower bud. ACC content was investigated in the flower bud abscission zone during growth and abscission using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS/MS). Results showed that abscission layers were started at first 45 days after full blooming (DAFB) …

Comparative Study Of Phenolic Compounds In Olive Oils From Differentgeographic Regions, Şeyma Şi̇şi̇k Oğraş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the effect of cultivar, harvest year, and the geographic regions (Mediterranean, Aegean, Southeastern Anatolia, Marmara, and the Black Sea) on phenolic compounds of virgin olive oils were investigated. Tyrosol was the major phenolic compound in the Mediterranean, Southeastern, and Black Sea regions. Hydroxytyrosol showed the highest value (2.07 mg/kg) in the Southeastern Anatolia region and the lowest value (0.75 mg/kg) in the Marmara region. Among the phenolic acids, vanillic acid had an important place in phenolic compounds (p < 0.01). This phenolic acid gave higher values in the Marmara region compared to other regions. Flavonoids were determined as important groups of phenolic compounds in olive oils. The oils from the Southeastern Anatolia region separated from other oils with the highest levels of flavonoids such as quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin. All phenolic compounds, except transcinnamic acid and quercetin, increased in the second harvest year. Vanillic acid was the highest phenolic compound in the first year, in contrast, tyrosol had higher values than vanillic acid in the second year. Many phenolic compounds were affected by olive cultivar. Memecik has a higher content of tyrosol, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin in the Aegean region. However, this variety showed higher values for hydroxytyrosol, transcinnamic acid, luteolin, and apigenin in the Marmara region. Gemlik, Ayvalık, Çelebi, Domat and Memecik from Marmara regions had higher vanillic acid. Butko, Otur and Kızıl Satı showed higher tyrosol. Principal component analysis showed that phenolic compounds could play an important role in the separation of regions and cultivars.

Decadal Reevaluation Of Sugar Maple Dieback Etiology Across The Upper Great Lakes Region, Mattison E. Brady

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) is a foundational tree species in northern hardwood forests of the United States and Canada. Though previous work has documented areas of substantial stress for this species in eastern North America, increasing reports of crown dieback in the Upper Great Lake states through the early 2000’s highlighted the relative lack of understanding of regional trends and causes. A 120-plot network of maple forest health monitoring sites was established and annually visited across Upper Michigan, northern Wisconsin, and eastern Minnesota between 2009 and 2012 to catalog and understand the regional phenomenon.

Results from the project’s …

Fine Scale Mapping Of Laurentian Mixed Forest Natural Habitat Communities Using Multispectral Naip And Uav Datasets Combined With Machine Learning Methods, Parth P. Bhatt

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Natural habitat communities are an important element of any forest ecosystem. Mapping and monitoring Laurentian Mixed Forest natural communities using high spatial resolution imagery is vital for management and conservation purposes. This study developed integrated spatial, spectral and Machine Learning (ML) approaches for mapping complex vegetation communities. The study utilized ultra-high and high spatial resolution National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) datasets, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Complex natural vegetation community habitats in the Laurentian Mixed Forest of the Upper Midwest. A detailed workflow is presented to effectively process UAV imageries in a dense forest environment …

Borrowed Capital And Factors Affecting Its Utilization Among Rice Farmers In The Province Of Albay, Philippines, Elmer A. Lorenzana

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

Agricultural credit programs provide opportunities for farmers to acquire the necessary farm inputs and apply appropriate technologies. However, it remains a challenge for farmers to use the credit for what it was intended for. This study aimed to measure the factors affecting the utilization of borrowed capital of 233 randomly selected rice farmers from the province of Albay using binary logit as its analytical procedure. The factors influencing the utilization of borrowed capital are the type of the optimization behavior of the farmers, sex, family size, and farm size. The output maximizers and the male farmers have a higher probability …

Wilderness And The Geotag: Exploring The Claim That "Geotagging Ruins Nature" In The Alpine Lakes Wilderness, Wa, Mara Gans

All Master's Theses

This research explores the claim that “geotagging ruins nature” by quantifying and qualifying patterns in geotag use and visitors’ experiences in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, in Washington, United States. Many have raised concerns that geotags increase recreational visitation to public lands, which subsequently contributes to negative resource impacts. Others, however, claim that geotagging has made the outdoors more accessible to less privileged communities and raise concerns that condemning geotags will perpetuate the exclusion of certain groups from outdoor recreation. This debate is studied within federally designated Wilderness, which is legally defined as “untrammeled by man,” a definition rooted in problematic …

Targeted Browsing With Goats For Eastern Redcedar (Juniperus Virginiana L.) Control, Alanna M. Hartsfield

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As eastern redcedar (ERC) (Juniperus virginiana L.) grassland encroachment progresses, all potential control methods should be explored in the interest of Great Plains grassland health and longevity. Targeted browsing with goats has been proven as an effective control method on some juniper species; however, little is known about its ability to control ERC. These studies intend to mend knowledge gaps of how targeted browsing with goats control ERC by causing tree death without chemicals or machinery. The first study is two 3x3 Latin squares comparing protein-supplemented diets. The second study is a randomized complete block design of five 0.224 ha …

Using Landsat-Based Phenology Metrics, Terrain Variables, And Machine Learning For Mapping And Probabilistic Prediction Of Forest Community Types In West Virginia, Faith M. Hartley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigates the mapping of forest community types for the entire state of West Virginia, USA using Global Land Analysis and Discovery (GLAD) Phenology Metrics analysis ready data (ARD) derived from the Landsat time series and digital terrain variables derived from a digital terrain model (DTM). Both classifications and probabilistic predictions were made using random forest (RF) machine learning (ML) and training data derived from ground plots provided by the West Virginia Natural Heritage Program (WVNHP). The primary goal of this study is to explore the use of globally consistent ARD data for operational forest type mapping over a …

Potential Effects Of Amynthas Agrestis Invasion On Woody Understory Flora In The Cvnp, Christian Mammana

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Ohio forests are threatened by the invasive ecosystem engineer A. agrestis. A. agrestis invasion typically co-occurs with the ecosystem engineer, Odocoileus virginianus, where their impacts may synergize. To determine the direct effects of A. agrestis invasion, fenced plots across the Cuyahoga Valley National Park that excluded deer were utilized. The species richness, Shannon diversity and evenness of woody understory flora was measured in each plot. Mustard extraction was used to determine earthworm abundance. Correlations between abundance and measured variables were used to highlight potential invasion effects. Abundance and species richness was found to have a significant, positive correlation (p = …

Emerging Hot Spot Analysis To Indicate Forest Conservation Priorities And Efficacy On Regional To Continental Scales: A Study Of Forest Change In Selva Maya 2000-2020, Nicholas Cuba, Laura A. Sauls, Anthony J. Bebbington, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Avecita Chicchon, Pilar Delpino Marimón, Oscar Diaz, Susanna Hecht, Susan Kandel, Tracey Osborne, Rebecca Ray, Madelyn Rivera, John Rogan, Viviana Zalles

Geography

Despite the importance of preserving contiguous tropical forest areas to maintain biodiversity and terrestrial carbon stocks, methodological challenges continue to hinder broad-scale analysis of threats to these forests. Emerging Hot Spot Analysis (EHSA) is a spatial-statistical method that conveys complex information about the temporal dynamics of deforestation across a range of moderate to coarse spatial scales. Using Global Forest Change (GFC) data as inputs, EHSA produces spatially comprehensive, gridded outputs that represent a standardized, reproduceable way to instantiate contiguous forest tracts as spatial objects. Doing so allows aggregation of other GFC-derived values and analysis of alternative geographic configurations besides sub-national …

The Influence Of Burn Severity On Post-Fire Spectral Recovery Of Three Fires In The Southern Rocky Mountains, Jaclyn Guz, Florencia Sangermano, Dominik Kulakowski

Geography

Increased wildfire activity and altered post-fire climate in the Southern Rocky Mountains has the potential to influence forest resilience. The Southern Rocky Mountains are a leading edge of climate change and have experienced record-breaking fires in recent years. The change in post-fire regeneration and forest resilience could potentially include future ecological trajectories. In this paper, we examined patterns of post-fire spectral recovery using Landsat time series. Additionally, we utilized random forest models to analyze the impact of climate and burn severity on three fire events in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Fifteen years following the fires, none of the burned stands …