Forest Sciences Commons^™

Summer Heat And An Epidemic Of Cytospora Canker Of Alnus, James J. Worrall, Gerard C. Adams, Sarah C. Tharp

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

An epidemic of cytospora canker [Valsa melanodiscus, anamorph Cytospora umbrina] is associated with dieback and mortality of Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia in the Southern Rocky Mountains and had begun by the late 1980s. Isolations showed that inoculum was often abundant on bark and bud surfaces even in winter, especially near diseased stems. The pathogen was occasionally isolated from internal tissues of dormant buds and asymptomatic wood and phloem. In infected stems, the pathogen was detected up to 5 cm beyond visible canker margins. The data suggest that the pathogen can cause latent infections, but the infection court …

Sirex Noctilio In North America: The Effect Of Stem-Injection Timing On The Attractiveness And Suitability Of Trap Trees, Kelley E. Zylstra, Kevin J. Dodds, Joseph A. Francese, Victor Mastro

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

1 Sirex noctilio Fabricius, an invasive woodwasp responsible for severe economic damage to pine industries in the southern hemisphere, is now established in the northeastern U.S.A. and portions of eastern Canada.

2 Parts of North America are considered to be high risk for S. noctilio invasion. Effective detection tools, including trap trees, are needed to monitor and survey S. noctilio populations.

3 The present study was conducted to determine the optimal time to chemically stress a tree when aiming to attract the most S. noctilio to the host substrate, as well as to determine which timing produced the most adult …

Urban And Community Forests Of The North Central West Region, David J. Nowak, Eric J. Greenfield

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This report details how land cover and urbanization vary within the states of Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota by community (incorporated and census designated places), county subdivision, and county. Specifically this report provides critical urban and community forestry information for each state including human population characteristics and trends, changes in urban and community lands, tree canopy and impervious surface cover characteristics, distribution of land-cover classes, a relative comparison of urban and community forests among local government types, determination of priority areas for tree planting, and a summary of urban tree benefits. Report information can improve …

Blister Rusts In China: Hosts, Pathogens, And Management, X. Y. Zhang, Q. Lu, R. A. Sniezko, R. Q. Song, G. Man

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

China has 12 taxa of white pines (subgenus Strobus), including species of wide distribution valuable to plantation forestry and species of rare endemics only distantly related to other white pines. The most important forest diseases of these white pines are caused by the blister rust fungi of the genus Cronartium that alternate to telial host species of Ribes and Pedicularis. The most serious infestations have occurred in southwestern China on Pinus armandii and in northeastern China on P. koraiensis. The blister rust pathogen on P. armandii has usually been identified as Cronartium ribicola. Several lines of …

Effects Of Splat® Gm Sprayable Pheromone Formulation On Gypsy Moth Mating Success, Ksenia S. Onufrieva, Kevin W. Thorpe, Andrea D. Hickman, Patrick C. Tobin, Donna S. Leonard, E. Anderson Roberts

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Several integrated pest management programs rely on the use of mating disruption tactics to control insect pests. Some programs specifically target non-native species, such as the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae).We evaluated SPLAT ® GM, a new sprayable formulation of the gypsy moth sex pheromone disparlure, for its ability to disrupt gypsy moth mating. The study was conducted in 2006, 2007, and 2008 in forested areas in Virginia, USA. Mating success of gypsy moth females was reduced by >99% and male moth catches in pheromone-baited traps by >90%, in plots treated with SPLAT ® GM at dosages ranging …

Examining The Compatibility Between Forestry Incentive Programs In The Us And The Practice Of Sustainable Forest Management, Steven E. Daniels, Michael A. Kilgore, Michael G. Jacobsen, John L. Greene, Thomas J. Straka

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

This research explores the intersection between the various federal and state forestry incentive programs and the adoption of sustainable forestry practices on non-industrial private forest (NIPF) lands in the US. The qualitative research reported here draws upon a series of eight focus groups of NIPF landowners (two each in Minnesota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina). Despite minor regional variations, the dominant theme that emerged is that these landowners’ purchase and management decisions are motivated by the “trilogy” of forest continuity, benefit to the owner, and doing the “right thing.” This trilogy is quite consistent with notions of sustainable forestry, but …

Forestry And Natural Resources Investment Analysis Via Computer Software, Thomas J. Straka, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

The valuation of forestry and natural resources investments and projects often present challenging analysis problems that require the use of computer software. Obtaining useful results from such packages are often difficult due to complex user/ program interfaces, while most are also subscriber~based and not freely available.

Food, Nutrition, And Natural Resource Sciences In The Fy 2011 Budget. Chapter 27, American Assoc. For The Advancement Of Science Report Xxxv, William Fisher, Karl Glasener, Caron Gala Bijl, Mary Lee Watts, Lowell Randel, Steven H. Bullard, Jim Gulliford

Faculty Publications

Food, agricultural, nutrition, and natural resource sciences are poised to make major contributions to improve human health and protect our environment. With the launch of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIF A) in 2009, Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack said "the opportunity to truly transform a field of science happens at best once a generation." With the release of a report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization stating that food production will need to nearly double by 2050 to meet the demands of a world population totaling more than nine billion, this announcement is timely. The current …

Use Of Carfentrazone For Control Of Natural Pine In Forestry Site Preparation Areas, Andrew W. Ezell, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Faculty Publications

Carfentrazone was applied in combination with imazapyr alone and three-way mixes with imazapyr and glyphosate to evaluate efficacy of natural pine control during site preparation activities. Results from four sites (two in MS, and one each in TX and SC) indicated that carfentrazone could assist in the control of small pine seedlings (less than six inches tall), but the control provided was not at a level considered acceptable for operational purposes. Larger pine seedlings (greater than one foot tall) were not adequately controlled by any of the treatments and shielding by other vegetation was an important factor in the control …

Split-Season Herbaceous Weed Control For Full-Season Seedling Performance, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Andrew W. Ezell

Faculty Publications

Results from four loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) sites, one in each of MS and TX in 2001 and again in 2002, are presented. Twelve herbicide treatments and an untreated check were tested. Herbicide treatments were applied early (mid- March), late (mid-May), both timings, or not at all to achieve, early- late-, full-season, or no weed control. When averaged across all four sites and compared to the early treatment, bare ground was less from April through July and April through November on late treated and untreated plots, respectively. Full-season weed control provided numerically more bare ground than other treatments. When …

Southern Pine Beetle Infestation Probability Mapping Using Weights Of Evidence Analysis, Jason Grogan, David Kulhavy, James Kroll

Faculty Publications

Weights of Evidence (WofE) spatial analysis was used to predict probability of southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) (SPB) infestation in Angelina, Nacogdoches, San Augustine and Shelby Co., TX. Thematic data derived from Landsat imagery (1974–2002 Landsat 1–7) were used. Data layers included: forest covertype, forest age, forest patch size and percent slope. WofE predicted infestation probabilities were signifi cantly higher at infestation locations, versus random locations (p<0.0001). Signifi cantly more infestations occurred in the higher probability areas (p=0.002). Infestation size was not signifi cantly correlated with probability (p=0.0528). Correlations were found between WofE probability and traditional SPB hazard rating, calculated from forest inventory data, using the Mason (1981) system (p<0.0001). WofE probability maps were used to produce current SPB three and fi ve-class hazard rating maps for the study area. WofE was effective for predicting SPB hazard, utilizing existing, remotely-sensed data sets.

White-Tailed Deer Antler Research: A Response To Demarais And Strickland, Ben Koerth, James Kroll

Faculty Publications

Demarais and Strickland presented several questions about the scope and validity of conclusions regarding predictability of mature antler size based on yearling antler size and produced a simulation model reported to demonstrate measurement bias in our 2008 study. We believe our conclusions were appropriate with our research hypothesis and demonstrated the assumed differential selection bias by hunters used in Demarais and Strickland was unwarranted. Demarais and Strickland provided no metadata to document the provenance of data used in their model and did not account for location, year, cohort, nutrition of research animals, or loss of individuals from their sample population …

Restoring Wild Turkey To East Texas: Past And Present, Warren C. Conway, Christopher E. Comer, Gary Calkins, Jason Hardin, Jason Isabelle

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Chronicle Of Changing American Attitudes Towards Wetlands, Matthew W. Mcbroom

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Broad-Scale Relations Between Conservation Reserve Program And Grassland Birds: Do Cover Type, Configuration And Contract Age Matter?, Sam Riffell, Daniel Scognamillo, L. Wes Burger Jr., Shawn Bucholtz

Faculty Publications

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a voluntary cropland set-aside program where environmentally-sensitive cropland is retired to a conservation practice. Grassland birds should benefit because most CRP is grass habitat and because amount of land in CRP is highest in agriculture-dominated areas of the United States where grassland habitat has been most impacted. We used the Breeding Bird Survey and Common Land Unit (CLU) data (spatially-explicit data of farm field boundaries and land cover) to identify relations between types and configurations of CRP and grassland bird abundance in 3 Midwestern states. All 13 species we studied were related to at …

Understory Vegetative Diversity Of Post-Thinned Pine Plantations Treated With Fertilizer, Fire And Herbicide In East Texas, Brian P. Oswald, Dean W. Coble, R R. Botting, Ken W. Farrish, James E. Van Kley

Faculty Publications

This study assessed biodiversity in the understory of two pine plantations where different management tools (fertilizer, prescribed burning, and herbicide application) were utilized. During three growing seasons, species, percent cover, and number of individuals, and physical characteristics were recorded. Responses to treatment were examined based on comparison of species richness, evenness, diversity, and importance. Two years after treatment, fertilized plots showed a decline in species richness, evenness, and diversity. Prescribed burning and herbicide treatments increased species richness but decreased species evenness, resulting in no change in diversity index. Herbicide treatment reduced the importance of dominant shrubs and increased the importance …

Forest Analysis Of The Gordon Natural Area Focusing On Carbon Stock, Forest Structure, And Forest Composition, R. Dicce, D. Drake, D. Mackey, P. Avery

Forest Carbon Storage Study Documents

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Revised And Potential Future Albedo Estimates On Ccsm3 Simulations Of Growing-Season Surface Temperature Fields For North America, Warren E. Heilman, David Y. Hollinger, Xiuping Li, Xindi Bian, Shiyuan Zhong

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Recently published albedo research has resulted in improved growing-season albedo estimates for forest and grassland vegetation. The impact of these improved estimates on the ability of climate models to simulate growing-season surface temperature patterns is unknown. We have developed a set of current-climate surface temperature scenarios for North America using the Community Climate System Model – Version 3 (CCSM3). Simulation results suggest that modifications to the default CCSM3 radiative parameters that are consistent with more recent accurate measurements of albedo values for grasslands and needle-leaf deciduous trees (NDTs) can reduce the overall growing-season surface temperature bias over North America in …

A Comparison Of Ground Cover And Frequency Estimation Methods For Post-Harvest Soil Monitoring, Curtis David Kvamme

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

The amount and type of ground cover is an important characteristic to measure when collecting soil disturbance monitoring data after a timber harvest. Estimates of ground cover and bare soil can be used for tracking changes in invasive species, plant growth and regeneration, woody debris loadings, and the risk of surface water runoff and soil erosion. A new method of assessing ground cover and soil disturbance was recently published by the U.S. Forest Service, the Forest Soil Disturbance Monitoring Protocol (FSDMP). This protocol uses the frequency of cover types in small circular (15cm) plots to compare ground surface in pre- …

The Communicative Construction Of Safety In Wildland Firefighting, Jody Jahn, Linda Putnam, Anne Black

Joint Fire Science Program Research Project Reports

This document is a summary of a mixed methods dissertation that examined the communicative construction of safety in wildland firefighting. For the dissertation, I used a twostudy mixed methods approach, examining the communicative accomplishment of safety from two perspectives: high reliability organizing (Weick, Sutcliffe, & Obstfeld, 1999), and safety climate (Zohar, 1980). In Study One, 27 firefighters from two functionally similar wildland firefighting crews were interviewed about their crew-level interactions involved in implementing safety rules and firefighting tasks. These critical incident narratives (Flanagan, 1954; Gremler, 2004) were compared to extract workgroup level similarities and differences in interaction patterns relating to …