Genetic Gains In Grain Yield In Spring Wheat In Turkey,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Genetic Gains In Grain Yield In Spring Wheat In Turkey, Beyhan Akin, Quahir Sohail, Ri̇za Ünsal, Mehmet Nazim Di̇nçer, Lütfü Demi̇r, Hati̇ce Geren, İsmai̇l Sevi̇m, Şi̇nasi̇ Orhan, Şadi̇ye Yaktubay, Alexey Morgunov
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Genetic gain for grain yield was evaluated in 35 Turkish spring wheat varieties released between 1964 and 2010. The germplasm comprised varieties developed by the East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) in Adana, the Maize Research Station in Adapazarı, and Aegean ARI in İzmir. Out of 34 varieties studied, 24 were selected from CIMMYT germplasm. The trials were conducted during 2009?2013 at the same three sites. Average yearly genetic gain for all varieties was 30.9 kg/ha or 0.62%. The top five highest yielding varieties were all released after 1998: Ziyabey, Menemen, and Meta (İzmir), and Karatopak and Ceyhan (Adana). Plant …
Contents Of Phenolics And Carotenoids In Tomato Grown Underpolytunnels With Different Uv-Transmission Rates,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Contents Of Phenolics And Carotenoids In Tomato Grown Underpolytunnels With Different Uv-Transmission Rates, Bojana Zivanovic, Marija Vidovic, Sonja Milic Komic, Ljubinko Jovanovic, Predrag Kolarz, Filis Morina, Sonja Veljovic Jovanovic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is among the economically most important vegetables in Europe, valued for its bioactive properties due to significant contents of vitamins, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. In this study, the tomato cultivar Big Beef F1 was grown in the open field (OF) and under polytunnels in central Serbia during 3 years. Polytunnels were covered with two foils (both with 57% reduced photosynthetic active radiation, PAR) differing in UV-A and UV-B transmittance. The aim of our work was to determine the influence of light conditions on accumulation of phytonutrients (carotenoids and phenolics) in the peel and flesh of ripe …
Phenolic Compounds In Floral Infusions Of Various Sambucus Species And Their Interspecific Hybrids,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Phenolic Compounds In Floral Infusions Of Various Sambucus Species And Their Interspecific Hybrids, Biljana Todorovic, Maja Mikulic Petkovsek, Franci Stampar, Anton Ivancic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diversity and content of various phenolic compounds in floral infusions of 14 elderberry genotypes (3 species and 9 interspecific hybrids). Detailed phenolic analysis was performed using HPLC-MS. Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) were the major phenolic group identified and 3-, 4-, and 5-caffeoylquinic acids were detected in infusions prepared from all analyzed species and interspecific hybrids. Several flavonols were identified in elderberry floral infusions: 8 isorhamnetin derivatives, 6 quercetin derivatives, 2 flavanones, and 6 kaempferol derivatives. The main flavonols detected in all samples were isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside, isorhamnetin dihexoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, and kaempferol …
Comparison Of Two Halophyte Species (Salsola Soda And Portulaca Oleracea)For Salt Removal Potential Under Different Soil Salinity Conditions, Sema Karakaş, Mehmet Ali̇ Çullu, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Salt-induced land degradation has gradually increased in several major irrigation schemes within arid and semiarid regions. To maximize crop productivity under saline conditions, either salt tolerance crops should be cultivated or areas should be desalinated. One of the most promising and cost-effective ways to maximize crop productivity is to use salt tolerant plants to remove salt from the soil. For this study, four levels of saline soils were cultivated with the halophyte species Salsola soda L. and Portulaca oleracea L. in pots. The soils had the following salinity levels: 1) nonsaline soil (NSS, 0.9 dS m-1), 2) slightly saline soil …
Polyphenols In Northern Hungarian Mentha Longifolia (L.) L. Treatedwith Ultrasonic Extraction For Potential Oenological Uses,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Polyphenols In Northern Hungarian Mentha Longifolia (L.) L. Treatedwith Ultrasonic Extraction For Potential Oenological Uses, Katalin Patonay, Marietta Korozs, Zoltan Muranyi, Erika Pénzesné Kónya
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The main objective of this study is to investigate three equalized batches of a wild Mentha longifolia (ML) population from northern Hungary for extractability by gentle ultrasonic extraction, antioxidant activity, and phenolic constituents. This is the first analytical investigation in a Hungarian population of this species. Antioxidant properties of ML extracts were evaluated with DPPH, photochemiluminescence-O2-. scavenging assay, FRAP, and total polyphenol measurements. HPLC-DAD determination was performed for the main phenolic constituents. The extracts are medium or strong antioxidants in DPPH and FRAP assays and show strong O2-? scavenging capacity. Rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, naringenin, rosmarinic, vanillic, gallic, syringic, caffeic, …
Assessment Of Morphophysiological Traits For Selection Of Heat-Tolerant Potato Genotypes,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Assessment Of Morphophysiological Traits For Selection Of Heat-Tolerant Potato Genotypes, Ufuk Demi̇rel, Sevgi̇ Çalişkan, Caner Yavuz, İlknur Tindaş, Zsolt Polgar, Zsolt Vaszily, István Cernák, Mehmet Emi̇n Çalişkan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Since potato production has been expanded into warmer regions, breeding heat-tolerant potato varieties has also been considered among the top priorities in most breeding programs in recent years. Identification of traits related to heat tolerance in potato is crucial for selection of heat-tolerant genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of 17 potato genotypes to high temperature stress for identifying some candidate traits associated with heat tolerance. Haulm dry weight (HDW), leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), SPAD value, and mean tuber weight (MTW) of potato genotypes at control …
Qtls For Iron Concentration In Seeds Of The Cultivated Lentil (Lens Culinaris Medic.) Via Genotyping By Sequencing,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Qtls For Iron Concentration In Seeds Of The Cultivated Lentil (Lens Culinaris Medic.) Via Genotyping By Sequencing, Seçi̇l Aldemi̇r, Duygu Ateş, Hülya Yilmaz Temel, Bülent Yağmur, Ahmad Alsaleh, Abdullah Kahri̇man, Hakan Özkan, Albert Vandenberg, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Lentil, Lens culinaris Medic., is an important cool season grain legume because of the high level of iron (Fe) in its seeds since Fe deficiency is widespread and causes anemia. Thus, identifying genes controlling Fe concentration in the seed was needed for mapping in the lentil genome. The objectives of this study were to (i) detect phenotypic variation in Fe concentration in the seeds of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, (ii) construct a high-density linkage map using genotyping by sequencing (GBS), and (iii) identify localization of the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling genes for Fe concentration in lentil seeds. …
Natural Dissemination Of Hypovirulent Cryphonectria Parasiticastrain Used For Biological Control Of Chestnut Blight,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Natural Dissemination Of Hypovirulent Cryphonectria Parasiticastrain Used For Biological Control Of Chestnut Blight, Naci̇ye Mükerrem Çeli̇ker, Cevdet Kaplan, Emi̇n Ersi̇n Onoğur, Barbaros Çeti̇nel, Di̇lek Poyraz, Ayşe Uysal
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Chestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica Murr. Barr, is the most serious disease of chestnut trees in Turkey on which several studies related to biological control were conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of the occurrence of healing cankers on untreated chestnut trees and the role of carriers in the spread of hypovirulence by laboratory tests, and to discover the effect of some environmental factors (temperature and relative humidity) on the natural spreading of hypovirulence. The study was carried out in a chestnut grove where biological control studies of the disease had been performed in …
In Vitro Production Protocol Of Vaccinium Uliginosum L. (Bog Bilberry)Growing In The Turkish Flora,
2017
TÜBİTAK
In Vitro Production Protocol Of Vaccinium Uliginosum L. (Bog Bilberry)Growing In The Turkish Flora, Mustafa Cüce, Atalay Sökmen
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This novel approach was designed to increase the production capacity of Vaccinium uliginosum L. via direct organogenesis. Lateral buds containing one or two leaves were initially cultured in McCown woody plant medium (WPM), Anderson's rhododendron medium, and Murashige and Skoog basal media, each supplemented with zeatin/indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and zeatin/naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (1.0/0.1 mg L-1). WPM containing the zeatin/IBA combination was the most effective as the basal medium. Various plant growth regulators (PGRs) were then investigated for the best shoot multiplication, and zeatin was found to be most favorable PGR in all cases. The highest shoot length and shoot …
Effect Of Wood Chip Size On Hemicellulose Extraction Andtechnological Properties Of Flakeboard,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Wood Chip Size On Hemicellulose Extraction Andtechnological Properties Of Flakeboard, Nadi̇r Ayrilmiş, Jin Heon Kwon, Tae Hyung Han
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effect of chip size on hemicellulose extraction of wood and technological properties of flakeboard were investigated. Three different sizes of wood chips were treated with hot water in a digester at 170 °C for 90 min. After hydrothermal treatment, the wood chips were washed with water and then dried in a dryer. Flakes were produced from control and treated chips using a flaker. Flakeboards were produced from the flakes using urea-formaldehyde resin. The results showed that chip size had a significant effect on the chemical properties of hydrothermally treated wood under pressure in hot water. As chip size was …
Afforestation Of Arid And Semiarid Ecosystems In Turkey,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Afforestation Of Arid And Semiarid Ecosystems In Turkey, Servet Çalişkan, Meli̇h Boydak
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Sustainable management of arid and semiarid forests requires careful planning and implementation. Afforestation by planting and seeding is a fundamental tool for the establishment of new forests on barren landscapes and restoration of degraded forests in arid and semiarid ecosystems. In afforestation efforts, the consideration of site preparation, selection of species, seed source, and planting methods pose a number of ecological and economic challenges. Possessing one of the world's richest floras, Turkey suffered from heavy degradation during the last millennia. Some studies suggested that forests and steppes once covered 60%-70% and 10%-15% of the Anatolian landscape, respectively. Growing population, overgrazing, …
Response Of Five Triticale Genotypes To Salt Stress In In Vitro Culture,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Response Of Five Triticale Genotypes To Salt Stress In In Vitro Culture, İsmai̇l Bezi̇rğanoğlu
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Salinity is one of the important abiotic stresses that restrict plant development. Triticale is a highly adaptable crop, known for its high-quality grain, yield potential, and resistance to disease. Responses of five cultivated genotypes (Ümran Hanım, Mikham 2002, Melez 2001, Tatlıcak, and Alper Bey) of triticale to salt stress were tested in callus and embryogenic callus formation in this study. Cotyledon explants were selected as explants for callus induction and embryogenic callus formation. The five tested triticale genotypes varied in their callus growth and embryogenic callus formation. Ümran Hanım, Tatlıcak, and Alper Bey were observed for better callus induction; similarly, …
Diversity And Genetic Analysis Through Dartseq In Common Bean(Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Germplasm From Turkey,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Diversity And Genetic Analysis Through Dartseq In Common Bean(Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Germplasm From Turkey, Seda Nemli̇, Tansel Kaygisiz Aşçioğul, Duygu Ateş, Dursun Eşi̇yok, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most consumed food legume in the world and is a major source of dietary protein, carbohydrates, and valuable micronutrients, especially in developing countries. Diversity Arrays Technology (DArTseq), based on genome reduction with restriction enzymes, provides a rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective tool capable of generating thousands of genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for a genome-wide analysis of genetic diversity. In this study, we aimed to characterize common bean accessions using SNPs detected by a DArTseq approach. A total of 43,018 SNPs were identified from 173 common bean accessions, including Andean and Mesoamerican genotypes. …
Chemical Composition And Morphometric Traits And Yield Ofcarrots Grown In Organic And Integrated Farming Systems,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Chemical Composition And Morphometric Traits And Yield Ofcarrots Grown In Organic And Integrated Farming Systems, Natasa Sink, Maja Mikulic Petkovsek, Robert Veberic, Nina Kacjan Marsic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Changes in chemical composition and quality traits of carrot roots (Daucus carota L.) grown in organic (ORG) and integrated (INT) farming systems were investigated during two successive years. Three carrot cultivars (Fanal, Rodelika, and Rolanka) were included. Determinations of sugars, organic acids, α- and ß-carotene, and vitamin C were performed with an HPLC system, and a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) system was used for the identification and quantification of phenolics. A higher yield of carrot in the ORG system was observed (42-44 t ha-1) as compared with the INT system (37-40 t ha-1). The impact of farming system on morphometric …
The Effects Of Different Plant Densities And Silage Corn Varieties On Silage Yield And Some Yield Parameters In No-Till Seeding, Mehmet Zahi̇d Malasli, Ali̇ Khatami̇, Ahmet Çeli̇k
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, the possibility of growing silage corn, which is used as an important nutrient in livestock and whose production is increasing in recent years, by no-till seeding method under Erzurum conditions was investigated. For this purpose, three silage corn varieties (DKC-5783, Prestige, and ADA-9510) suitable for Erzurum's climatic conditions in terms of vegetation period were selected from a large number of silage corn seeds widely grown throughout Turkey and their development conditions under no-till seeding conditions were investigated. A precision vacuum no-till seeder with double disk type furrow opener was used for silage corn seeding. Based on three …
Structural Integrity And Physical Properties Of Ponderosa Pine Over Time After Death Between Vectors Of Mortality,
2017
University of Montana, Missoula
Structural Integrity And Physical Properties Of Ponderosa Pine Over Time After Death Between Vectors Of Mortality, Edward J. O'Donnell
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
In an era of accelerated climate change, with persistent and increasing disturbance on our landscapes it is important to increase our knowledge of how these natural disturbances effect our lands. This study investigated the changes that take place in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stems after death when killed by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and by fire. Trees killed by mountain pine beetle as well as trees killed by fire were sampled and separated into two age classes, those dead 0-4 years and those dead 4+ years. Data was gathered on the modulus of rupture, modulus …
Dynamics Of Wild Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus L.) And The Influence On Tree Regeneration Within Silvicultural Openings In A Northern Hardwood Stand,
2017
Michigan Technological University
Dynamics Of Wild Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus L.) And The Influence On Tree Regeneration Within Silvicultural Openings In A Northern Hardwood Stand, Matthew J. Widen
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Previous studies have investigated how the abundance of raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) impacts tree regeneration, but few have linked these impacts to location within canopy openings with a legacy tree. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the presence, abundance, and location of raspberries within openings containing legacy trees and the resulting impacts on tree regeneration. During the winter of 2003, 49 openings were created of three sizes: small, medium, large and 20 reference single-tree selection sites in a northern hardwood stand in Ford Forest near Alberta, Michigan. Tree regeneration and vegetative species cover were recorded in 2005 and …
Is Initial Post-Disturbance Regeneration Indicative Of Longer-Term Trajectories?,
2017
Clark University
Is Initial Post-Disturbance Regeneration Indicative Of Longer-Term Trajectories?, Nathan S. Gill, Daniel Jarvis, Thomas T. Veblen, Steward T.A. Pickett, Dominik Kulakowski
Geography
The ability to estimate and model future vegetation dynamics is a central focus of contemporary ecology and is essential for understanding future ecological trajectories. It is therefore critical to understand when the influence of initial post-disturbance regeneration versus stochastic processes dominates long-term post-disturbance ecological processes. Often, conclusions about post-disturbance dynamics are based upon initial regeneration in the years immediately after disturbances. However, the degree to which initial post-disturbance regeneration indicates longer-term trends is likely to be contingent on the types, intensities, and combinations of disturbances, as well as pre-disturbance ecosystem structure and composition. Our relatively limited understanding of why initial …
Molecular Diversity Of Foliar Fungal Endophytes In Relation To Defense Strategies And Disease In Whitebark Pine,
2017
University of Montana, Missoula
Molecular Diversity Of Foliar Fungal Endophytes In Relation To Defense Strategies And Disease In Whitebark Pine, Lorinda Bullington
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
An invasive fungal pathogen, Cronartium ribicola (the causative agent of white pine blister rust) infects and kills whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) throughout the western US. Blister rust has decreased whitebark pine populations by over 90% in some areas. Whitebark pine, a keystone species, has been proposed for listing under the Endangered Species Act in the U.S., and the loss of this conifer is predicted to have severe impacts on forest composition and function in high elevations. Hundreds of asymptomatic fungal species live inside whitebark pine tissue, and recent studies suggest that these fungi can influence the frequency and …
Growth Response Of Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis) Regeneration To Thinning And Prescribed Burn Release Treatments,
2017
University of Montana
Growth Response Of Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis) Regeneration To Thinning And Prescribed Burn Release Treatments, Molly L. Mcclintock Retzlaff
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) plays a prominent role throughout high-elevation ecosystems in the northern Rocky Mountains. It is an important food source for many birds and mammals, as well as a major player in high-elevation watershed maintenance, both slowing snowmelt and stabilizing soils. Whitebark pine is vanishing from the landscape due to three main factors – white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) invasions, mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, and successional replacement by more shade-tolerant tree species historically controlled by wildfire. In the past century, human activity such as fire suppression has altered these …
