Food Science Commons^™

Progress On Effects Of Different Additives On Gelatin Modification, Kang Shasha, Xin Ying, Chen Fusheng

Food and Machinery

Gelatin, the hydrolyzed biopolymer of collagen, is widely used in pharmaceutical, food industries etc. However, its inherent physical and chemical properties can not meet production needs (especially fish gelatin). The research of gelatin modification attracts more attentions. Gelatin chemical crosslinking modified with inorganic compounds (MgSO₄, CaCl₂ and NaCl), organic compounds (pectin, chitosan and aldehyde) and Transglutaminase was introduced in this paper.

Research Advance Of High-Voltage Pulsed Generator In High-Voltage Pulsed Electric Field Sterilization System, Xia Tao, Wu Yunfeng, Wang Shengli, Dai Lei, Hu Boyang, Miao Ling

Food and Machinery

The text summarized the design principle of high pulse generator and it application and prospect, analyzed it advantages and disadvantages round the world and concluded the difficulties in the design.

Progress On Application Of Ultrasound Treatment Technology In Meat Industry, Lei Chen, Xia Yanbin, Che Zaiquan, Ren Mei

Food and Machinery

In this paper summarizes the application of ultrasound technology in meat industry, for example the effect of ultrasound to meat quality and the influence of ultrasound to the processing. In addition, also discussed the disadvantages of ultrasound and the application prospect of ultrasound technology in meat industry.

Preparation And Structure Characterization Of Whitmania Pigra Polypeptide-Zinc Chelates, Zeng Qingrui, Qian Wenju, Wang Mengfan, Zhou Yu, Chen Yuanyuan, Han Yaoping

Food and Machinery

Peptides were prepared form enzymatic hydrolysis of whitmania pigra protein by composite enzyme(papain and flavorzyme) and then made to react with zinc sulfate heptahydrate under certain conditions to produce polypeptide-zinc chelates that qualitative analysis by sodium sulfide method . The structure of polypeptide-zinc chelates was preliminary research by UV, IR, Fluorescence, X diffraction analysis technology to polypeptide and polypeptide-zinc chelates. The results show that the pH of the reaction system,the mass ratio of polypeptide and zinc,the concentration of whitmania pigra polypeptide have a great influence on the reaction of whitmania pigra peptides and zinc sulfate heptahydrate; By comparing analysis the …

Effect Of Sodium Citrate On Physiological Properties And Composition Of Intestinal Microbiota Of Mice, Zhang Ning, Li Dongyao, Zhang Qiuxiang, Zhang Hao, Chen Wei

Food and Machinery

Effects of sodium citrate were investigated on the growth, the serum biochemical parameters and intestinal flora of mice. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, low-dose group (added 0.65% sodium citrate), middle-dose group (added 2.6% sodium citrate) and high-dose group (added 5.2% sodium citrate).The diet intervention lasted for four weeks. Stool samples and weight data were collected weekly, and the composition of intestinal microbiota and the serum biochemical parameters were determined at the end of the fourth week. Results showed that the addition of sodium citrate made the body weight of mice less than control group. And the …

Research On Qualitative Analysis Of Vinegar By Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined With Som And Svm, Hao Yong, Zhao Xiang, Wen Qinhua, Chen Bin

Food and Machinery

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with two discriminative analysis methods including self-organization mapping (SOM) and support vector machine (SVM) were used for discriminant analysis of vinegar with different production year and brand. Continuous wavelet transform (CWT) was adopted for spectra preprocessing. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for spectra dimension reduction and space distribution analysis. The results shown that CWT can effective eliminate spectra translation error. PCA can greatly reduce characteristic spectrum variables and improve modeling efficiency. For identification of vinegar with different production year, the CWT-PCA-SOM method can get 97.37% correct recognition rate (CRR), and the CWT-PCA-SVM method can get …

Study On Monosaccharide Component And Immunomodulatory Activity Of Water Soluble Polysaccharides From Lettuce Stem, Wang Mingchun, Nie Chenzhipeng, Zhu Peilei, Zhao Shiwei, Wang Naifu, Zeng Xiaoxiong, Zhou Yibin

Food and Machinery

In order to study polysaccharides of lettuce stem, lettuce stem was used as materials to prepare water soluble polysaccharides with the method of water extraction-alcohol precipitation. Monosaccharide components and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides were measured by using HPLC and administration route of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The results demonstrated that lettuce stem polysaccharides were mainly composed of galacturonic acid, galatose and arabinose in a mole ratio of 22.60∶30.42∶17.88. In the range of 5～200 μg/mL of test concentrations, lettuce stem polysaccharides significantly promoted the proliferation, phagocytosis and NO product of RAW264.7 macrophage cells, which suggested that lettuce stem polysaccharides had a …

Study On Antioxidant Of Neferine From Lotus Powder, Ren Mei, Xia Yanbin

Food and Machinery

Neferine was studied as object in this study. Using total reducing power, hydroxyl radical system, superoxide radical system, DPPH system, and schaal oven-storage test to study the antioxidant activities and antioxidant activity in rapeseed oil of neferine from lotus powder, which prepared by HSCCC. The results showed: compared with V_C, neferine showed better total reducing power and scavenging effect in free radical system, which its maximum scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical,superoxide radical and DPPH radical was 62.79%, 76.23%, 93.57%, respectively. In addition, different neferine dosage had both dose-effect on the relationship with the antioxidant effect of rapeseed oil. …

Screening Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Highly Producing Glutathione To Brew Cider With Healthcare Function, Huang Jinghan, Xu Jingran, Liu Aiping, Xu Xinbiao, Liu Shuangping, Mao Jian

Food and Machinery

The process of browning seriously influence the cider quality, but the glutathione producing by yeast can inhibit browning in the production and storage of cider. The glutathione (GSH) producing strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y18 was chosen as the starting strain, and after ultraviolet mutagenesis and diethyl sulfate mutagenesis, the strain highly producing GSH was screened by 96-well plates. Secondary screening was carried out by comparing fermenting power and GSH concentration after strain culture in shaker. The mutant strains Y18-20 GSH after screening by 96-well plates producing 46.8 mg/L GSH in the simulation of cider fermentation conditions, and it’s cell capacity of …

Characterization Of Extraction Methods To Recover Phenolic-Rich Extracts From Black Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris) That Inhibit Alpha-Amylase And Alpha-Glucosidase Using Response Surface Approaches, Mazen Alharbi

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Black beans contain high phenolic contents that are considered potent antioxidants. Relatively little is known about their ability to inhibit the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase from releasing glucose from starch and/or disaccharides. The objective of this project was to determine the optimum procedures for extracting total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF) and total condensed tannins (TCT) from black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), and then to determine the ability of the phenolic rich extracts to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Due to their high phenolic levels, it was hypothesized that black beans would be an effective inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which …

Fecal Microbiome In Epidemiologic Studies [Letter], David A. Drew, Paul Lochhead, Galeb Abu-Ali, Andrew T. Chan, Curtis Huttenhower, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

We congratulate Sinha and colleagues on their recent report comparing fecal sample collection methods for epidemiologic studies of the gut microbiome. These data contribute to the increasing body of literature describing robust methodological frameworks for specimen collection and processing. However, their claim that fixation of stool using RNAlater® results in “considerable changes to the microbiome diversity” contrasts with previous findings, including those from their earlier reports. We have previously demonstrated that self-collected stool stabilized with RNAlater® or other fixatives yields high fidelity and reproducibility in compositional profiling of DNA and RNA from shotgun sequence data, compared to immediately-frozen specimens. Additionally, …

Preparation Of A Breadfruit Flour Bar, Carmen L. Nochera, Diane Ragone

Open Access Publishing Support Funded Articles

Breadfruit is a nutritious, high energy food with a low quantity of protein but excellent protein quality. It has the potential to be developed into desired products which will help increase its utilization and add value to the crop. The overall purposes of this investigation were to develop a portable, nutritious, ready-to-eat breadfruit product (bar), test the sensory qualities of the product, and evaluate the nutritional properties of the product. Flour made from the Micronesian variety, Meinpadahk (Artocarpus altilis × Artocarpus mariannensis), was utilized for the development of the breadfruit bar. Breadfruit is a rich source of fiber, …

Behavioral Determinants Of Biofortified Food Acceptance: The Case Of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato In Ghana, Chinonso E. Etumnu

Master's Theses

Biofortified foods are being introduced in sub-Saharan Africa as an important strategy to help address micronutrient malnutrition. However, there has been little research on factors that could play decisive roles in their successful introduction. This paper investigates the determinants of consumer acceptance of biofortified orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) using data from a choice experiment conducted in Ghana. I find that OFSP is preferred to traditional white-fleshed and yellow-fleshed sweet potatoes as indicated by consumers' marginal willingness to pay for the three varieties. I also find that respondents' socio-economic characteristics do not have a significant effect on consumer acceptance of OFSP. …

Dawn Or Doom: The Risks And Rewards Of Emerging Technologies, Diana Hancock, Steve Tally, Gerry Mccartney, Michele Arthur

Purdue P-12 Networking Summit & Poster Session

Dawn or Doom is a free and open to the public conference at Purdue where we focus on benefits and risks surrounding some of the technologies that are both the most disruptive to current practices and being adopted the fastest. A collection of Purdue faculty experts and some outside speakers showcase their many perspectives related to this technology explosion, explore conditions that will foster innovation and investment into the next generation, and address the big-picture issues where both optimism and pessimism are warranted.

Antioxidant And Hepatoprotective Effects Of Procyanidins Fromwild Grape (Vitis Amurensis) Seeds In Ethanol-Induced Cells And Rats, Min Ji Bak, Van-Long Truong, Se-Yeon Ko, Xuan Ngan Giang Nguyen, Pajaree Ingkasupart, Mira Jun, Jin Young Shin, Woo-Sik Jeong

Publications and Research

In the present study, we characterized the antioxidant and hepatoprotective mechanisms underlying of wild grape seed procyanidins (WGP) against oxidative stress damage in ethanol-treated HepG2 cell and Sprague-Dawley (SD)-rat models. In HepG2 cells, WGP not only diminished the ethanol (EtOH, 100 mM)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression, but also renovated both the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of WGP, rats were orally administered 10 or 50 mg/kg WGP once daily for seven days prior to the single oral administration of …

From Empty Lot To Garden Plot: Urban Agriculture In Chula Vista, Jennifer E. Gutierrez

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This project is an exploration of how agriculture can be incorporated into the fabric of the city of Chula Vista, which has both uniquely urban and suburban areas. The proposal is to integrate agriculture as a design tool to reconnect to the city’s agricultural past and as a model for cities of the future. First, I discuss Chula Vista’s history and contemporary context, including demographics. I review the existing urban agriculture policies Chula Vista has and compare them to other cities in California. The second part of the project is concerned with how to choose and develop a site for …

Gluten-Free And Casein-Free Dietary Intervention For Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Avalon Derlacki

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

In the United States, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had a prevalence of 1 in 150 children in 2000. In the year 2012, the prevalence of ASD in the United States jumped to 1 in 68 children (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Due to the increase in diagnoses of ASD, researchers have sought out different ways to help decrease maladaptive symptoms associated with ASD’s. Many parents of children diagnosed with ASD administer a gluten-free and casein-free (GFCF) diet to their children in hopes of reducing their maladaptive symptoms. The project hypothesis states that if a child under the age …

A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet Combined With Six Weeks Of Crossfit Training Improves Body Composition And Performance, Rachel M. Gregory

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is a popular approach to weight and fat loss. CrossFit is a high-intensity power training (HIPT) type exercise for all levels of age and fitness that has gained recognition as one of the fasting growing sports in America. No previous research has been found which examines body composition changes or performance in individuals consuming a LCKD and participating in CrossFit training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week LCKD and CrossFit program on body composition and performance. METHODS: Twenty-seven non-elite CrossFit subjects (mean ± SD age = …

Comparison Of Commercial Gecko Food On Growth Of Rhacodactylus Geckos, Kaitlin Leigh Richard

Honors Projects

Available food sources can provide a different effect on the growth rates of Rhacodactylus auriculatus. In this study three food sources were compared, Repashy MRP, Pangea super foods, and GeckoPro New Caledonian blend. These are composed of similar nutrients but tend to have some points where they vary. Thirty-six gargoyle geckos were put through a trial over a 14 week period to determine which commercially available food source provides the best nutrients for growth, as measured by weight gain. Three groups of twelve were chosen based on a variety of ages and sizes to be given three different foods …

Evaluation Of Protein Source At Breakfast On Energy Metabolism, Metabolic Health, And Food Intake: A Pilot Study, Lauren A. Cambias

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Abstract

Over 30% of adults in the US are obese. A primary contributor to obesity is an unhealthy diet related to imbalanced macronutrients. Diets higher in protein (PRO) are associated with increased energy expenditure (EE) and reduced food intake. The objective of this pilot study was to determine if protein source at breakfast influences EE in young men (n=4; ages 18-35). Participants consumed three isocaloric (whey (WP), pea (PP), beef (BP); 275 kcal, 62% PRO, 23% CHO, 15% Fat) drinks in randomized, crossover design with a one-week washout period. Each test day EE, appetite, and cravings were assessed at 0, …