Food Science Commons^™

Studies On Physicochemical And Structural Properties Of Rice Glutelin At Different Ph Values, Li Shuang, Liu Yongle, Yu Jian, Wang Faxiang, Wang Jianhui, Li Xianghong

Food and Machinery

Among cereal proteins, rice proteins are hypoallergenic, rich in essential amino acids and easily digestible etc. While their lower solubilities under neutral conditions limit their applications in food industry. In present study, the physicochemical and structural properties of rice glutelin at different pH values (pH 3.0, 4.0 and 7.0) were characterized to explore the optimum pH value to dissolve rice protein and expand its application range. The results showed that, compared to the neutral condition, the solubility and structural properties of rice glutelin were changed significantly under the acidic conditions. The protein solubility was only (6.24±1.25)% at pH 7.0, for …

Reliable Screening Of Rutin In Healthcare Products By Hptlc-Dpph Assay, Wang Tiannan, Zhang Huang, Chen Yisheng, Xu Xueming, Huang Caihong

Food and Machinery

The study combines the reaction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with reduce discoloration and high-performance thin layer chromatography to establish a new method for the determination of rutin in healthcare products by HPTLC-DPPH. The effects of DPPH color reaction time, mobile phase, and optical density scanning parameters on chromatographic separation and densitometric results are investigated as well as recovery and precision of the method. The standard addition recovery rate of the method is 82%~97%, and the precision RSD is <10%. It was demonstrated that the method is able to circumvent the interferences from sample matrices with a simplified sample pretreatment. Therefore, the method is suitable for rapid detection of rutin in healthcare products.

Test And Analysis Of Mechanical Properties Of Rubber Fruit Shell Breaking, Wang Yuanrong, Wang Tao, Nie Junfeng

Food and Machinery

In order to study the changing rule of static compressive shell breaking force of rubber fruit under different conditions, the rubber fruit was subjected to the static compression test of the shear force, stabbing force and extrusion force in the loading direction of X, Y and Z respectively. The mechanical model of rubber fruit was established by using finite element method to study the stress and strain and damage law of rubber fruit under compressive load. The test results showed that the relationship between the shell breaking force of the rubber fruit under shear force, stabbing force and extrusion force …

Optimization Of Egg White Protein Spray Drying Process And Its Characteristics, Chen Ke, Liu Lili, Meng Yuanyuan, Dai Xiaoning

Food and Machinery

In this study, egg albumin was used to study the functional properties and structural changes of its relative powder under the optimal spray drying conditions. Taking powder yield rate as index, the optimum process conditions of spray drying were made of the de-sugaring time of 32 h, the feed liquid speed of 466 mL/h, the egg white liquid mass concentration of 29%, the inlet temperature of 140 ℃ and the outlet temperature of 65 ℃. Under this condition, the powder yield rate was 16.17%. The effect of spray drying on the functional properties of egg albumin, such as solubility, emulsifying …

Study On Refining Process And Properties Of Rapeseed Peptides, Yao Yijun, Wang Lifeng, Yin Shi, Xu Feiran, Shi Jiayi, Ju Xingrong

Food and Machinery

In this study, the crude rapeseed peptide was used as the research object. After treatment with powdered activated carbon, peptide solution was adsorbed onto DA201-C macroporous adsorption resin and then desorbed by ethanol to obtain rapeseed refined peptides (RP75). The basic composition, antithrombotic activity, anti-inflammatory activity and amino acid composition of rapeseed refined peptides (RP75) were also analyzed. The results showed that the optimum process for the refining of the DA201-C macroporous adsorption resin were peptide concentration 30 mg/mL, flow rate 3 BV/h, pH 4.5 and desorption concentration of the ethanol 75%. Peptide content was 74.94%, no glucosinolate or phytic …

Elementary Study On The Construction Of Hplc Characteristic Chromatogramand Spectral-Effect Relationship Of Anthocyanin Extract In Onion, Xiao Ruixi, Wang Xinyue, Chen Huaguo, Zhou Xin

Food and Machinery

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was used to detect anthocyanin extract from onion in 10 regions and the common peaks were identified. The Pearson Correlation Analysis and Grey Relation Aanlysis were used to analyze the correlation between its common peaks, content, antioxidant activity (the ability to scavenge DPPH, ABTS free radicals) and AChE inhibitory activitiy. Result: According to the characte-ristics of HPLC and relative retention time of different batches of onion anthocyanins, and the characteristic chromatograms of onion anthocyanins were established. The chromatograms of anthocyanin extract from onion in 10 different regions were similar to the control fingerprints, …

The Total Western Diet And Vancomycin Treatment Increase Inflammation-Mediated Colorectal Cancer--Microbiome Sequencing Data, Korry Hintze, Niklas Aardema

Browse all Datasets

Data includes .biom and mapping files (.txt) of microbiome data sequenced via 16s rRNA sequencing and processed using the latest version of QIIME. A complete dataset of 16S rRNA sequencing of terminal fecal samples is provided as a digital data .biom file. Biom files are readable through QIIME software, available at Qiime.org. A mapping file, formatted as a tab-delimited .txt file, is also available.

Effect Of Hot Water Treatment Of In-Shell Pecans On Physicochemical Properties And Consumer Acceptability Of Roasted Pecan Kernels, Karuna Kharel, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Charles J. Graham, Achyut Adhikari

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of hot water pre-treatment of in-shell pecans on physicochemical properties, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of dehulled and roasted kernels was evaluated. In-shell pecans were first subjected to hot water at 70, 80 and 90 °C for 8.6, 6.6 and 4.6 min respectively and kernels were later dry roasted at 160 °C for 10 min. The physicochemical properties of hot water treated and untreated nuts, before and after roasting were determined. Furthermore, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of the roasted kernels were determined. Hot water treatment, alone and subsequent roasting had minimal effect on pecans’ physicochemical properties. Consumers …

Modifying The Physical Properties Of Butter Using High-Intensity Ultrasound, Jiwon Lee, Silvana Martini

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The physical qualities of butter are affected by the physical properties of the cream used to make it. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) on the physical properties of cream and butter. High-intensity ultrasound (frequency: 20 kHz, amplitude: 108 µm), often called sonication, was applied for 0, 10, 30, 60, and 90 s using a 1.27-cm-diameter tip to heavy cream (40% fat; 300 g) that was aged at 7.5°C with low agitation (40 rpm) for 90 min. Sonicated cream was churned at 7.5°C until butter grains were formed. The solid fat content …

Attachment Strength And On-Farm Die-Off Rate Of Escherichia Coli On Watermelon Surfaces, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Kathryn Fontenot, Ronald Strahan, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Cameron Cason, Karuna Kharel, Achyut Adhikari

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Pre-harvest contamination of produce has been a major food safety focus. Insight into the behavior of enteric pathogens on produce in pre-harvest conditions will aid in developing pre-harvest and post-harvest risk management strategies. In this study, the attachment strength (SR) and die-off rate of E. coli on the surface of watermelon fruits and the efficacy of aqueous chlorine treatment against strongly attached E. coli population were investigated. Watermelon seedlings were transplanted into eighteen plots. Prior to harvesting, a cocktail of generic E. coli (ATCC 23716, 25922 and 11775) was inoculated on the surface of the watermelon fruits …

The Phytoremediative Effects Of Cilantro (Coriandrum Sativum) In Lead Contaminated Soil, Sierra D. Garrett, Timothy D. Trott

Research in Biology

Environmental exposure to heavy metals such as lead pose a significant health threat. The goal of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of Coriandrum sativum (Cilantro) as a potential lead (II), Pb²⁺, phytoremediator. C. sativumplants were allowed to grow for 43 days while exposed to with different amounts of lead nitrate, Pb(NO₃)₂. Lead exposure was accomplished by regular watering with a concentration series of lead nitrate solutions. The roots and shoots of these plants were separated and dried. Ground plant material was liquefied by nitric acid digestion. The amount of lead absorbed …

Water Management, Imsa Fusion

An Epidemiological Approach to Addressing Food Insecurity

Objectives:

• Develop a technique to measure the porosity of soil.
• Explain how a high water table can reduce crop yields.
• Design and test a drainage tiling system.

Row Spacing Models, Imsa Fusion

An Epidemiological Approach to Addressing Food Insecurity

Objectives:

• Identify multiple row spacing models used by soybean farmers and determine how these planting arrangements impact crop yield.
• Explore how row spacing influences the amount of access that a plant has to the natural resources it needs to grow.
• Recommend a row spacing model that considers overall yield, economic efficiency, and potential environmental threats for a hypothetical farmer.

Soil Science, Imsa Fusion

An Epidemiological Approach to Addressing Food Insecurity

Objectives:

• Understand that soil is composed of inorganic and organic solid material, water, and air.·Investigate the properties of the inorganic solid components of soil: sand, silt, and clay.
• Recognize that varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay in a soil impact the soil’s ability to hold and transmit water. Experimentally determine the soil texture of a local soil sample.
• Determine the chemical composition of a local soil sample for pH, nitrate, phosphorus, and potassium levels.
• Analyze a given soil’s ability to support crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, and oats.
• Provide recommendations for amending a given soil to support the …

Effects Of Harvest Time On The Aroma Of White Wines Made From Cold-Hardy Brianna And Frontenac Gris Grapes Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction And Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Olfactometry, Somchai Rice, Madina Tursumbayeva, Matthew Clark, David Greenlee, Murlidhar Dharmadhikari, Anne Fennell Dr, Jacek A. Koziel

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

The Midwest wine industry has shown a marked increase in growers, hectares planted, wineries, and wine production. This growth coincides with the release of cold-hardy cultivars such as Brianna and Frontenac gris, in 2001 and 2003, respectively. These white grape varieties account for one-third of the total area grown in the state of Iowa. It is generally accepted that the wine aroma profile plays a crucial role in developing a local, sustainable brand. However, the identity of Brianna/Frontenac Gris-based wine aromas and their link to the grape berry chemistry at harvest is unknown. This study aims to preliminarily characterize key …

Climatic Trends Of West Virginia: A Representative Appalachian Microcosm, Evan Kutta, Jason Hubbart

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

During the late 19th and very early 20th centuries widespread deforestation occurred across the Appalachian region, USA. However, since the early 20th century, land cover rapidly changed from predominantly agricultural land use (72%; 1909) to forest. West Virginia (WV) is now the USA’s third most forested state by area (79%; 1989–present). It is well understood that land cover alterations feedback on climate with important implications for ecology, water resources, and watershed management. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of climatic changes during reforestation in WV remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation data were acquired …

Fat Uptake Reduction In Deep-Fried Chicken Breast, Lovie G. Matthews

Theses

Obesity is the deposit of excessive adipose tissue on the body due to the overconsumption of nutritionally inadequate foods. The fat in the deep-fat fried chicken is derived from the oil absorption during frying. High consumption of deep-fat fried foods may lead to cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The main objectives of this experiment were to reduce the fat uptake in deep-fat fried chicken breast by developing an edible coating made of chicken breast protein isolates (CPI) as well as replace the corn starch in batter with sweet potato starch to further examine the quality attributes of the battering systems. In …

Jackrabbit Dairy And Food Review, Vikram V. Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

This is the Winter 2017- 2018 Jackrabbit Dairy and Food Review. It contains the following articles and information: Message from the Department Head, 2017 Graduates, David A. Thompson Endowment, New Faculty and Visitors, information on the Dairy Club and Food Science Club, Judging Activities, Student Accomplishments, Professional Activities of Faculty and Staff, Distinguished Alumni, Dairy Facilities, a list of Scholarships and Dairy and Food Science Students, information on Departmental Outreach and Research Highlights.

The One Health Initiative: The Intersection Of Human, Animal, And Environmental Health, Mary Evelyn Pearsall

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

The One Health concept is a global strategy for strengthening interdisciplinary collaborations among health care for humans, animals, and the environment. The purpose of this honors capstone project is to study the One Health Initiative and create a comprehensive thesis on what the initiative is and how it is relevant to different sectors of health. An overview of prevalent zoonotic diseases will be provided including how they are transmitted and their global relevance. Case studies on zoonotic diseases will be used in which the effectivity of a One Health approach can be analyzed. In addition, relevant sections on One Health …

Buffer Capacity And Malate Concentration Analysis Of Wort, Jacob Kaspryk, David Benson

Summer Research

• Determine the concentration of malate in different types of barley using Ion Chromatography.
• Analyze the buffer capacity of different types of barley by titration.
• Find how malt type varies malate concentration and buffer capacity