Food Science Commons^™

Influence Of Different Pressure On Heat Transfer Of Nozzle With Different Sizes, Gu Hanwen, Xie Jing, Wang Jinfeng

Food and Machinery

Food industry is demanding higher and higher quality of frozen food, and the quickfreezer can well meet this requirement. In this study, the internal flow field of quick freezer with slit nozzle type was taken as the research object.Three different sizes of nozzle structures based on inlet pressure of 190 Pa, 170 Pa and 160 Pa, numerical simulation and field test of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used to compare the differences of internal flow field and heat transfer characteristics of three nozzle structures under different pressure conditions. The results showed that the outlet wind velocity, Nusselt number and uniformity …

Effects Of Antioxidants On Properties And Lipid Oxidation Of Partially Frozen Storageloach, Lu Xiaochuan, Wang Xiaojun, Shang Yongbiao

Food and Machinery

The effects of different treatments including clove extract，phystic acid，rapeseed，BHT and V_E on properties and lipid oxidation of partially frozen storage（-2.5 ℃）loach were studied. The results showed that, with the prolongation of storage time, the sensory comprehensive score of different treatment groups decreased gradually; the pH value first descendedand rose; juice loss showed an increasing trend; the shear force value declined significantly (P<0.05); TVB-N values increased, and TVB-N values of all treatment groups were less than the maximum 20 mg/100 g at 24 d, in the acceptable range; the values of thiobarbituric acid and peroxide of the loach increased significantly (P<0.05); the saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents showed an increasing trend, and the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) decreased. The trend of all the above treatment groups was better than the control group. With the comprehensive analyses, the results showed that the shelf life of the control group was 8~12 days, and the antioxidant group could be 20~ 24 days, under the partially frozen condition. It was also found that the phytic acid, BHT and V_E showed stronger antioxidant capacity in the treated groups, with more effective inhibition of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and better maintaining of the food quality and processing performance.

Preparation Of Kiwi Fruit Seed Oil Micro-Emulsion And Its Shelf Life Prediction, Cai Chengchen, Zhu Shiye, Xiong Wuguo, Li Jiaxing, Yi Qian, Wei Zilu

Food and Machinery

Taking kiwi fruit seed oil as raw material, the quasi three element phase diagram method was used to prepare the micro-emulsion and its stability was analyzed to predict its shelf life. For the purpose, the quasi-ternary phase diagram of kiwi fruit seed oil micro-emulsion in the presence of surfactant is 1,2-propylene glycol, preparation temperatures was 30 ℃ and different proportion of kiwi fruit seed oil to IPM, Tween 80 to Span 80 and Km value was constructed by calculating and comparing the size of the micro-emulsion area. Taking peroxide values(POV) as stability evaluation index, the antioxidant stability effects of kiwi …

Comparison Of Functional Components And Antioxidant Activities In Jaboticaba Wine And Grape Wine, Qiu Shanlian, Zheng Kaibin, Lin Baomei, Zhang Shuhe

Food and Machinery

In order to understand the differences of functional components and antioxidant activities in dry red jaboticaba wine and dry red grape wines, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, resveratrol, tannins, phenolic acids, vitamins, anthocyanins and minerals contents in wine were determined, and the antioxidant activities were investigated by using the methods including DDPH, ABTS, phenanthroline and FRAP. Results showed that the varieties and contents of the functional components of dry red jaboticaba wine and two kinds of dry red grape wine (a French dry red wine and a domestic dry red wine) have their own characteristics and advantages. The contents of gallic …

Optimization On The Formula Of The Compound Vermicelli Frompurple Potato Starch By D-Optima Mixture Design, Zeng Xuedan, Zhang Can, Wang Zhangying, Jiang Guangyang, Shen Guanghui, Wu Hejun, Chen Anjun, Li Shanshan, Zhang Zhiqing

Food and Machinery

In order to optimize the quality of vermicelli of purple potato starch, the formula of five kinds of starch from purple potato, sweet potato, tapioca, potato and purple potato residue powder, were investigated with the D-optimal mixture design. The principal component analysis and dimensionless normalization method were used to comprehensively assess the quality of vermicelli from purple potato starch. During the mixture design experiment, the linear regression models were built based on the response values of the three synthesis scores of the texture characteristics (T₁), cooking characteristics (T₂) and sensory characteristics (T₃). The results …

Progress Of Analytical Methods For Antibiotic Residues In Plant-Derived Food, Zhou Jie, An Jiao, Dong Chao, Zhao Jing, Zhang Yaohai, Jiao Bining

Food and Machinery

In order to assess the health risks of antibiotic exposure to humans, it is needed to establish the rapid screening and confirmation testing methods for antibiotic residues in plant samples. This paper briefly introduces the registration and limit standards of agricultural antibiotics in China, the origin and accumulation of antibiotics in plant-derived foods, especially the present pretreatment and detection techniques of antibiotic residues in plant-derived foods, and prospects the work in this field.

Pilot Test Of An Online Asa24 Training With Efnep Educators, Lori Andersen Spruance, Abiodun Atoloye, Deirdre Douglass, Thea Palmer Zimmerman, Patricia M. Guenther, Karen Franck, Teresa Henson, Carla J. Moore, Gina Wood, Carrie M. Durward

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability and usability of an online training to prepare Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) educators to collect 24-hr dietary recalls using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24). Fifty-eight educators in 17 states were recruited to take the training; 29 completed the online training, assisted two individuals in completing a 24-hr recall using ASA24, and completed a survey about their experiences. The sample included 26 respondents. The majority (n = 16; 61.5%) of the sample was EFNEP educators with college education. The majority of the respondents indicated …

Standardization And Extrapolation Of Icing Stability, Shelf Life, And Safety Under Heat Abuse, Jaden Castinado

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Inquiries from Kansas citizens requested information on the stability, shelf life, and safety of icings on baked goods after prolonged exposure to heat without refrigeration, often common at county and state fairs. Methods include compiling a sample of icing recipes from Kansas citizens and entering into a database so that recipes could be sorted by factors such as sugar and/or dairy content. A central composite design will then be used to identify trials with variable amounts of sugar, dairy, and sugar with dairy. Current work is focused on creating a concise and navigable database with sufficient data to create a …

The Role Of Iron Fortification And Supplementation In Addressing Iron Deficiency, Kevin Loya

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Affecting an estimated 2 billion people, iron deficiency continues to be a leading risk factor causing disability and death worldwide. Iron deficiency is caused when the body fails to produce hemoglobin due to the lack of iron uptake. Ultimately, this can cause iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent type of anemia in the world. There are many different forms that can be supplemented to avoid iron deficiency anemia but determining the most effective form will help us understand future directions of iron fortification. We reviewed randomized controlled trials using electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, …

Regulatory Disclosure Policies And Potential Induced Changes In Behavior: An Outcome Evaluation Of Santa Clara County’S Enhanced Food Safety Program Elements, Christian Cruz

Master's Projects

Despite countless advances in food microbiology and public health regulations, foodborne illness continues to be a major strain on public health outcomes and a costly economic burden. In the United States, many agencies are responsible for ensuring the quality of food, both domestically produced and imported. States and localities are delegated the responsibility of identifying and ensuring sound practices in the latter stages of the food production process, namely the retail distribution of food products to consumers.

Regulatory policies across the nation have only recently incorporated the evidenced-based principles of hazard risk management (Law, 2003). Still, food-related acute gastrointestinal illnesses …

You Are What You Eat At Any Age: Carbon And Nitrogen Analysis Of Mummies From An Ancient Egyptian Necropolis, Stephen Funk, R. Paul Evans

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2019

The BYU Egypt Project at Fag el-Gamus necropolis and adjacent Seila Pyramid has studied over 700 mummies excavated over the past 30 years. The necropolis includes an open area with densely located vertical burial shafts and a hill with horizontal burial shafts. The chronological and dietary history of the mummies was assessed using stable isotopy and 14C analysis of accessible biological samples.

Comparison Of Organic Food Packaging In Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain And Italy, Sara Paunonen, Marja Pitkänen, Mika Vähä-Nissi, Ville Leminen, Mika Kainusalmi

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The objective of this study was to provide a snapshot of organic food assortments in supermarkets in Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, and Italy, and compare the packages used for five organic food products (eggs, meat, fish, mushrooms, berries). In addition, a comparison was made between packaging for regular and organic whole eggs. The highest number of organic products was found in the Danish supermarket. The main difference between the countries was in the use of national organic logos. Of the different food products, egg cartons had the most variation in materials and visual design. In all countries the product …

Long-Term Use Of Antibiotics And Risk Of Colorectal Adenoma, Yin Cao, Kana Wu, Raaj Mehta, David A. Drew, Mingyang Song, Paul Lochhead, Long H. Nguyen, Jacques Izard, Charles S. Fuchs, Wendy S. Garrett, Curtis Huttenhower, Shuji Ogino, Edward L. Giovannucci, Andrew T. Chan

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Objective—Recent evidence suggests that antibiotic use, which alters the gut microbiome, is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. However, the association between antibiotic use and risk of colorectal adenoma, the precursor for the majority of colorectal cancers, has not been investigated.

Design—We prospectively evaluated the association between antibiotic use at age 20–39 and 40–59 (assessed in 2004) and recent antibiotic use (assessed in 2008) with risk of subsequent colorectal adenoma among 16,642 women aged ≥60 enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study who underwent at least one colonoscopy through 2010. We used multivariate logistic regression to calculate odds ratios …

Miami Craft Brewery Collection, David Lanster

Library Research Scholars Program 2018-2019

The Miami food scene - including restaurants, breweries, bakeries, and distilleries - is in a state unlike any it has experienced before. Fueled by innovators in cuisine and tangible public excitement, it is an unprecedented time in terms of both quantity and quality for South Floridians to eat and drink. The Miami Craft Brewery Collection effort within the Special Collections hopes to document and celebrate the rise of Craft Brewing in Miami through the collection of brewery documents, advertising ephemera, bottles/labels, actual beer, and oral histories from prominent leaders in the field.

Evaluating The Impact Of Feed Supplementation On Productive And Reproductive Efficiency In Smallholder Dairy Cattle In Arusha, Tanzania, Hayley Hall

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study was performed to determine if supplementing concentrates and/or minerals significantly affect productive and reproductive efficiency in smallholder dairy cattle in Arusha, Tanzania. The goal was to estimate the necessity and effectiveness of supplementing a forage diet on production and reproduction. Data was collected through interviews of small scale dairy cattle owners in nine regions within and around Arusha. Productive efficiency was measured by milk yield per cow per day. Reproductive efficiency was evaluated by the amount of time to heat resumption after calving and reproductive disease status. This was studied because determining the factors that improve the efficiency …

Islands In A Sea Of Aaruul: Globalization And Mongolian Cheesemakers, Pearse Anderson

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Despite being a sparsely-populated country with less than 2% of its land arable, Mongolia has developed a rich and complex food culture, notably for its meat and dairy products, which could soon be at an historic high thanks to the tens of millions of animals on Mongolian pastureland. Many Mongolians and non-Mongolians view the countryside as a sea of milk that is currently being underutilized for economic exploitation. Various projects, whether funded and organized by international NGOs, the Mongolian government, or private companies, have tried to use Mongolian’s dairy resources to fill Mongolian demand, with more recent private ventures also …

Belcher, Michael Thomas, B. 1998 (Fa 1383), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

FA Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 1383. “Last But Not Yeast: Amateur Brewers in Bowling Green [Kentucky],” an honors project created by Michael Belcher for a WKU folk studies class.

Encapsulation Of Astaxanthin-Enriched Camelina Seed Oil Obtained By Ethanol-Modified Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction, Liyang Xie

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Astaxanthin is a high-value carotenoid widely used in the food, feed, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Natural sources of astaxanthin are preferable to synthetic sources. However, current sources of natural astaxanthin are limited and fall short of global demand. In addition, effective extraction and stabilization strategies are needed before the utilization of natural astaxanthin in food applications. This work investigated 1) the feasibility of ethanol-modified supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of astaxanthin from engineered camelina seed, a potential source of natural astaxanthin, and 2) the potential of an emulsion-based system to protect astaxanthin after extraction. The physical properties of the emulsion …

Eating Some Invasive Species Could Help To Mitigate The Impacts Of Climate Change-Related Invasions, And May Increase Future Food Security, Jesse Bull Saffeir

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Climate change is predicted to increase the spread and abundance of invasive species and to erode global food security. I hypothesized that by incorporating edible invasive species into local food sheds, these two problems could help to mitigate each other. I set out to answer two questions: could eating invasive species reduce their spread and abundance? And could eating invasive species minimize the impacts of climate-change related food shocks? To answer these questions, I surveyed the existing literature on human consumption of invasive species, created a list of criteria that make an invasive species suitable for management through human consumption, …

Antioxidant And Antidiabetic Properties Of Chinese And Indian Bitter Melons (Momordica Charantia L.), Li Wang, Arvazena Clardy, Dafeng Hui, Aiwu Gao, Ying Wu

Biology Faculty Research

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) has been used for anti-diabetes treatment for decades. Indian and Chinese bitter melons (BM) are two commonly produced cultivars in the US market. This study has comparatively evaluated the effects of two processing methods (fresh and freeze-drying) on Chinese and Indian BM by measuring their bioactivity in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), total triterpene content (TTC), antioxidant activity, and antidiabetic properties using the DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power assays, and the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. The TPC (GAE mg/g dw) in freeze-dried BM were 6.03 and 6.09, and in fresh BM …