Food Science Commons^™

Small Bowel Stomas Are Associated With Higher Risk Of Circulating Food-Specific-Igg Than Patients With Organic Gastrointestinal Conditions And Colostomies, Walker K. Carson, Joseph L. Baumert, Jennifer Clarke, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Objective The effects of food sensitivity can easily be masked by other digestive symptoms in ostomates and are unknown. We investigated food-specific-IgG presence in ostomates relative to participants affected by other digestive diseases.

Design Food-specific-IgG was evaluated for 198 participants with a panel of 109 foods. Immunocompetency status was also tested. Jejunostomates, ileostomates, and colostomates were compared with individuals with digestive tract diseases with inflammatory components (periodontitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, duodenitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and appendicitis), as well as food malabsorption due to intolerance. A logistic regression model with covariates was used to estimate the effect of the experimental data …

Exploring Factors Associated With The Eating Behaviours And Influences On Food Choice In Irish Teens, Aisling Daly

Doctoral

Aim The aim of this research was to understand the eating behaviour traits and food choice motivations of Irish teens, and to investigate the social, psychological, and attitudinal determinants of these eating behaviour traits and influences on food choice.

Methods Mixed methods were used in this research, using quantitative analysis of data from the National Teens’ Food Survey II (NTFSII), a cross-sectional study of teens aged 13-18 years old (N=428). Data predominantly came from the TFEQ-r18 and VARSEEK tools for eating behaviour traits, and the FCQ tool for food choice motivations, as well as socio-demographics, anthropometrics, behaviour/attitudes and dietary intakes. …

Determination Of Allergen Levels, Isoforms, And Their Hydroxyproline Modifications Among Peanut Genotypes By Mass Spectrometry, Justin Marsh, Lee K. Palmer, Stef J. Koppelman, Philip E. Johnson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The recently published reference genome of peanuts enables a detailed molecular description of the allergenic proteins of the seed. We used LC-MS/MS to investigate peanuts of different genotypes to assess variability and to better describe naturally occurring allergens and isoforms. Using relative quantification by mass spectrometry, minor variation of some allergenic proteins was observed, but total levels of Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 6 were relatively consistent among 20 genotypes. Previously published RPHPLC methodology was used for comparison. The abundance of three Ara h 3 isoforms were variable among the genotypes and contributed to a large proportion of total …

Updated Threshold Dose-Distribution Data For Sesame, Paul J. Turner, Magdalena Gretzinger, Nandinee Patel, Helen A. Brough, R. Sharon Chinthrajah, Motohiro Ebisawa, Arnon Elizur, Jennifer J. Koplin, Rachel L. Peters, Natasha Purington, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn, Sarah Saf, Hugh A. Sampson, Joost Westerhout, W. Marty Blom, Joseph L. Baumert, Geert F. Houben, Benjamin C. Remington

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Sesame is classified as a “major” food allergen for which mandatory disclosure is required. Understanding reaction thresholds and how these vary within the allergic population is crucial in providing appropriate dietary advice to patients, providing guidance to the food industry, and informing dosing regimens for oral food challenges (FC). However, the largest data series used to derive a threshold dose-distribution for sesame included blinded challenge data from just 40 individuals.¹ Data from low-dose, open FC can be used to supplement that from blinded FC, reducing uncertainty in estimating threshold dose-distributions for allergenic foods which otherwise lack sufficient data.^{2 …}

The Site Evaluation Of Quercus Alba Metabolites, Zachary Alexander Byrd

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Quercus alba has been the prominent tree species utilized in the spirits industry for decades. Of its many qualities, the ability to impart desirable flavors on spirits combined with its natural abundance makes it the ideal choice for barrels. Creating barrels is a uniform process, but variability still exists in aged spirits even when all other parameters are controlled. In this thesis, I explore how the origin of Quercus alba influences metabolite variability.

Quercus alba is a resilient species that can grow in many climates. This is seen through Quercus alba’s vast growing range, of which barrel quality white oak …

An Evaluation Of Eragrostis Tef For Future Cultivar Development, Eric Wayne Luteyn

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The many benefits of utilizing teff (Eragrostis tef) as small grain is well documented in journal publications. Over time the domestication of this species has become essential to the diets of the local population and the livestock living in the African highlands. Current research points to a high diversity of trait characteristics found in many teff populations and the potential utilization of these traits to increase desirable characteristics in both grain and forage varieties. With the overarching goal of adding to what is already known about teff, this study evaluates the different traits that are of interest to …

Exploring Flavor Enhancer Metabolites Of Chaya Leaves Cnidoscolus Spp., Nuti Hutasingh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Umami, described as brothy and meat-like flavor, is one of the key factors in the successful savory food product development. It acts as a taste enhancer and improves overall acceptability. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the most common synthetic compound added to savory providing umami taste. Many consumers, however, have a negative attitude toward this substance. Thus, natural ingredients providing umami taste as a substitute for MSG could be beneficial for commercial purposes. Chaya (Cnidoscolus spp.) is a fast-growing and drought-resistant plant whose leaves have been widely used as a dried umami seasoning. However, the key umami substances in the leaves …

Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide For Inactivation Of Salmonella And Enterococcus Faecium Nrrl B-2354 On Dried Basil Leaves, Tushar Verma, Xinyao Wei, Byron D. Chaves, Terry Howell Jr., Jeyamkondan Subbiah

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This research aims to investigate the efficacy of chlorine dioxide gas on the inactivation of Salmonella on dried basil leaves and evaluate the suitability of E. faecium as a surrogate for Salmonella. Dried basil leaves (2.0 ± 0.1 g) inoculated with a 5-strain Salmonella cocktail or E. faecium were packed in a paper bag, heat-sealed, and placed inside a chlorine dioxide treatment chamber. The samples were exposed to different levels of gas concentration (5, 10, and 15 mg/L) and relative humidity (60, 70, 80%) for various exposure times. The treated samples were diluted with neutralizing buffer and plated onto …

High Resistant Starch Rice: Variation In Starch Related Snps, And Functional, And Sensory Properties, Ming Hsuan Chen, Karen Bett-Garber, Jeanne Lea, Anna Mcclung, Christine Bergman

Hospitality Faculty Research

Human diets containing greater resistant starch (RS) are associated with superior glycemic control. Although high amylose rice has higher RS (29 g/kg to 44 g/kg) than lower amylose content varieties, sensory and processing properties associated with RS have not been evaluated. This study used variants of Waxy and starch synthase II a (SSIIa) genes to divide high amylose (256 g/kg to 284 g/kg) varieties into three haplotypes to examine their effects on RS, RVA parameters, and 14 cooked rice texture properties. RVA characteristics were influenced by both genes with peak and hotpaste viscosity differentiating the three haplotypes. Setback from hotpaste …

Evaluation Of The Kitchen Microbiome And Food Safety Behaviors Of Predominantly Low-Income Families, Christina K Carstens, Joelle K Salazar, Shreela V Sharma, Wenyaw Chan, Charles Darkoh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bacterial pathogens in the domestic environment present a risk to residents, particularly among susceptible populations. However, the impact of consumer demographic characteristics and food handling methods on kitchen microbiomes is not fully understood. The domestic kitchen bacterial communities of ten predominantly low-income families in Houston, TX, were assessed in conjunction with a cross-sectional food safety survey to evaluate differences in household and surface-specific microbiomes and bacterial foodborne pathogen presence. Three kitchen surfaces within each household, including the sink drain, the refrigerator handle, and the counter, were environmentally sampled and metataxonomically evaluated via targeted 16S rRNA sequencing. Disposable dish sponges were …

Biofabrication Of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Their Use As Carriers For Pectinase And Xylanase, Shady S. Hassan, Brendan Duffy, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized via exposure of fungal cell filtrate from Aspergillus flavus to aqueous iron ions. The extracellular synthesis of MNPs was monitored by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and showed an absorption peak at 310 nm. The morphology of MNPs was found to be flake-like, as confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), while the average crystallite size was ∼16 nm, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed to confirm the presence of elemental Fe in the sample. Pectinase and xylanase were covalently immobilized on MNPs with efficiencies …

Application Of Mass Spectrometry For Characterization Of Plant-Based Phenolics And Alkaloids, Masoumeh Dorrani

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Plant-derived compounds have the potential to produce value-added compounds with a variety of applications. For example, the lignin part of the lignocellulosic biomass, produced in large quantities as waste from the paper and pulp industries, is a rich source of phenolics with potential applications in the renewable energy sector, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. On the other hand, plant alkaloids are the primary source for developing plant-derived therapeutics. Unfortunately, the recalcitrant nature of plant cell walls, low extraction yields of small secondary metabolites, and the lack of effective analytical methods for a rapid and accurate identification of plant-based compounds and plant’s …

Production Of Calcium Reduced Micellar Casein Concentrate Powders And Their Use In Process Cheese Products, Anil Kommineni

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Protein is an essential dietary component, and sufficient intake is vital in a healthy and balanced diet. Consumers are becoming increasingly aware of and knowledgeable about the role of protein in the diet. Two of the next-generation dairy protein ingredients isolated from milk are micellar casein (MCC) and milk-derived whey protein, isolated from skim milk using microfiltration (MF). Membrane filtration has been used extensively by the dairy industry to produce a variety of dairy ingredients from milk. MCC manufactured from freshly pasteurized milk can be directly consumed or as a supplement to fortify and enhance nutritional qualities in processed food …

Food Neophobia Across The Life Course: Pooling Data From Five National Cross-Sectional Surveys In Ireland, Daniel Hazley, Mairead Stack, Janette Walton, Breige A. Mcnulty, John Kearney

Articles

Food neophobia describes a reluctance to eat novel foods. Levels of food neophobia vary throughout life and are thought to peak in childhood. However, the trajectory of food neophobia across the life course is not fully clear. Using data from five national cross-sectional surveys in Ireland we explored levels of food neophobia in males and females aged 1–87 years. In addition, we assessed the influence of sociodemographic factors, breastfeeding and parental food neophobia on food neophobia. Food neophobia was measured using the Food Neophobia Scale in adults and adolescents and with the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire in preschool and school …

Screening Of Lactic Acid Bacteria That Have Health Promoting Effect From Thai Local Fermented Foods, Md Faridunnabi Nayem

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Aging has become one of the most important health considerations. Aging is caused by the generation of reactive oxygen species and the activity of free radicals which degenerate the cells in the human body. Aging is the prime factor for different types of diseases like cancer, cardiovascular problems, type II diabetics, hypertension, imbalance of important gut microbiota, and other diseases. Probiotics from fermented foods aid in health promoting functionalities as a function of antioxidant activity and promoting longevity which allows them to be a potential source of supplement. These factors open an interesting prospect of screening well known probiotics, especially …

อิทธิพลของความเค็มต่อองค์ประกอบกรดไขมันและการแสดงออกของยีนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการสังเคราะห์กรดไขมันไม่อิ่มตัวเชิงซ้อนในโคพีพอด Apocyclops Royi, สุภิดา เกื้อกอบ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

โคพีพอด Apocyclops royi เป็นแพลงก์ตอนสัตว์ขนาดเล็กกลุ่มครัสเตเชียน ที่นิยมนำมาเป็นอาหารมีชีวิตในการอนุบาลลูกสัตว์น้ำ โคพีพอดมีความสามารถในการสังเคราะห์กรดไขมันสายยาวไม่อิ่มตัวเชิงซ้อน (Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; LC-PUFA) ผ่านการทำงานของเอนไซม์ดีเซสทูเรส (Desaturase) และอีลองเกส (Elongase) งานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาลักษณะสมบัติและบทบาทของยีน desaturase-like (ArCb5D6D) ในโคพีพอด Apocyclops royi สายพันธุ์ไทย (A. royi-TH) จากการศึกษาพบว่ายีน ArCb5D6D ประกอบด้วยบริเวณ open reading frame 1323 คู่เบส ซึ่งสามารถแปลรหัสเป็นโปรตีนขนาด 440 กรดอะมิโน โดยโปรตีน ArCb5D6D ประกอบด้วยบริเวณ Cytochrome b5-like heme/steroid binding domain และบริเวณ Fatty acid desaturase domain ซึ่งมีความเหมือนกับโปรตีน desaturase-like ในกุ้งและปู 61-65% และจากการศึกษาการแสดงออกของยีน ArCb5D6D ในโคพีพอด A. royi-TH แต่ละระยะพัฒนาการ (NP: ระยะนอเพลียส, CD: ระยะโคพีโพดิด, AD: ระยะโตเต็มวัย) พบว่ายีน ArCb5D6D มีการแสดงออกสูงในโคพีพอดระยะ CD และโคพีพอดระยะ AD ซึ่งสอดคล้องกับปริมาณกรดไขมัน PUFA ในโคพีพอด โดยพบปริมาณกรดไขมัน PUFA สูงสุดในโคพีพอดระยะ AD รองลงมาคือ ระยะ CD และระยะ NP ตามลำดับ จากผลการศึกษานี้สามารถบ่งชี้ได้ว่ายีน ArCb5D6D เป็นยีนในกลุ่ม desaturase-like ซึ่งมีบทบาทในชีวสังเคราะห์กรดไขมันในสิ่งมีชีวิตครัสเตเชียน นอกจากนี้งานวิจัยนี้ยังได้ศึกษาอิทธิพลของความเค็มต่อคุณค่าทางโภชนาการของโคพีพอด A. royi-TH โดยเลี้ยงโคพีพอดที่สภาวะความเค็ม 15 พีพีที (ความเค็มต่ำ) และ 25 พีพีที (กลุ่มควบคุม) …

Effects Of Heat And Uv-C Curing On Properties Of Soy Protein Film, Tanjina Akter

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat curing and UV-C curing on properties of soy protein film. Both the heat and UV-C treatments were applied to either film-forming solution or pre-formed film. In the first part, film-forming solution or pre-formed film was cured at 60, 70, or 80°C for 2, 4, or 6 h. Heat curing had no effect on film thickness (p>0.05), but it did improve tensile strength of the films. Pre-formed film cured at 70°C for 4 h exhibited the highest tensile strength (3.49 MPa), which was 1.8 times higher than the control. Increasing Raman …

Comparison Of Aroma Active Compounds In Fresh Thai Holy Basil Leaves From 2 Varieties, Thanatcha Vichienkalayarat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Holy Basil is an herb with a high consumption in Thailand domestically and internationally due to its unique odor. A study on the aroma active profile of holy basil would allow for better quality control and food product development. The goal of this study is to identify and compare aroma active compounds in fresh Thai holy basil leaves from 2 varieties (Ocimum tenuiflorum var. Rama and Ocimum tenuiflorum var. Shyama) using sensomics approach. First, olfactory profiling was performed by trained panelists to characterize odor attributes and their intensity. Second, volatile compounds were isolated by solvent extraction, and non-volatile constituents were …

Impact Of Calcium Ion (Ca2+) On Pectin Wall Material For Microencapsulated Lactobacillus Plantarum, Nurul Hasniah

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The microencapsulation, a promising technology, could preserve the probiotic viability during processing, storage, and delivery to gastrointestinal tract through the wall layer. However, the loss of probiotic depends on heat/stress-susceptibility of culture themselves and the microencapsulating efficiency of wall materials. The selection of wall material composition is very challenging. Maltodextrin (MD) is mostly selected for the microencapsulating application because of its low price, rapid water solubilization, and low viscosity. MD functions as a good medium but not stabilizer for culture. Pectin is the most abundant biopolymer, found in plant cell. Pectin itself is a good gelation agent so it could …

Implementation Of An Inpatient To Outpatient Communication Pathway To Improve Outcomes In High-Risk Oncology Patients., Kimberly Procaccino Mba, Rd, Ldn, Janine Gilboy Rd, Ldn, Jennifer Brennan Rd, Cso, Erin Levine Rd, Cso, Ldn, Amanda Stone, Alyse Wittman

Clinical Nutrition Service

No abstract provided.