Allelopathic Effects Of Goldenrod Species On Turnover In Successional Communities,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Allelopathic Effects Of Goldenrod Species On Turnover In Successional Communities, Nikki Pisula, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
While goldenrod species are often found to be allelopathic in laboratory settings, its importance in controlling plant community dynamics has been much more difficult to assess. We designed a study to determine whether allelopathy is related to the success of goldenrods in abandoned agricultural land. To accomplish this, we conducted laboratory bioassays for six co-occurring goldenrod species and compared these results to the cover and impacts of these species in the field. We determined the germination responses of two target species to a gradient of leaf extract concentrations to assess the allelopathic potential of these goldenrods. We also used long-term …
Mechanisms Of Apoptosis In Crustacea: What Conditions Induce Versus Suppress Cell Death?,
2010
University of Louisville
Mechanisms Of Apoptosis In Crustacea: What Conditions Induce Versus Suppress Cell Death?, Michael A. Menze, Grady Fortner, Suman Nag, Steven C. Hand
Michael Menze
Arthropoda is the largest of all animal phyla and includes about 90% of extant species. Our knowledge about regulation of apoptosis in this phylum is largely based on findings for the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Recent work with crustaceans shows that apoptotic proteins, and presumably mechanisms of cell death regulation, are more diverse in arthropods than appreciated based solely on the excellent work with fruit flies. Crustacean homologs exist for many major proteins in the apoptotic networks of mammals and D. melanogaster, but integration of these proteins into the physiology and pathophysiology of crustaceans is far from complete. Whether apoptosis …
Responses Of Bats To Forest Fragmentation In The Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Arkansas, Usa,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Responses Of Bats To Forest Fragmentation In The Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Arkansas, Usa, Rex E. Medlin Jr., Matthew B. Connior, Karen F. Gaines, Thomas S. Risch
Karen F. Gaines
Intense conversion of bottomland hardwood forests to rice and soybeans in the Mississippi River Valley of Arkansas has restricted the remaining forest to isolated fragments. Habitat fragmentation has proven to be detrimental to population sustainability of several species, and is the subject of intense study with often species and latitude specific responses. We compared both coarse land area classes and landscape fragmentation metrics from six 30 km × 30 km subsets centered on publicly owned management areas to bat captures obtained from a 2005 population study. Patch density was the strongest predictor of total captures (R 2 = 0.801, p …
Reconstitution Of The Olfactory Epithelium Following Injury In Apoe-Deficient Mice,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Reconstitution Of The Olfactory Epithelium Following Injury In Apoe-Deficient Mice, Britto P. Nathan, Salina Gairhe, Ikemefuna Nwosu, Stephen Clark, Robert G. Struble
Britto P. Nathan
ApoE, a protein component of lipoproteins, is extensively expressed in the primary olfactory pathway. Because apoE has been shown to play a vital role in nerve repair and remodeling, we hypothesized that apoE expression will increase in the injured olfactory epithelium (OE), and that apoE deficiency in apoE knockout (KO) mice will lead to delayed/incomplete reconstitution of the OE following injury. To directly test this hypothesis, we compared OE regeneration in wild-type (WT) and KO mice following injury induced by intranasal irrigation of Triton X-100. OE was collected at 0, 3, 7, 21, 42, and 56 days post lesion. The …
Review Of The Timber Press Dictionary Of Plant Names,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Review Of The Timber Press Dictionary Of Plant Names, Henry R. Owen
Henry R. Owen
No abstract provided.
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration, Laura M. Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
Lianas have the potential to shape forest communities and alter forest regeneration. However, impacts of lianas on forest regeneration, particularly in temperate forests, are largely unstudied. To understand potential liana impacts on the community we need to first know the location and intensity of liana burdens on host trees. We examined liana-tree host references within a series of young regenerating deciduous forests in the Piedmont region of New Jersey, USA. Established trees ($ 5 cm dbh) and the lianas associated with each tree were surveyed in 2008. The five most abundant liana species were Celastrus orbiculatus, Lonicera japonica, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, …
Relative Allelopathic Potential Of Invasive Plant Species In A Young Disturbed Woodland,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Relative Allelopathic Potential Of Invasive Plant Species In A Young Disturbed Woodland, Nikki Pisula, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
Invasive plant species are often more successful within introduced areas when compared to their natural ranges. Allelopathy has been suggested as a potential mechanism for this success because invasive plants frequently establish monocultures and may produce allelochemicals evolutionarily novel to the recipient community. However, species are typically tested in isolation making the relative strength of allelopathy difficult to assess. We conducted laboratory bioassays for 10 co-occurring non-native species to determine the relative strength of their allelopathic potential. These species represented a suite of successful invaders within a young forest and were from a variety of plant life forms: trees, lianas, …
Tissue-Diet Discrimination Factors And Turnover Of Stable Carbon And Nitrogen Isotopes In White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus),
2010
University of South Dakota
Tissue-Diet Discrimination Factors And Turnover Of Stable Carbon And Nitrogen Isotopes In White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus), Rachel L. Demots, James M. Novak, Karen F. Gaines, Aaron J. Gregor, Christopher S. Romanek, Daniel A. Soluk
Karen F. Gaines
Stable isotope analysis has become an increasingly valuable tool in investigating animal ecology. Here we document the turnover rates for carbon in the liver, muscle, and whole blood tissue, as well as the tissue-diet discrimination values for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the liver, whole blood, muscle, and hair, of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque, 1818)). A 168-day diet-switching experiment was conducted with a laboratory population of white-footed mice. The δ13C values for all tissues deviated less than 1‰ from those of the diet except for whole blood, which had a slightly higher tissue-diet discrimination factor of 1.8‰. All …
Dna Double-Strand Breakage As An Endpoint To Examine Metal And Radionuclide Exposure Effects To Water Snakes On A Nuclear Industrial Site,
2010
Rutgers University
Dna Double-Strand Breakage As An Endpoint To Examine Metal And Radionuclide Exposure Effects To Water Snakes On A Nuclear Industrial Site, Stephanie M. Murray, Karen F. Gaines, James M. Novak, Michael Gochfeld, Joanna Burger
Karen F. Gaines
This study examined metal levels (especially U and Ni) in the tail tissues of water snakes from contaminated (Tim’s Branch) and reference areas on the Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (SRS). Home ranges of snakes were quantified to determine the ratio of the habitat that they use in relation to the contaminated areas to better estimate exposure Compared to conventional methods that do not. The exposure assessment indicated that water snakes in the contaminated areas could expect U exposure at 3–4 orders of magnitude greater than the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’sMinimum Risk Level (MRL) from ingestion …
Surveys Of Stylisma Pickeringii Var. Pattersonii (Convolvulaceae), Its Associated Plant Species, And Its Insect Visitors,
2010
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Surveys Of Stylisma Pickeringii Var. Pattersonii (Convolvulaceae), Its Associated Plant Species, And Its Insect Visitors, Ann E. Claerbout, Brent L. Todd, Janice M. Coons, Henry R. Owen, Donald W. Webb, John E. Ebinger, William E. Mcclain
Henry R. Owen
Stylisma pickeringii var. pattersonii (Convolvulaceae) is endangered in Illinois and Iowa, and occurs in scattered populations in other states. During 1999 and 2000, two insect species previously unreported from Illinois were observed visiting its flowers. This study was undertaken to survey additional insect visitors, as well as to characterize the plant community where S. pickeringii occurs. The objectives were to survey: 1) floral traits (anthesis and flower density) of S. pickeringii, 2) associated plant species, and 3) insect visitor characteristics. Floral traits were determined and associated plant species surveyed in Mason County (degraded hay field on private property) and Henderson …
Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Lianas During 50 Years Of Succession To Temperate Forest,
2010
Eastern Illinois University
Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Lianas During 50 Years Of Succession To Temperate Forest, Laura Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
Although they are important components of forest communities, the general ecology and spatiotemporal patterns of temperate lianas during forest regeneration are largely unknown. The dependence of lianas on other plants for physical support makes them a potentially important driver of community dynamics. We examined 50 years of vegetation data from an old-field succession study to determine the dynamics and community controls on liana expansion within the Piedmont region of New Jersey, USA. Four lianas, Lonicera japonica, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Toxicodendron radicans, and Vitis spp., occurred in enough abundance for detailed analyses. In general, liana cover peaked during mid-succession (20–30 years post-abandonment) …
Allochronic Isolation And Incipient Hybrid Speciation In Tiger Swallowtail Butterflies,
2010
Michigan State University
Allochronic Isolation And Incipient Hybrid Speciation In Tiger Swallowtail Butterflies, Gabriel James Ording, Rodrigo J. Mercader, Matthew Aardema, J. M. Scriber
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Hybridization leading to reproductively isolated, novel genotypes is poorly understood as a means of speciation and few empirical examples have been studied. In 1999, a previously non-existent delayed flight of what appeared to be the Canadian tiger swallowtail butterfly, Papilio canadensis, was observed in the Battenkill River Valley, USA. Allozyme frequencies and morphology suggest that this delayed flight was the product of hybridization between Papilio canadensis and its sibling species Papilio glaucus. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms presented here indicate that only P. canadensis-like mtDNA occurs in this population, suggesting that introgression likely occurred from hybrid males …
Zostera Marina Population Genetics In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, And Implications For Grass Bed Restoration,
2010
Montclair State University
Zostera Marina Population Genetics In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, And Implications For Grass Bed Restoration, James Campanella, Paul Bologna, Stephanie M. Smith, Eric B. Rosenzweig, John V. Smalley
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Within Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Zostera marina populations have declined by 62% over the last 20 years, and restoration efforts have met with mixed success. We have completed a microsatellite-based genetic investigation of eight populations of Z. marina within Barnegat Bay to determine whether the genetic stock origins of the plants used in management projects may affect restoration success. Additionally, we assessed the genetic diversity of Z. marina in Barnegat Bay to better understand its population structure. Clonal diversity ranged from 0.70 to 0.95 for the populations studied. Individually, Barnegat Bay populations are not genetically diverse, and there is also …
Webs In Vitro And In Vivo: Spiders Alter Their Orb-Web Spinning Behavior In The Laboratory,
2010
University of Akron Main Campus
Webs In Vitro And In Vivo: Spiders Alter Their Orb-Web Spinning Behavior In The Laboratory, Andrew Sensenig, Ingi Agnarsson, Taylor M. Gondek, Todd A. Blackledge
Biology Faculty Research
Many studies of the elegant architectures of orb webs are conducted in controlled laboratory environments that remove environmental variability. The degree to which spider behavior in these circumstances resembles that of spiders in the wild is largely unknown. We compared web architecture and silk investment of furrowed orb weavers Larinioides corium's (Clerck 1757) building webs in laboratory cages and spinning webs on fences in the field and found significant differences. The volume of major ampullate silk in radii was 53% lower in cage webs, primarily because the silk was 50% thinner, but also because spiders tended to spin 14% fewer …
Nutritional Analysis Of High Fructose Corn Syrup,
2010
Parkland College
Nutritional Analysis Of High Fructose Corn Syrup, Emily Pitts
A with Honors Projects
An analysis of high fructose corn syrup and its positive and/or negative aspects.
"The Status And Distribution Of Freshwater Crabs [Northern Africa]" ,
2010
Northern Michigan University
"The Status And Distribution Of Freshwater Crabs [Northern Africa]" , Neil Cumberlidge
Book Sections/Chapters
No abstract provided.
Diversity Of Species In Freshwater Systems,
2010
Northern Michigan University
Diversity Of Species In Freshwater Systems, E Balian, I Harrison, S Butchart, P Chambers, J Cordeiro, Neil Cumberlidge, F De Moor, C Gascon, H James, V Kalkman, P P. Van Dijk, D Yeo
Book Sections/Chapters
No abstract provided.
Expression Of Hcmv Ie1 In The U87mg Cell Line Augments Resistance To Temozolomide ,
2010
Northern Michigan University
Expression Of Hcmv Ie1 In The U87mg Cell Line Augments Resistance To Temozolomide , Richard A. Rovin, Johnathan Lawrence, Justin J. Segula, Robert J. Winn
Journal Articles
INTRODUCTION: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA and protein are found in gliomas but not in normal brain or other primary brain tumors. The role of HCMV infection in glioma biology is unclear. While it is unlikely that HCMV infection causes glioma, viral proteins might impart a proliferative and antiapoptotic phenotype that confers a survival advantage. Does this oncomodulation translate into a clinically relevant effect in glioma cells? To answer this question, we compared the response of the U87IE1 and U87MG malignant glioma cell lines to temozolomide. U87IE1 cells are U87MG cells that have been genetically engineered to produce HCMV IE1 protein. …
Identification Of A Cellulose Synthase-Associated Protein Required For Cellulose Biosynthesis,
2010
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Identification Of A Cellulose Synthase-Associated Protein Required For Cellulose Biosynthesis, Y Gu, N Kaplinsky, M Bringmann, A Cobb, A Carroll, A Sampathkumar, Ti Baskin, S Persson, Cr Somerville
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Cellulose synthase-interactive protein 1 (CSI1) was identified in a two-hybrid screen for proteins that interact with cellulose synthase (CESA) isoforms involved in primary plant cell wall synthesis. CSI1 encodes a 2,150-amino acid protein that contains 10 predicted Armadillo repeats and a C2 domain. Mutations in CSI1 cause defective cell elongation in hypocotyls and roots and reduce cellulose content. CSI1 is associated with CESA complexes, and csi1 mutants affect the distribution and movement of CESA complexes in the plasma membrane.
Myosin Xi Is Essential For Tip Growth In Physcomitrella Patens,
2010
University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Myosin Xi Is Essential For Tip Growth In Physcomitrella Patens, L Vidali, Gm Burkart, Rc Augustine, E Kerdavid, E Tuzel, M Bezanilla
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Class XI myosins are plant specific and responsible for cytoplasmic streaming. Because of the large number of myosin XI genes in angiosperms, it has been difficult to determine their precise role, particularly with respect to tip growth. The moss Physcomitrella patens provides an ideal system to study myosin XI function. P. patens has only two myosin XI genes, and these genes encode proteins that are 94% identical to each other. To determine their role in tip growth, we used RNA interference to specifically silence each myosin XI gene using 59 untranslated region sequences. We discovered that the two myosin XI …
