Optimizing Water And Nitrogen Use For Maize Production Under Semiarid Conditions,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Optimizing Water And Nitrogen Use For Maize Production Under Semiarid Conditions, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Ashfaq Ahmad, Farhat Abbas, Wajid Farhad
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Water and nitrogen are among the most important crop inputs for optimum production of maize (Zea mays L.). A comprehensive experiment was conducted during 2009 and 2010 under the semiarid conditions of Pakistan to evaluate the effects of water and N applications on the growth and yield of irrigated maize. The objective was to formulate water and N best management practices (BMPs) for the above conditions. Three irrigation regimes (525, 450, and 375 mm ha^{-1}) with 5 N rates (0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg ha^{-1}) were tested using a split plot with a randomized complete block design. The …
Effects Of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids On Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics In Some Calcareous Soils,
2012
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Effects Of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids On Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics In Some Calcareous Soils, Neda Moradi, Mirhasan Rasouli Sadaghiani, Ebrahim Sepehr, Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Understanding the role of organic acids in phosphorus sorption in soils is very important for economic and environmentally friendly management of soil P. Thus, calcareous surface soils (0-30 cm) from West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, were sampled to study the effect of different organic acids on P sorption. Soil samples (2.5 g) were equilibrated with 25 mL of 0.01 M CaCl_2 solution containing 0-20 mg P L^{-1} and 5 mmol L^{-1} of different organic acids (citric, oxalic, and malic acid). The sorption data were well fitted to Freundlich and linear equations but not to the Langmuir equation. The standard P requirements …
The Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi On The Seedling Growth Of Four Hybrid Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Cultivars,
2012
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The Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi On The Seedling Growth Of Four Hybrid Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Cultivars, Şefi̇k Tüfenkci̇, Semra Demi̇r, Suat Şensoy, Hüsameddi̇n Ünsal, Emre Demi̇rer Durak, Çeknas Erdi̇nç, Şeyhmus Bi̇çer, Ayteki̇n Eki̇nci̇alp
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effectiveness of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on different hybrid cucumber cultivars has not been well documented, even under normal seedling conditions. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate colonization, nutrient uptake, dependency, and other seedling traits of 4 cucumber hybrids (Ceren F_1, Beta F_1, Silyon F_1 and Maraton F_1) inoculated by 3 different AMF [Glomus intraradices (Gi), Glomus etunicatum (Ge) and Gigaspora margarita (Gm)]. Traits were evaluated in a growth chamber experiment consisting of a 4 × 4 factorial design (4 cucumber hybrids, 3 AMF plus 1 control) with 3 random replications. AMF-inoculated cucumber seedlings had shorter hypocotyledons …
Research On Antifungal And Inhibitory Effects Of Dl-Limonene On Some Yeasts,
2012
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Research On Antifungal And Inhibitory Effects Of Dl-Limonene On Some Yeasts, Mustafa Ümi̇t Ünal, Fi̇li̇z Uçan, Aysun Şener, Sadik Di̇nçer
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was undertaken to investigate the antifungal effect of DL-limonene on yeasts using disk diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The effect of DL-limonene on ethyl alcohol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also investigated. According to disk diffusion results, the development of an inhibition zone was observed in all microorganisms tested. The inhibition zones were larger than those occurring with the Fungizone antibiotic used as the control. Inhibition zone diameters increased with increasing amounts of DL-limonene. MIC results varied between 500 and 4000 µg mL^{-1} depending on the yeast strain. DL-limonene at a concentration of 0.20% (w v^{-1}) …
Investigating Sampling Accuracy To Estimate Sediment Concentrations In Erosion Plot Tanks,
2012
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Investigating Sampling Accuracy To Estimate Sediment Concentrations In Erosion Plot Tanks, Davood Nikkami
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Significant errors when sampling from collection tanks installed at the lower end of soil erosion plots may lead researchers toward wrong conclusions. Limited research has been found on sampling accuracy. In this study, a cylindrical sampler is introduced as a new sampling device and its sampling accuracy is investigated and compared with 2 other manual methods, namely bottle and pipette. Three target sediment concentrations were prepared in separate 213.5-L collection tanks as 3 replications with 3 mixing periods. The results using the bottle and pipette in all mixing periods and all target sediment concentrations showed that the concentration of sediment …
Soil Failure Mode In Front Of A Multiple-Tip Horizontally Operated Penetrometer,
2012
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Soil Failure Mode In Front Of A Multiple-Tip Horizontally Operated Penetrometer, Abbas Hemmat, Azar Khorsandi, Vahab Shafaie
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Mechanical resistance of a soil to failure has been widely used to estimate the degree of soil compaction. Our previous study showed that the magnitude of force measured by the horizontally operated penetrometer depends on the soil failure mode in front of the sensor tip. In this research, 2 horizontally operated penetrometers were developed to investigate whether the critical depth (dc) at which the soil failure transition from brittle to compressive occurs is dictated by the aspect ratio (working depth/width ratio) of the tip or of the shank of the sensor. In the first sensor, the width of the shank …
Liquid Atomization And Spray Drift Measurement In A Wind Tunnel For A Twin Fluid System With A Deflector Nozzle,
2012
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Liquid Atomization And Spray Drift Measurement In A Wind Tunnel For A Twin Fluid System With A Deflector Nozzle, Zoltán Gulyás, László Fenyvesi, Sándor Szoboszlay
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The objectives of this research were to inspect the drop production of a twin fluid system with the Floodjet TK SS 10 042 deflector nozzle and to identify the drift of the droplets produced by the nozzle in a wind tunnel when using the nozzle with the individual settings provided by the company that enlisted our institute to do the described research task. The results of the inspection of drop production, done using a particle sizer, showed that the values of volume diameter D_{v10} were low, the percentage of drops smaller than 100 µm in size was considerable, and the …
Load-Carrying Capacity Of Mitered Furniture Corner Joints With Dovetail Keys Under Diagonal Tension Load,
2012
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Load-Carrying Capacity Of Mitered Furniture Corner Joints With Dovetail Keys Under Diagonal Tension Load, Sadegh Maleki, Mohammad Derikvand, Mosayeb Dalvand, Ghanbar Ebrahimi
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The goal of this study was to introduce a method for estimating stress analysis as an efficient procedure for evaluating the strength of mitered corner joints in furniture structures. Tests were carried out to determine the effects of panel type, distance between the centers of dovetail holes and the edges of joints (10, 20, and 30 mm), and type of dovetail key on the load-carrying capacity of mitered corner joints under a diagonal tension load. Specimens were constructed of overlaid medium-density fiberboard (LamMDF) and particleboard (LamPb) and connected with butterfly and H-shaped dovetail keys. Polyvinyl acetate adhesive was used to …
Influence Of Eccentric Drawbar Force On Power Delivery Efficiency Of A Wheeled Tractor,
2012
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Influence Of Eccentric Drawbar Force On Power Delivery Efficiency Of A Wheeled Tractor, Mirko Simikic, Nebojsa Dedovic, Lazar Savin, Milan Tomic, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Si̇lleli̇, Ondrej Ponjican
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Power delivery efficiency shows how much engine power is used for a tractor drawbar. Eccentric traction is a factor influencing the power delivery efficiency of a wheeled tractor. It occurs as a consequence of the offset position of a tractor implement, that is, when the traction line of the tractor and resistance line of the implement are parallel and do not coincide. This paper presents research on the power delivery efficiency of wheeled tractors and its dependence on wheel slippage of central and eccentric drawbar forces on unplowed and plowed stubble. For this purpose, mathematical models and one algorithm were …
Effects Of Compatibilizer And Nanolayered Silicate On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Pp/Bagasse Composites,
2012
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Effects Of Compatibilizer And Nanolayered Silicate On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Pp/Bagasse Composites, Behzad Kord
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bagasse, an agricultural waste, was investigated for wood plastic nanocomposite production. The incorporation of nanolayered silicate has been considered in recent years for improving the properties of thermoplastic composite. In this study a composite of polypropylene (PP) and bagasse fiber (BF), with different concentrations of nanoclay and maleic anhydride (MA) as compatibilizer, were fabricated by injection molding. Then physical and mechanical properties of the composites were tested according to ASTM standards. The results indicated that tensile modulus and flexural strength increased with an increase in clay loading; however, impact strength and water absorption decreased with an increase in nanolayered silicates. …
The Effect Of Temperature And Precipitation On The Intra-Annual Radial Growth Of Fagus Orientalis Lipsky In Artvin, Turkey,
2012
TÜBİTAK
The Effect Of Temperature And Precipitation On The Intra-Annual Radial Growth Of Fagus Orientalis Lipsky In Artvin, Turkey, Nesi̇be Köse, Hüseyi̇n Tuncay Güner
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this paper, we present the longest tree-ring chronology of oriental beech from Artvin, identify the most important climate factors affecting radial growth, and compare our results with the oriental beech chronology from Belgrad Forest. Stem disks were taken from 10 living oriental beech trees, and earlywood and latewood bands were measured separately in addition to ring width. The longest (442-year-long) chronology of earlywood, latewood, and total ring width for oriental beech were built from Artvin, Turkey. All chronologies (earlywood, latewood, and total ring width) were found to be highly sensitive to climate with mean sensitivity values of 0.3034, 0.286, …
Use Of Discriminant Analysis For Selection Of Hybrid Maize Parent Lines,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Use Of Discriminant Analysis For Selection Of Hybrid Maize Parent Lines, Ahmet Öz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was conducted to investigate the opportunity to utilize discriminant analysis in the selection of parent lines in hybrid maize breeding. For this purpose, top crosses were obtained by top-crossing 31 inbred maize lines with the FRMo.17 line in 2003. These hybrids were subjected to preyield trials in 2004. The same lines were subjected to observation tests in 2003 and 2004, and yield and yield components were determined. The obtained data were analyzed using the discriminant analysis method. The distances between the lines were determined according to D2 and canonical values. The TK-108, TK-110, TK-13, TK-347, TK-175, TK-157, and …
A Predictive Model For The Effects Of Temperature On The Germination Period Of Flax Seeds (Linum Usitatissimum L.),
2012
TÜBİTAK
A Predictive Model For The Effects Of Temperature On The Germination Period Of Flax Seeds (Linum Usitatissimum L.), Orhan Kurt
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Temperature is the most important factor in regulating the germination of nondormant seeds at the beginning of the growth season. The present study was conducted to produce simple regression models to predict how temperature affects the time it takes for 50% of a selection of flax seeds to germinate. R-square (r^2) values of regression coefficients of the equations established for flax cultivars varied from 0.899 (Antares) to 0.886 (Bionda). The optimum temperature for the time to germination for both cultivars was calculated using the coefficients obtained from the regression models. The optimum temperatures were found to be between 22.10 and …
Determination Of Intraspecific Nuclear Dna Content Variation In Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) Lines And Cultivars Based On Two Distinct Internal Reference Standards, İskender Ti̇ryaki̇, Meti̇n Tuna
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The 2C nuclear DNA contents of 40 common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) lines and cultivars were determined by using both safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as internal reference standards in flow cytometry analysis and correlated with plant morphological characters and 1000-seed weight. The t-test results showed a significant difference between the mean DNA values of the barley and safflower standards (t = -16.74, P = 0.0001). Data analysis also indicated significant (P < 0.01) intraspecific nuclear DNA content variation within the common vetch lines and cultivars for both internal standards used. The DNA content values ranged from 3.342 pg to 3.652 pg and from 3.600 pg to 4.002 pg for the internal standards of safflower and barley, respectively. The DNA differences within the internal standards were 0.310 pg and 0.402 pg for safflower and barley, respectively. The internal standard of barley constantly produced higher DNA content values than the values of safflower standard for all vetch lines and cultivars. Nuclear DNA content differences between 2 internal standards for the same plant material reached as high as 15.59% (0.540 pg), which is equivalent to 528.12 Mbp DNA. No significant correlations between 1000-seed weight and the nuclear DNA contents of barley (P < 0.51) or safflower (P < 0.76) were detected.
Comparison Of Essential Oil Components Of Wild And Field Grown Salvia Cryptantha Montbert & Aucher Ex Benthan, In Turkey,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Comparison Of Essential Oil Components Of Wild And Field Grown Salvia Cryptantha Montbert & Aucher Ex Benthan, In Turkey, Ari̇f İpek, Bi̇lal Gürbüz, Mesrur Ümi̇d Bi̇ngöl, Fatmagül Geven, Gençay Akgül, Kiarash Afshar Pour Rezaeieh, Belgi̇n Coşge
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of naturally growing and field grown plants of Salvia cryptantha Montbert & Aucher ex Benthan were analyzed by GC-MS. Furthermore, the chemical components of naturally growing and cultured plants in 2 consecutive years (2007-2008) were compared. The essential oils of plant materials investigated ranged from 1.20% up to 1.52%. Nine for naturally growing and 22 components for both 2007-08 field grown crops were characterized, representing 94.75%, 95.82%, and 93.35%, respectively. Valencene (31.80%), eucalyptol (23.61%), and \beta-pinene (15.63%) were recognized as major components.
Comparison Of Harvester And Motor-Manual Logging In Intermediate Cuttings Of Deciduous Stands,
2012
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Comparison Of Harvester And Motor-Manual Logging In Intermediate Cuttings Of Deciduous Stands, Remigijus Zinkevicius, Dainius Steponavicius, Dalius Vitunskas, Gintautas Cinga
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Recently, new models of operational harvester heads that are suitable for work in deciduous forests and are able to process hooked trees or trees originated from stump shots have been designed. A mechanized harvesting method (harvester with head) is compared with conventional motor-manual harvesting methods in which a chain saw is used for felling, trimming, and crosscutting. Species composition of the sample stand was as follows: 58% aspen (Populus tremula), 19% lime (Tilia platyphyllos), 22% birch (Betula verrucosa), and 1% oak (Quercus robur). The study was completed under the aegis of the project of the 6th General Program of the …
Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra L.) Standing Volume In The Riparian Forests Of The Czech Republic,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra L.) Standing Volume In The Riparian Forests Of The Czech Republic, Lubomir Salek, Daniel Zahradnik, Lubomir Tipmann, Robert Marusak
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is one of the most valuable non-native tree species growing on alluvial soils in the southeastern part of the Czech Republic. However, its standing volume is currently calculated according to oak tables, although its growth and standing volume is likely different. In order to determine the observed black walnut standing volume and to express a difference between black walnut and other main tree species growing on alluvial soils, 63 temporary sample plots of pure black walnut stands were established and, for determination of tree volume, 63 sample trees with various dimensions were felled and measured …
Morphological And Physiological Differences Between Bareroot And Container Juniperus Excelsa Seedlings,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Morphological And Physiological Differences Between Bareroot And Container Juniperus Excelsa Seedlings, Ayşe Deli̇göz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of stock type on morphological and physiological characteristics were compared in 1 + 0 Crimean juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) seedlings. In October 2010, the morphological characteristics of both stock types were determined. The physiological condition of both stock types was evaluated by measuring water relation, root growth potential (RGP), and root electrolyte leakage (REL) parameters in seedlings at periodic intervals from October 2010 to April 2011. Container seedlings had greater root collar diameter, higher height, and greater shoot dry weight than bareroot seedlings, but these differences were not significant. However, the shoot-to-root ratios of the container seedlings were …
Determination Of The Bread-Making Quality Of Flours Using An Automatic Bread Machine,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Determination Of The Bread-Making Quality Of Flours Using An Automatic Bread Machine, İsmai̇l Sai̇t Doğan, Önder Yildiz, Burhan Taşan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, the possibility of bread machine utilization as a quality control tool in the baking industry was investigated. Three different flour samples (F_1, F_2, and F_3) having different protein contents were obtained and then 12% wheat starch and 2% vital gluten were added to these flours to adjust protein ratios. The physicochemical and rheological properties of these flour combinations were analyzed. Specific volume, crumb grain attributes, crust and crumb color, and bread firmness in terms of compressibility (g) were measured. Specific volumes changed between 5.22 and 6.69 mL g^{-1} and between 4.87 and 6.29 mL g^{-1} for hearth …
Comparison Of Hybrid Maize Obtained From Inbred Lines That Are Selected Via Top-Crossing And Discriminant Analysis,
2012
TÜBİTAK
Comparison Of Hybrid Maize Obtained From Inbred Lines That Are Selected Via Top-Crossing And Discriminant Analysis, Ahmet Öz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This research was done at the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute in Samsun, in 2006 and 2007. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of discriminant analysis in determining the parents among inbred lines in hybrid corn breeding. Grain yield and some yield components of the hybrid maize, which was obtained from inbred lines that were selected in accordance with top-crossing and discriminant analysis, was examined in the research. According to the average of 2 years, the average grain yield of 11 maize hybrids obtained via top-crossing was 9160 kg ha^{-1}, whereas the average grain yield of 8 maize …
