Shifts In Microbial Communities In
Soil, Rhizosphere And Roots Of Two
Major Crop Systems Under Elevated
Co2 And O3,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Shifts In Microbial Communities In Soil, Rhizosphere And Roots Of Two Major Crop Systems Under Elevated Co2 And O3, Peng Wang, Ellen L. Marsh, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Andrew D. B. Leakey, Amy M. Sheflin, Daniel P. Schachtman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Rising atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and O3 are key features of global environmental change. To investigate changes in the belowground bacterial community composition in response to elevated CO2 and O3 (eCO2 and eO3) the endosphere, rhizosphere and soil were sampled from soybeans under eCO2 and maize under eO3. The maize rhizosphere and endosphere α-diversity was higher than soybean, which may be due to a high relative abundance of Rhizobiales. Only the rhizosphere microbiome composition of the soybeans changed in response to eCO2, associated with an increased abundance of nitrogen …
Genomic-Enabled Prediction Accuracies
Increased By Modeling Genotype ×
Environment Interaction In Durum Wheat,
2017
International maize and Wheat Improvement Center
Genomic-Enabled Prediction Accuracies Increased By Modeling Genotype × Environment Interaction In Durum Wheat, Sivakumar Sukumaran, Diego Jarquin, José Crossa, Matthew Reynolds
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Genomic prediction studies incorporating genotype × environment (G×E) interaction effects are limited in durum wheat. We tested the genomic-enabled prediction accuracy (PA) of Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (GBLUP) models—six non-G × E and three G × E models—on three basic cross-validation (CV) schemes— in predicting incomplete field trials (CV2), new lines (CV1), and lines in untested environments (CV0)— in a durum wheat panel grown under yield potential, drought stress, and heat stress conditions. For CV0, three scenarios were considered: (i) leave-one environment out (CV0-Env); (ii) leave one site out (CV0- Site); and (iii) leave 1 yr out (CV0-Year). The …
Evaluation Of Jules-Crop Performance Against Site Observations Of
Irrigated Maize From Mead, Nebraska,
2017
Met Office Hadley Centre
Evaluation Of Jules-Crop Performance Against Site Observations Of Irrigated Maize From Mead, Nebraska, Karina Williams, Jemma Gornall, Anna Harper, Andy Wiltshire, Debbie Hemming, Tristan Quaife, Tim Arkebauer, David Scoby
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The JULES-crop model (Osborne et al., 2015) is a parametrisation of crops within the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), which aims to simulate both the impact of weather and climate on crop productivity and the impact of croplands on weather and climate. In this evaluation paper, observations of maize at three FLUXNET sites in Nebraska (US-Ne1, US-Ne2 and US-Ne3) are used to test model assumptions and make appropriate input parameter choices. JULES runs are performed for the irrigated sites (US-Ne1 and US-Ne2) both with the crop model switched off (prescribing leaf area index (LAI) and canopy height) and with …
Science In The Supply Chain: Collaboration
Opportunities For Advancing Sustainable
Agriculture In The United States,
2017
Field to Market: The Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture
Science In The Supply Chain: Collaboration Opportunities For Advancing Sustainable Agriculture In The United States, Allison M. Thomson, Stewart Ramsey, Ed Barnes, Bruno Basso, Marlen Eve, Sasha Gennet, Patricio Grassini, Brandon Kliethermes, Marty Matlock, Eileen Mcclellen, Ed Spevak, Clifford S. Snyder, Mark D. Tomer, Chris Van Kessel, Tristram West, Grant Wick
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Consumers and corporations are increasingly interested in understanding the sustainability of agricultural supply chains and reducing the environmental impacts of food, fiber, feed, and fuel production. This emerging need to quantify environmental impacts from agricultural production creates an opportunity for collaboration with the scientific community. Without such collaboration, sustainability efforts risk failure by adopting unrealistic goals or misguided approaches. This commentary explores the role of science in Field to Market, a nonprofit organization developing a sustainability program for US commodity crops, and highlights opportunities to address emerging science challenges. We evaluate changes over the past 35 years in key environmental …
Genetic Characterization Of The Soybean Nested
Association Mapping Population,
2017
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Genetic Characterization Of The Soybean Nested Association Mapping Population, Qijian Song, Long Yan, Charles Quigley, Brandon D. Jordan, Edward Fickus, Steve Schroeder, Bao-Hua Song, Yong-Qiang Charles An, David Hyten, Randall L. Nelson, Katy Rainey, William D. Beavis, Jim Specht, Brian Diers, Perry Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
A set of nested association mapping (NAM) families was developed by crossing 40 diverse soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes to the common cultivar. The 41 parents were deeply sequenced for SNP discovery. Based on the polymorphism of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other selection criteria, a set of SNPs was selected to be included in the SoyNAM6K BeadChip for genotyping the parents and 5600 RILs from the 40 families. Analysis of the SNP profiles of the RILs showed a low average recombination rate. We constructed genetic linkage maps for each family and a composite linkage map based on …
Editorial: Genomic Approaches For
Improvement Of Understudied
Grasses,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Editorial: Genomic Approaches For Improvement Of Understudied Grasses, Keenan Amundsen, Gautam Sarath, Teresa Donze-Reiner
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Grasses are diverse, spanning native prairies to high-yielding grain cropping systems. They are valued for their beauty and useful for soil stabilization, pollution mitigation, biofuel production, nutritional value, and forage quality; grasses encompass the most important grain crops in the world. There are thousands of distinct grass species and many have promiscuous hybridization patterns, blurring species boundaries. Resources for advancing the science and knowledgebase of individual grass species or their unique characteristics varies, often proportional to their perceived value to society. For many grasses, limited genetic information hinders research progress. Presented in this research topic is a brief snapshot of …
Expression Of The Maize Dof1
Transcription Factor In Wheat And
Sorghum,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Expression Of The Maize Dof1 Transcription Factor In Wheat And Sorghum, Pamela A. Pena, Truyen Quach, Shirley Sato, Zhengxiang Ge, Natalya Nersesian, Taity Changa, Ismail M. Dweikat, Madhavan Soundararajan, Tom E. Clemente
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Nitrogen is essential for plant growth and development. Improving the ability of plants to acquire and assimilate nitrogen more efficiently is a key agronomic parameter that will augment sustainability in agriculture. A transcription factor approach was pursued to address improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in two major commodity crops. To this end, the Zea mays Dof1 (ZmDof1) transcription factor was expressed in both wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) either constitutively, UBI4 promoter from sugarcane, or in a tissue specific fashion via the maize rbcS1 promoter. The primary transcription activation target of ZmDof1 …
High-Throughput Profiling And Analysis Of Plant Responses
Over Time To Abiotic Stress,
2017
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis
High-Throughput Profiling And Analysis Of Plant Responses Over Time To Abiotic Stress, Kira M. Veley, Jeffrey C. Berry, Sarah J. Fentress, Daniel P. Schachtman, Ivan Baxter, Rebecca Bart
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a rapidly growing, high-biomass crop prized for abiotic stress tolerance. However, measuring genotype-by-environment (G x E) interactions remains a progress bottleneck. We subjected a panel of 30 genetically diverse sorghum genotypes to a spectrum of nitrogen deprivation and measured responses using high-throughput phenotyping technology followed by ionomic profiling. Responses were quantified using shape (16 measurable outputs), color (hue and intensity), and ionome (18 elements). We measured the speed at which specific genotypes respond to environmental conditions, in terms of both biomass and color changes, and identified individual genotypes that perform most favorably. With this …
Influence Of Tillage On Common Ragweed (Ambrosia Artemisiifolia) Emergence Pattern In Nebraska,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Influence Of Tillage On Common Ragweed (Ambrosia Artemisiifolia) Emergence Pattern In Nebraska, Ethann R. Barnes, Rodrigo Werle, Lowell Sandell, John L. Lindquist, Stevan Z. Knezevic, Peter H. Sikkema, Amit J. Jhala
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Spring tillage is a component of an integrated weed management strategy for control of early emerging glyphosate-resistant weeds such as common ragweed; however, the effect of tillage on common ragweed emergence pattern is unknown. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether spring tillage during emergence would influence the emergence pattern or stimulate additional emergence of common ragweed and to characterize common ragweed emergence in southeast Nebraska. A field experiment was conducted for three years (2014 to 2016) in Gage County, Nebraska in a field naturally infested with glyphosate-resistant common ragweed. Treatments consisted of a no-tillage control and three …
The Future Of Blackbird Management Research,
2017
USDA/APHIS/WS National Wildlife Research Center
The Future Of Blackbird Management Research, Page E. Klug
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Human society values birds for their intrinsic and aesthetic value as well as the ecosystem services they provide as pollinators, consumers of pests, and distributors of nutrients and seeds (Wenny et al. 2011). At the same time, conflict between birds and humans is an age-old phenomenon that has persisted as society has transformed and the scale of agriculture has expanded (Conover 2002). Managing conflict between birds and agriculture is challenging for many reasons. Foremost, the need to consider both human welfare and conservation of protected bird species is paramount, with nonlethal management methods preferred to lethal measures from societal, economical, …
Perceived Threats To Food Security And Possible Responses Following An Agro-Terrorist Attack,
2017
Walden University
Perceived Threats To Food Security And Possible Responses Following An Agro-Terrorist Attack, Lamesha Lashal Craft
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks exposed vulnerabilities to U.S. homeland security and defense, leading U.S. officials to analyze threats to domestic and international interests. Terrorist attacks against food and water supplies (agro-terrorism), were deemed a national security threat because of the assessed fear, economic instability, and social instability that could occur following a food shortage. Research indicated a comprehensive response plan does not exist across the federal, state, and local levels of government to mitigate the public's possible responses to a perceived threat to food security and food shortages following an agro-terrorist attack. This ethnographic case study analyzed the …
Could Winter Annual Crop Choice Increase No-Till Double-Crop Soybean Yield In Kentucky?,
2017
University of Kentucky
Could Winter Annual Crop Choice Increase No-Till Double-Crop Soybean Yield In Kentucky?, Ethan M. Swiggart
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Double-cropping soybean (Glycine max L.) after a winter annual crop is common in Kentucky. The preceding winter annual crop may affect double-crop soybean yield in Kentucky. Producers and agronomists have reported greater double-crop soybean yields when preceded by winter canola (Brassica napus L.) rather than winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Explanations for these yield differences remain unresolved. The objectives of this study are to: (1) evaluate double-crop soybean productivity in field environments following four winter annual crop treatments; (2) determine differences of early soybean growth in greenhouse (GH) and cold chamber (CC) environments; and …
Genotype × Environment × Management: Implications For Selection To Heat Stress Tolerance And Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Soft Red Winter Wheat,
2017
University of Kentucky
Genotype × Environment × Management: Implications For Selection To Heat Stress Tolerance And Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Soft Red Winter Wheat, Kathleen Russell
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
The complex interaction of genetics, environment and management in determination of crop yields can interfere with selection progress in breeding programs. Specifically, the impact on selection for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under changing climatic conditions can be confounded by these interactions. Temperature increases for the southeastern United States are projected to range from 1-3°C by 2050 with nighttime temperatures increasing more rapidly than day temperatures. High temperatures are known to affect crop development and breeding for tolerance to heat stress is difficult to achieve in field environments. We utilized a multi-environment trial to assess …
Identification Of Novel Seroreactive Antigens In Johne’S Disease Cattle By Using The Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Protein Array,
2017
USDA ARS National Animal Disease Center
Identification Of Novel Seroreactive Antigens In Johne’S Disease Cattle By Using The Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Protein Array, John Bannantine, Joseph J. Campo, Lingling Li, Arlo Randall, Jozelyn Pablo, Craig A. Praul, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Judith R. Stabel, Vivek Kapur
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Johne’s disease, a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, is endemic in dairy cattle and other ruminants worldwide and remains a challenge to diagnose using traditional serological methods. Given the close phylogenetic relationship between M. aviumsubsp. paratuberculosis and the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, here, we applied a whole-proteome M. tuberculosis protein array to identify seroreactive and diagnostic M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens. A genome-scale pairwise analysis of amino acid identity levels between orthologous proteins in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. tuberculosis showed an average of 62% identity, with more than half the orthologous proteins sharing …
Comparative Water Quality And Channel Catfish Production
In Earthen Ponds And A Biofloc Technology Production
System,
2017
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Comparative Water Quality And Channel Catfish Production In Earthen Ponds And A Biofloc Technology Production System, Bartholomew W. Green, Matthew E. Mcentire
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
This 210-day study compared variation in water quality and fish growth for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus; 47 g/fish) stocked in earthen ponds (1.5 fish/m2, 14,820/ha) and in a biofloc technology (BFT) production system with high-density polyethylene-lined rectangular tanks (12.6 fish/m2, 126,000/ha). Feed input and culture environment affected water-quality dynamics. In ponds, phytoplankton uptake predominated and little nitrification occurred, whereas in the BFT system phytoplankton uptake and nitrification maintained low ammonia-nitrogen concentrations. Size classes of fish were skewed toward the larger market sizes in ponds and toward smaller market sizes in the BFT system. Mean …
Getting To Know Your Yield Response Better
Through Whole-Field Randomized Experiments,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Getting To Know Your Yield Response Better Through Whole-Field Randomized Experiments, Taro Mieno, David Bullock
Cornhusker Economics
Six researchers at the University of Nebraska- Lincoln are working on the USDA-NIFA-funded Data Intensive Farm Management (DIFM) project. DIFM is based at the University of Illinois, and also involves the Universities of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, and Illinois State. The overarching goal of the project is to collect production data after conducting large-scale, on-farm randomized input use field trials, and then using the information to inform growers of optimal input use practices to enhance their profits. DIFM researchers hope to find a win-win situation in which more efficient crop nutrient management both increases farm profits and water quality in the …
Restoring And Sustaining Smallholder Kappaphycus Alvarezii Farming Post-Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda In Molocaboc, Central Philippines,
2017
Michigan Technological University
Restoring And Sustaining Smallholder Kappaphycus Alvarezii Farming Post-Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda In Molocaboc, Central Philippines, David C. Fenlon
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
The farming of marine seaweed has the potential to provide both nutritional and financial resources to developing communities such as the Molocaboc Islands in the Philippines. To foster this mariculture development approximately $1,000 USD in grant funds received from the US-Philippines Society was used to purchase materials needed to replace seaweed production infrastructure lost to Typhoon Haiyan (known as Super Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines). The goal was to restore and expand smallholder farming of the seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii (locally known as ‘guso’ in the Visayan dialect) in the Molocaboc Islands, thereby increasing harvest yields as compared to those …
Soil Erosion Risk Factors And The Impacts Of Diversification On Organic Strawberry Farms Along California’S Central Coast,
2017
Pomona College
Soil Erosion Risk Factors And The Impacts Of Diversification On Organic Strawberry Farms Along California’S Central Coast, Kay Sterner
Pomona Senior Theses
Soil erosion is a major issue that threatens to undermine our current system of agriculture. Due to the fact that this system is in turn the number one cause of erosion, agricultural practices in the United States need to be rethought. This study explores how traditional ideas of erosion risks are related to observed erosion on organic strawberry farms along California’s Central Coast. In addition, diversified farming systems are addressed as a possible solution for the current unsustainability of our farming practices. The data from this research suggest that diversity of crops on farms could be linked to less soil …
Subsistence Farmers' Perceptions Of Pluralistic Agriculture Extension In Northern Ghana,
2017
Walden University
Subsistence Farmers' Perceptions Of Pluralistic Agriculture Extension In Northern Ghana, Amos Kwame Egyir Baah
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In 2013, the Ministry of Food and Agriculture of the Republic of Ghana implemented a reformed food and agriculture sector development policy (FASDEP II) to reduce poverty among the poorest subsistence farmers in the nation. These extension efforts have been unsuccessful. The purpose of this ethnographic case study was to understand the perceptions of subsistence farmers in the Savelugu-Nanton District (SND) who participated in FASDEP II on how the program had affected their ability to meet their subsistence needs. The theoretical framework of collaborative advantage was used to analyze farmers' opinions of how the decentralized, pluralistic extension policy did or …
2017 Weed Science Research Report – Tan Section,
2017
North Dakota State University
2017 Weed Science Research Report – Tan Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences
Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports
The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document reports on field research conducted in 2017. It includes work on adjuvants, spray quality and the management of several weeds in North Dakota.
