Agriculture Commons^™

Evaluating The Effects Of Residual Broiler Litter And Copper In Soil On Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) Fertility And Cannabinoid Production, Sarah E. Forden

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

This study encases two separate experiments observing hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and soil fertility with the use of broiler litter and copper. The long-term broiler litter research plots were established in 1997 and the copper fertility research plots were not established until 2009. Both experiments use a randomized complete lock design with the broiler litter experiment composed of four replications and eight treatments at the following rates: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 tons BL * ac^-1. The copper experiment was designed with four replications and three treatments at the following rates: 0, 10, …

Led Illumination For High-Quality High-Yield Crop Growth In Protected Cropping Environments, Md Momtazur Rahman, David L. Field, Soyed M. Ahmed, Md Tanvir Hasan, Mohammad Khairul Basher, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Vegetables and herbs play a central role in the human diet due to their low fat and calory content and essential antioxidant, phytochemicals, and fiber. It is well known that the manipulation of light wavelengths illuminating the crops can enhance their growth rate and nutrient contents. To date, it has not been easy to generalize the effects of LED illumination because of the differences in the plant species investigated, the measured traits, the way wavelengths have been manipulated, and the plants’ growing environments. In order to address this gap, we undertook a quantitative review of LED manipulation in relation to …

Covid-19 And Biocybersecurity's Increasing Role On Defending Forward, Xavier Palmer, Lucas N. Potter, Saltuk Karahan

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The evolving nature of warfare has been changing with cybersecurity and the use of advanced biotechnology in each aspect of the society is expanding and overlapping with the cyberworld. This intersection, which has been described as “biocybersecurity” (BCS), can become a major front of the 21st-century conflicts. There are three lines of BCS which make it a critical component of overall cybersecurity: (1) cyber operations within the area of BCS have life threatening consequences to a greater extent than other cyber operations, (2) the breach in health-related personal data is a significant tool for fatal attacks, and (3) health-related misinformation …

Analysis Of Genetic Variation In An Important Pest, Tuta Absoluta, And Its Microbiota Witha New Bacterial Endosymbiont, Fariba Mehrkhou, Nurper Güz, Ertan Mahi̇r Korkmaz, Naci̇ye Sena Çağatay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Tomato leaf miner is an aggressive and invasive pest that causes serious damage in tomato production, resulting in up to 100% yield losses during serious outbreaks. The management of tomato leaf miner with synthetic pesticides is difficult due to its leaf mining habit, short life span, high reproductive rates, and insecticide resistance problem. In this study, sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene of Tuta absoluta specimens were analyzed and compared with the available COI sequence data members from GenBank. All the specimens of tomato leaf miner were clustered together in a single group with a high support …

Investigation Of Some Enthomopathogens As Biocontrol Agents Of Tinocallis (Sappocallis) Saltans (Nevsky, 1929) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Eli̇f Tozlu, Göksel Tozlu, Recep Kotan, Önder Çalmaşur, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In Turkey, Tinocallis (Sappocallis) saltans (Nevsky) on Ulmus glabra Hudson was detected for the first time, and it was determined that it caused a considerable amount of damage. The study was conducted for the purpose of determining the usability of enthomopathogens in the control against it, while avoiding the negative effects of chemicals on the environment and human health. A total of 12 bacteria strains were tested for control efficacy and verified: Brevibacillus brevis (2), Bacillus thuringiensis (1), Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (2), Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstakii (2), Bacillus subtilis (1), Pseudomonas chlororaphis (1), Bacillus sphaericus GC subgroup D (1), …

Co2 Respiration Rates Of Einkorn Wheat At Different Temperature And Moisture Contents, Hakan Ki̇bar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Temperature and grain moisture content are the main factors affecting grain spoilage in storage. These factors have a significant impact on the maintenance of quality, insect, fungus, and pest development. The main objective of this study was to determine the CO2 concentration and respiration rate of hulled einkorn wheat in different temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) and grain moisture contents (9.1%, 11.5%, 13.8%, and 15.9%, wet basis) by means of CO2 sensors. Multiple polynomial regression equation was developed to predict respiration as affected by temperature and grain moisture content. The CO2 concentrations and respiration rates …

Effects Of Position Angles In Twin-Jet Spray Applications On Droplet Penetration Of Hydraulic Nozzles, Bahadir Sayinci, Bünyami̇n Demi̇r, Emel Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different position angles in twin-jet spray applications on droplet penetration of different nozzle types. Seven different nozzle types (standard flat fan, ST; narrow flat fan, STN; multirange, LU; low-drift potential, AD; air-induction, IDK; twin-jet air-induction, IDKT) were used and nozzles were positioned +15° along the forward direction, perpendicular to ground surface 0? and reverse direction of forward -15°. Spray experiments at 100 L/ha constant application volume were conducted under controlled conditions of a closed facility. Water sensitive paper (WSP) was used as sampling surface. WSP samples were placed vertically and horizontally …

Impact Of Roasting Level On Fatty Acid Composition, Oil And Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contents Of Various Dried Nuts, Emel Öz, Eli̇f Eki̇z, Adem Savaş, Eyad Aoudeh, A.M. Abd El-Aty, Fati̇h Öz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Herein, the effects of roasting levels (rare, medium, and well) on the fatty acid composition, oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contents of various dried nuts (almonds, hazelnuts, peanuts, and cashews) were investigated. The roasting level affected the moisture and total oil contents, as well as the fatty acid composition. The roasting level had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents of the dried nuts, while it had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). In raw and dry roasted nut, the most common SFA, MUFA, and PUFA were palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acid, respectively. The amounts of linoleic acid and ΣPUFA, as well as ΣPUFA/ΣSFA ratio were the lowest in the well roasted samples. Additionally, the types of dried nut had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on the amounts of total oil and fatty acid compositions. The highest total oil amount (62.15%) was found in hazelnuts, while the lowest PUFA content (7.54%) was also determined in hazelnuts. From the nutritional perspective of view, the highest ΣPUFA / ΣSFA ratio (2.40) belonged to almonds. Although the recovery rates of PAH standards varied between 70.14%-85.10%, none of the heavy PAH compounds could be detected in raw and roasted samples.

Biogenic Amines Contents Of Van Herby Cheese Matured By Different Methods, Rumeysa Bozkurt, İbrahi̇m Altun

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, biogenic amines levels of Van herby cheese (Van Otlu peynir) matured in dry-salted/filling (basma) and brine (salamura)-salted techniques were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 100 herby cheese samples matured by dry-salted and brine-salted techniques (50 dry-salted and 50 brine-salted) were purchased from the grocery stores in Van province, and chemical characteristics and biogenic amines contents of the samples were determined. The mean chemical composition for Van herby cheese matured by dry-salted method and brine-salted methods were, respectively, as follows: pH value 4.62 and 5.16, acidity 1.50% and 1.08%, salt content 7.85% and 7.15%, dry matter …

Reforming Cotton Genes: From Elucidation Of Dna Structure To Genome Editing, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Sajid Majeed, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Xiongming Du, James E. Frelichowski, Lori Hinze, Muhammad Tehseen Azhar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Cotton is an essential fiber producing crop in the world. It also supports additional industries by providing high quality oil and protein in the form of cottonseed cake. Currently, there is an urgent need to increase lint yield, fiber quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses due to rising pressure from a global population and possible supply shortages from the effects of erratic climate changes. Classic plant breeding and transgenic strategies need more genetic breakthroughs to support the increasing pressure for fiber quantity and quality. A potential for rapid increases in crop improvement is in various state-of-the-art gene editing …

A Smart Agricultural Application: Automated Detection Of Diseases In Vine Leaves Usinghybrid Deep Learning, Ahmet Alkan, Muhammed Usame Abdullah, Hanadi̇ Omai̇sh Abdullah, Muhammed Assaf, Huiyu Zhou

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This paper reports a study which utilizes deep learning for automated detection of the symptoms of diseases on vine leaves. Vine fruits or grapes are very important and have existed in Syria and surrounding areas (e.g., Turkey) for many years. Quality of vine fruits is also very important in grape production as it is consumed in these areas every day. The aim of this study is to improve diseasedetection accuracy in vine leaves and to develop a system to help Syrian and Turkish farmers and agricultural engineers to maintain the quality of grape production. In this study, over 1000 images …

Analysis Of Designs Used In Monitoring Crop Growth Based On Remote Sensing Methods, Cristina Teodora Dobrota, Rahela Carpa, Anca Butiuc-Keul

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Choosing appropriate designs and methods for monitoring crop growth is a challenging process of major importance. Remote sensing from space and manned or unmanned airborne operations are used to measure crop reflectance and a wide variety of other agricultural parameters. While some experiments use only a few, specific methods and designs and organize the results in lists of evidence, other experiments use a wider range of techniques to create a more credible and comprehensive assessment of crop yield. Particular situations related to the available resources in terms of data collection and expertise in addition to the intended use of the …

Fine Root Vertical-Seasonal Distribution Of Robinia Pseudoacacia In Relation To Abioticfactors In A Chronosequence In Coastal Saline Alkali Land Of The Yellow River Delta, China, Longmei Guo, Banghua Cao, Peili Mao, Zexiu Li, Muzheng Hao, Tiantian Wang, Fucheng Jiang

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Despite the recognized importance of the fine roots in influencing tree growth and stand productivity, knowledge of fine roots is still limited, especially in adverse sites like saline-alkali land. In this paper, we applied sequential soil coring to assess the influence of stand age, soil depth and growth month on fine roots in 3, 16, 30 and 40-year old Robinia pseudoacacia stand in coastal saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta, China. Besides, the correlations between fine roots characteristics fine root biomass (FRB), fine root length (FRL), fine root surface area (FRSA), specific root length (SRL) and specific root surface …

Impacts Of Gümüşhane Cement Dust Emissions On Soil Elemental Compositions, Serdar Bi̇len, Müdahi̇r Özgül, Ekrem Özlü, Murat Bi̇len

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The cement dust deposition can cause environmental pollution and heavy metal contamination, which negatively impacts soil nutrient availability and hence crop productivity. Thus, this study evaluates the impact of cement dust emissions on soil elemental compositions in different tillage managements. In this study, composite soil samples were taken from conventional tillage (CT), and notill (NT) managed fields under wheat-sugar beet (potato)-fallow cropping sequence. Soil samples were randomly collected from 0-30 cm depth in three replications and different distances (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 km) from a cement plant. Soil pH, clay, and CaCO3 contents were higher under CT …

Apple Leaf Disease Detection And Classification Based On Transfer Learning, Cevher Özden

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The world population and the number of people affected by hunger constantly increases. Precision farming offers new solutions to a modern and more fertile production in agriculture. Early and in-place disease detection is one of the fields that recent studies have focused on. The present paper introduces a new approach to transfer learning in that training, validating and testing of the model have been made on images from different sources to see its effectiveness. Several optimization methods including the adaptation of a recent custom PowerSign optimization algorithm are compared in the study. Accordingly, the model with Adagrad optimizer produced more …

Genetic Characterization Of Almond (Prunus Amygdalus L) Using Microsatellite Markersin The Area Of Adriatic Sea, Jasna Hasanbegovic, Semina Hadziabulic, Mirsad Kurtovic, Fuad Gasi, Biljana Lazovic, Boris Dorbic, Azra Skender

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The use of microsatellite (SSR) markers has successfully found its application in genetic characterization and examination of the origin of a large number of fruit species. Mediterranean germplasm is characterized by a great variety of almond genotypes. The study covered two geographically distant regions Montenegro (Bar) and Croatia (Sibenik) in a sample of 60 almond genotypes. Genetic analysis of almonds involved the use of ten microsatellite primers for genetic characterization of 60 examined genotypes, which successfully amplified PCR products and were highly polymorphic. Nine microsatellite markers used for the genetic characterization of almonds are derived from Prunus persica (UDP97-402, UDP98-411, …

Morphological And Molecular Characterization Of Croatian Carob Tree(Ceratonia Siliqua L.) Germplasm, Snjezana Bolaric, Ivna Dragojevic Müller, Ales Vokurka, Dubravka Vitali Cepo, Mirko Ruscic, Sinisa Srecec, Dario Kremer

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The results of morphological and AFLP variability of 120 plants of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.), collected from 12 different locations (10 biological replicates for each location) on the coast and islands of the southern Croatian Adriatic, indicate high molecular and morphological variability among these carob populations. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significant differences among populations (26.07%; p < 0.001; a = 0.05). Out of the total variability, 22.49% refers to the variability among, and 77.51% within populations. UPGMA and STRUCTURE analysis based on AFLP genetic data clustered carob populations into three main groups representing three real genetic populations. UPGMA analysis based on morphological traits of leaves, pods, and seeds clustered carob populations into five groups. Mantel test showed significant correlation between morphological and genetic data (r = 0.58, p < 0.001; a = 0.05). According to the high genetic and morphological variability, the germplasm collection in the analysis could represent an important genetic pool for future breeding programmes. The goal of future research should be the conservation of C. siliqua in its natural habitats, and the establishment of gene banks of genetic resources with the purpose of creating new carob cultivars in breeding programmes.

Effectiveness Of The Two Plus Two Online Program In Agriscience Education: A Case Study Of Students’ Experiences And Persistence, Ronald M. Howell Jr

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Higher education is changing, and more community colleges find themselves helping to increase the number of students who receive a bachelor’s credential from a 4-year post-secondary institution. This qualitative study was designed to determine the effectiveness of the online two plus two Agriscience Education program at a university in North Carolina. Twelve current and former students provided feedback about their perspectives and lived experiences through semi-structured interviews.

Preliminary findings suggest that both current and former students find the two plus two program very cost-affordable, flexible, and convenient for transferring two years’ worth of credit and courses to earn a bachelor’s …

Work Ethic And Productivity: The Mediating Role Of Leadership, Everly Tapp

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Employee work ethic and workplace productivity are vital for organizational success. Past research has shown leadership style to be influential on both, with the manager-employee relationship impacting employee’s attitude and output in the workplace. This study investigated the relationship between employee work ethic and workplace productivity, while also examining the impact of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles on agriculture equipment dealership employees. The leadership style of service managers, as measured by the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) (5x-Short), was compared to the workplace productivity and work ethic scores of the service technicians they manage. Service technician workplace productivity data was …

Weeds As Hosts Of Plant Parasitic Nematodes In Subtropical Agriculture Systems, Habraham F. Lopez, Pushpa Soti, Ganpati B. Jagdale, Parwinder Grewal, Alexis Racelis

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

With a nearly year-round growing season, tropical and subtropical regions are plagued with a myriad of agro-nomic challenges, including near-continuous weeds and invertebrate pests including plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). A poor understanding of the presence and geographical distributions of these pests complicate their man-agement, especially in organic farming systems. This work attempts to document the interaction of PPNs with the major weeds in the semi-arid region of south Texas. Five organically managed farms were surveyed for four weeds of regional agronomic importance including silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium), common sunflower (Helianthus annuus), false ragweed (Parthenium hysterophorus), and London rocket (Sisymbrium irio). Soil …