Agriculture Commons^™

Research Progress On Formation Mechanism, Determination Methods And Regulatory Measure Of Acrylamide In Food, Chai Qing-Qing, Wu Wen, Liu Peng-Fei, Li Zi-Song, Wang Ai-Yue, Cui Bo

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the formation mechanism, detection methods and the potential strategies to reduce acrylamide concentration were reviewed. And it will be helpful to provide theoretical reference for controlling the formation of acrylamide in foods.

Research Progress On The Improvement Of Processing Properties And Protein Functionalities Of Pse-Like Poultry Meat （Broiler And Turkey）, Liu Shuang, Li Xiang, Tang Hua-Li

Food and Machinery

Summarized the lower processing properties of PSE like poultry meat by adding non meat ingredients includding starches, carrageenans, soy protein concentrates, egg albumin, collagen, oils, salt and phosphate. The technologies which were used to improve the protein functional properties of PSE-like poultry meat were also discussed. The technologies included high pressure processing, high-intensity ultrasound processing, pulsed electric field treatment, nonenzymatic glycation with glucosamine, enzymatic glycosylation catalyzed by transglutaminase, and isoelectric solubilization/precipitation processing. And the development direction of these methods was prospected.

Research And Development Of Pet Aseptic Filling Technology And Equipment Of Beverage, Chen Jin-Ding, Yang Shu-Qiao, Gao Yan-Xiang

Food and Machinery

In this article, the process of the PET aseptic filling technology of beverage was summarized, and research progress of the PET aseptic filling process and equipment was analyzed. The aim of this article was to provide relevant basis for the application and optimization of the PET aseptic filling technology in the beverage industrial production.

The Research On Scavenging Nitrogen Radical Ability Of Reduced Pyrroloquinoline Quinone, Ma Ke, Wu Zhen-Zhen, Yang Xue-Peng

Food and Machinery

The changes were discussed in the scavenging rate of ABTS free radicals of reduced pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQH₂) under different mass concentrations and different reaction time conditions. The primary and secondary reaction kinetic models were established. With conventional antioxidant vitamin C as a control, the scavenging performance of PQQH₂ on ABTS free radicals was studied. Results: The higher of the concentration of PQQH₂ and the longer the time were, the higher of the scavenging rate of ABTS free radicals was. After 25 minutes of reaction, the scavenging rate of 70 mg/L PQQH₂ could reach more than …

Effects Of Enterobacter Fermentation On Chemical Components Of Tobacco Extract And Cigarette Quality, Ye Jian-Bin, Qi Xiao-Na, Yang Zong-Can, Zhang Ting-Ting, Feng Ying-Jie

Food and Machinery

Here, tobacco extract was produced by fermentation using Enterobacter, then the tobacco extract was prepared by concentration. Continuous flow was applied to analyze the chemical composition of tobacco extract; and the aroma components were also analyzed by GC-MS. The as-prepared tobacco extract was applied in the cigarettes, and its effects on sensory and smoke aroma components were also evaluated. Results showed that, after fermentation, the content of protein, starch, galacturonic acid, total plant alkali and amino acid were decreased by 28.95%, 19.44%, 18.91%, 3.71% and 37.45%, respectively. The tobacco extracts prepared by fermentation had a typical sweet flavor, and the …

Uncertainty Evaluation Of The Determination Of Vitamin C In Fruits And Vegetables By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Wang Xia, Zhang Wei-Yi, Han Yi-Yi, Chen Mei-Lian, Feng Dong-Sheng

Food and Machinery

To evaluate the uncertainty of the determination of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables by high performance liquid chromatography, a mathematical model was established to evaluate each uncertainty component, and the standard uncertainty and extended uncertainty of the synthesis were calculated. The results showed that the amounts of vitamin C in samples was 33.7 mg/100 g, and the expanded uncertainty was 1.4 mg/100 g (k=2). The uncertainties of the determination mainly come from the preparation of standard solution and the repeatability of determination.

Method Improvement Of Gas Chromatography In Determination Of Inositol In Infant And Young Children Formula Milk Powder, Zhu Li, He Hao, Xue Min-Min, Chen Wen-Zhang, Cheng Meng-Ya, Yuan Lie-Jiang, Wu Hai-Zhi

Food and Machinery

Based on the second method of GB 5009.270—2016, a more convenient and efficient gas chromatography method was established for the detection of inositol content in infant formula milk powder. Compared with the second method of GB 5009.270—2016, this method can shorten the drying time and the derivative time on water bath through improving the extraction solvent and extraction methods, the purification methods, the drying methods of the derivatives and the adding sequence and proportion of derivative reagent. What’s more, this method can also reduce the retention time and analysis time in inositol’s detection by optimizing the testing parameters of gas …

On-Line Elimination System Of Foreign Materials In Cut Tobacco Based On X-Ray, Han Ming, Wu Xue-Qin, Han Hui-Dan, Zhao Shu-Hua, Zhu Jian-Xin

Food and Machinery

The system was based on the differenceof X-ray absorption capacity of different density materials to design On-line elimination system of foreign materials in cut tobacco based on X-ray. The system uses X-ray to transmit the cut tobacco to form the original density data, and uses the mutation of the original density value to distinguish the foreign materials, so as to realize the function of on-line detection and recognition of foreign materials. And a unique method of screening out foreign materials by parallelogram injection which made the foreign materials close to the center of the parallelogram was designed to improve the …

Research On The Construction Of Traceability System For Food Cold Chain Logistics Based On Blockchain Technology In The Post Epidemic Era, Li Hang, Dong Rui

Food and Machinery

Based on the background of the post epidemic era, the development status of Chinese cold chain logistics market and the pain points of food cold chain logistics information traceability system were analyzed in this review, and the existing problems were discussed and summarized. Based on the blockchain technology, the construction of food cold chain logistics traceability system was also investigated, by using three dimensions of participant setting, system framework design and operation process optimization, and the specific implementation path of the newly constructed traceability system from three aspects of government, enterprise and consumer was expounded.

Research Process Of Valuable Product And Biorefinery Of Wine Lees, Guo Zhi-Jun, Zhang Wang-Fei, Jiang Lu, Fang Yu-Lin

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the development of high-value by-products and biorefinery of wine lees are summarized. On the basis, the reasons of industrialization of wine lees recycling in China were analyzed, and the solution were put forward. Valorization of wine lees could lead to highly efficiency bioprocesses and promote the clean production of wine industry.

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Nutrition Quality Of Commercial Auricularia Auricular From 15 Production Area, Wang Li-Yan, Wang Xin-Miao, Jing Rui-Yong, Wu Nan

Food and Machinery

13 nutrition components were used as as quality evaluation index, methods of principal analysis and subordinate function were applied to comprehensively evaluate the quality of commercial Auricularia auricular from 15 production area, and clustering analysis was used to classify Auricularia auricular quality. The results showed that 4 principal components were extracted from 13 nutrient components, and their cumulative contribution rate was 81.52%, which could reflect the comprehen-sive information of the quality of Auricularia auricula better. The contents of iron, zinc, total fatty acid, crude polysaccharide and ash could be used as indexes for the comprehensive quality evaluation of Auricularia auricula …

Crop Insurance Premium Subsidies Are A Means Of Income Redistribution, Charalampos Mavroutsikos, Konstantinos Giannakas, Cory Walters

Cornhusker Economics

The U.S. federal crop insurance is a major farm policy aimed at providing risk protection/reduced risk expo-sure to agricultural producers. A key component of this policy is the provision of multiple contract options and premium subsidies that reduce the cost of crop insurance to agricultural producers. Premium subsidies have been growing over time and accounted for more than $6 billion in government outlays in 2019, with $2 billion being applied to coverage levels of 80% and higher (USDA-RMA, 2020). While the government has justified the use of premium subsidies as a necessary means of increasing producer participation in crop insurance, …

Assessment Of Available Manganese In Milk By Using Fodders Grown In Long-Term Wastewater Irrigated Soil, Mudasra Munir, Kafeel Ahmad, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Asmat Zahra, Asma Ashfaq, Ifra Saleem Malik, Mumtaz Akhtar, Humayun Bashir, Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan

Journal of Bioresource Management

Heavy metals are considered as most important contaminations due to industrialization of countries and an influence on its existence in soil, plant and milk. A study was carried out to check manganese content in soil, forage and milk at three sites of city Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. All samples (milk, soil, water, fodder plants and ground water) were analyzed for manganese by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Different health indices were also studied to check Mn flow in food chain. Level of Mn in samples was found within acceptable limits. Manganese level was higher in soil samples collected from Site-III than other sites. …

Coleoptile Length Comparison Of Three Winter Small Grain Cereals Adapted To The Great Plains, M. Alam, M. Kashif, Amanda Easterly, F. Wang, J. D. Boehm Jr., P. Stephen Baenziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Successful crop stand establishment is critical to realize high yield potential, which is dependent on depth of seed placement to access soil moisture. The coleoptile determines sowing depth by its length and ability to emerge from depth. This study was conducted to assess coleoptile length among three sets of three Great Plains winter small grain cereals—wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and triticale (X triticosecale Wittm.)—and to evaluate the effect of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele on coleoptile length in wheat and triticale. Fifty seeds of each genotype were sown in wet germination paper in two …

Some Fundamentals Of Marketing Meat Goats, Angela Mckenzie-Jakes

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Over the last couple of decades, the demand for goat meat has risen in the U.S. However, the current supply of domestic goats does not meet the demand. In fact, the increase in demand is the result of the growth in ethnic populations in the U.S. Consequently, small producers are raising goats as a source of income. Thus, they must become familiar with ethnic holidays or festivals, understand marketing, and the importance of body condition scoring and selection criteria in order to increase returns from the sale of their goats. The objectives of this paper were to discuss the U.S. …

The Wild Side Of Commodity Markets: Hedging In Times Of High Volatility, Fabio Mattos

Cornhusker Economics

Commodity markets go through periods with low volatility when we generally see small variations in prices, as well as periods with high volatility, when we tend to see large swings in prices. Regardless of the degree of price volatility in the market, producers can always use marketing contracts as a way to hedge the price risk of their operation. Even though the general mechanics of hedging are the same in periods of low volatility and high volatility, some aspects of hedging become more evident in times of high volatility. In this article, we will discuss some of these aspects focusing …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Grasses, Grains, And Legumes, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. Droughts damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. This fact sheet is the first in a series of three that provide an overview of drought-tolerant crops, grasses, and native plants, which may assist in maintaining agricultural production for food and feed and sustain grasslands and rangelands in the arid Southwest. The following grasses, grains, and legumes used for forage, fodder, and human consumption, are all drought tolerant and, in many cases, tolerate salty soil …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Ornamentals, Herbs, And Cosmetics, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. Water shortages are also common, especially in the late summer when water restrictions are often imposed. Drought can damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. This fact sheet is the third in a series of three that provide an overview of drought-tolerant crops, grasses, and native plants, which may assist in maintaining agricultural production for food, feed, and cosmetics and sustain grasslands and rangelands in the arid Southwest. The following ornamental, herbs, and cosmetics …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Edible Produce, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. From 2000 to 2020, 65% of the state of Utah experienced abnormally dry conditions, 78% of Arizona, 69% of New Mexico, and 71% of Nevada. Drought can damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. Sustaining agricultural production (crops, food, livestock) on tribal lands will become progressively more challenging in the future due to decreased water availability, extended droughts, and changes in precipitation quantities and timing. This fact sheet is the second in a series …

Samphires (Tecticornia Species) For Dryland Salinity Management In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Samphire is the common name for native plants from the genus Tecticornia (synonym Halosarcia). Although slower growing than saltbush and bluebush species, samphires have higher tolerance to saline conditions and waterlogging, and are common in waterlogged saline areas of south-west Western Australia.

Samphire is not a desirable grazing species.