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Full-Text Articles in Human Ecology

Regulation Of Adipose Tissue Metabolism By Nfkb P65 In Transgenic Mice, Tianyi Tang Jan 2009

Regulation Of Adipose Tissue Metabolism By Nfkb P65 In Transgenic Mice, Tianyi Tang

LSU Master's Theses

Inflammation has been widely reported to regulate adipocyte functions in adipose tissue. Our early study suggests that NFkB signaling pathway is activated by inflammation and involved in inhibition of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. NFkB was found to inhibit PPARg function through several possible mechanisms in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To test this possibility in vivo, we increased the NFkB activity in adipocytes in transgenic mice by expression of NFkB p65 subunit under the aP2 gene promoter. The phenotype study shows that the food intake, physical activity and development are similar in the two groups. The reproductivity was not different in the two …

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The Effect Of Interactive Homework On Dibels Performance, Shelley M. Scott Jan 2009

The Effect Of Interactive Homework On Dibels Performance, Shelley M. Scott

LSU Master's Theses

Homework is a common practice in most kindergarten classrooms. There are varying opinions on the purpose of homework, the frequency in which homework should be given, the duration of time kindergarten-aged students should spend on homework, and how the use of homework impacts student performance. The DIBELS (Good & Kamanski, 2003) is an assessment tool that measures student performance on early literacy skills and identifies students who are at-risk for failure to read. The proposed study will incorporate recommendations for creating developmentally appropriate homework that addresses skill deficiencies identified by the DIBELS to determine the impact of homework on DIBELS …

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Religiosity And Chinese Immigrants' Marriage, Yaxin Lu Jan 2009

Religiosity And Chinese Immigrants' Marriage, Yaxin Lu

LSU Master's Theses

The existing literature on religion and family indicates that religious beliefs and practices are correlated with various aspects of marriage and family life. Chinese immigrants are an important part of the U.S. population. However, very little is known about the relationship between religion and marriage for Chinese immigrants. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between Christianity and marriage in Chinese immigrant families based on in-depth qualitative interviews. Sixteen highly religious Chinese Christian couples were interviewed to examine how religious faith influenced their perceptions of marriage and family life. Most of the participants in this study held …

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Infant Communicative Behaviors And Maternal Responsiveness, Chinwe Laura Onwujuba Jan 2009

Infant Communicative Behaviors And Maternal Responsiveness, Chinwe Laura Onwujuba

LSU Master's Theses

This study is an examination of infant communication and maternal responsivity in order to determine the impact of training on mother-infant communicative interaction. A sample of three mothers and their infants were observed during 10 minute free play sessions before and after a training intervention. The focus of the training was the principles of parenting contained in the Right-from-Birth: A Parenting Series (Grace & Lindsey, 2003) training. A multiple baseline design was used to measure maternal responsiveness to infant communication. Positive and negative maternal responses, as well as the rate of infant communication were also measured. Results showed an increase …

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Parallel Cloth Simulation Using Openmp And Cuda, Gillian David Sims Jan 2009

Parallel Cloth Simulation Using Openmp And Cuda, Gillian David Sims

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The widespread availability of parallel computing architectures has lead to research regarding algorithms and techniques that best exploit available parallelism. In addition to the CPU parallelism available; the GPU has emerged as a parallel computational device. The goal of this study was to explore the combined use of CPU and GPU parallelism by developing a hybrid parallel CPU/GPU cloth simulation application. In order to evaluate the benefits of the hybrid approach, the application was first developed in sequential CPU form, followed by a parallel CPU form. The application uses Backward Euler implicit time integration to solve the differential equations of …

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Family Structure And Educational Attainment: An Expansion On The Theoretical Framework Of William H. Jeynes, Jamie Leigh Jones May 2008

Family Structure And Educational Attainment: An Expansion On The Theoretical Framework Of William H. Jeynes, Jamie Leigh Jones

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduate requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

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Dietary Resistant Starch Increases Hypothalamic Pomc Expression Independent Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Neurons In Rats, Li Shen Jan 2008

Dietary Resistant Starch Increases Hypothalamic Pomc Expression Independent Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Neurons In Rats, Li Shen

LSU Master's Theses

Resistant starch (RS) is fermentable dietary fiber. It has been shown that inclusion of resistant starch in the diet causes decreased body fat accumulation and altered gut hormone profile. Gut hormone has complex effect on neuropeptides’ expression in the brain hypothalamic area which is regarded as key factors in regulation of energy homeostasis. In this project, thereby, it is proposed that 1) the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression may be altered by RS feeding; 2) afferent vagal nerves might be involved in this process. Animal experiment was conducted to investigate the hypothesis. The …

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Early Cumulative Caregiver Sensitivity And Its Relationship With Children's Later Perceptions Of Peer And Maternal Acceptance, Loredana Apavaloaie Jan 2008

Early Cumulative Caregiver Sensitivity And Its Relationship With Children's Later Perceptions Of Peer And Maternal Acceptance, Loredana Apavaloaie

LSU Master's Theses

The study examined the possibility of relationships between caregiver sensitivity across multiple caregivers during the child’s first three years of life and both children’s later perceived peer acceptance and children’s later perceived maternal acceptance. Data were collected from 26 children, aged between 5 and 8-years old, and the 32 unique caregivers that the children had experienced during their first 36 months in child care. Assessments were made using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (PSPC, Harter & Pike, 1984) and the Caregiver Interaction Scale (CIS, Arnett, 1989). Correlations were calculated among the 7 primary …

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An Investigation Of Decision-Making Style Of Chinese College Student Online Apparel Shoppers, Yao Zeng Jan 2008

An Investigation Of Decision-Making Style Of Chinese College Student Online Apparel Shoppers, Yao Zeng

LSU Master's Theses

Internet users in China increased to 210 million with an annual growth rate of 53.3 percent in 2007 (CNNIC, 2008). This dramatic increase of Internet usage in China provides numerous opportunities for online marketers. Thirty-eight percent of Chinese netizens are 18 to 24 years old, among whom college netizens account for a large proportion in China (CNNIC, 2008). Given the market potential of targeting this group, research is needed to understand Chinese college students’ online shopping behavior. The purpose of this research was to better understand Chinese college student online apparel shoppers by investigating their decision-making style and explore the …

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Resistant Starch Is Effective In Lowering Body Fat In A Rat Model Of Human Endocrine Obesity, Julina Ann Robert Jan 2008

Resistant Starch Is Effective In Lowering Body Fat In A Rat Model Of Human Endocrine Obesity, Julina Ann Robert

LSU Master's Theses

Two studies were performed to determine the effects of resistant starch (RS) on body weight and fat. A 2x2 factorial design was used in both studies, and results were considered significant when p<0.05 for both studies. The first study examined the effects of RS in a high fat diet (44.8% of energy) on weight, fat, peptide-YY (PYY) levels, and cecal pH in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were fed a low fat energy control diet for one week prior to diet treatment. On week two, rats were blocked by weight and fed one of the following diets for 12 weeks (n=10): low fat, energy control (LFEC); LF resistant starch (LFRS); high fat, energy control (HFEC); or high fat resistant starch (HFRS). RS did not lower weight or fat with either the HF or LF diets. RS consumption resulted in greater full and empty cecal weights, and a lower pH for the LFRS diet. This data indicate fermentation, even though weight and fat loss did not occur. This is contrary to previous reports with RS, which has been shown to decrease body fat compared to controls. The second study examined the effects of RS on the weight, fat, PYY levels, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were used to represent rats prone to gaining weight, and sham rats represented normal rats. Rats were assigned to one of four groups (n=10): OVEC, OVRS, SHEC, or SHRS. Rats were fed the EC diet for 6 weeks prior to diet treatment to gain weight after surgery, and then blocked by weight and fat into diet treatment groups, and spent 13 weeks on treatment diets. Energy intake, total gastrointestinal weight, large intestine/cecum weight, and small intestine weight were all higher in RS fed rats relative to EC fed rats. Mesenteric, ovarian, perirenal, retroperitoneal, and total fat pads were lower in RS rats relative to EC rats. Although RS was not effective in lowering body weight or body fat in the first study, the data indicates that resistant starch may lower body weight and fat in postmenopausal women.

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Increasing The Communicative Behaviors Of Children With Low Levels Of Communicative Initiations In An Inclusive Preschool Classroom, Susanna Melikyan Jan 2008

Increasing The Communicative Behaviors Of Children With Low Levels Of Communicative Initiations In An Inclusive Preschool Classroom, Susanna Melikyan

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of the study was to measure the current level of communicative initiations exhibited by children enrolled in the LSU preschool program. Child communication was categorized as specific, unclear, or negative. These descriptors referred to peers ability to interpret the target child’s communication. Additionally, peer responses were recorded as either positive or negative based on their reaction to the target child’s communication. Children identified with either low levels of communicative initiation or unclear/negative communications were targeted for the intervention. Single-subject research methods were used to record each child’s communicative behaviors. A least-to-most assistive prompting (Horner & Keilitz, 1975) intervention …

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Dress In The United States Of America As Depicted In Postmortem Photographs, 1840-1900, Ryan Jerel Aldridge Jan 2008

Dress In The United States Of America As Depicted In Postmortem Photographs, 1840-1900, Ryan Jerel Aldridge

LSU Master's Theses

The results of a content and historical analysis of American postmortem photographs from 1840 to 1900 found in Sleeping Beauty: Memorial Photography in America and Sleeping Beauty II: Grief, Bereavement and The Family In Memorial Photography American & European Traditions by Stanley Burns (1990 and 2002) indicate that day dress was the most popular form of postmortem dress depicted in the photographs. A comparison of the findings from this examination of the dress of 89 deceased individuals depicted in 84 postmortem photographs with descriptions of dress based on nineteenth century archaeological burial remains and portraits of living individuals indicates that …

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Association Of Breakfast Consumption Patterns With Weight Status, Nutrient Intake, And Dietary Adequacy In African American Children 1-12 Years Of Age And Adolescents 13-18 Years Of Age, Brandy Michele Williams Jan 2008

Association Of Breakfast Consumption Patterns With Weight Status, Nutrient Intake, And Dietary Adequacy In African American Children 1-12 Years Of Age And Adolescents 13-18 Years Of Age, Brandy Michele Williams

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of these studies was to determine whether weight status, nutrient intake, and dietary adequacy were associated with breakfast consumption patterns. A representative sample of African American (AA) children and adolescents who participated in 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used in a secondary data analysis. Participants were first grouped by age: 1-12 years of age (y) (n=1,389), 13-18 y (n = 988) and then by breakfast consumption category: breakfast skippers, ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) consumers, and other breakfast consumers. A single multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recall was conducted using computer-assisted software to record dietary intake. To estimate …

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Recommended Practice In Preschool Instruction: Increasing Child Attention During Whole Group, Mauree Elizabeth Harris Jan 2008

Recommended Practice In Preschool Instruction: Increasing Child Attention During Whole Group, Mauree Elizabeth Harris

LSU Master's Theses

In a teacher-directed activity, such as whole group, children can learn new skills by following the teacher’s directions and/or model the teacher’s behaviors. The National Association for the Education of Young Children Developmentally Appropriate Practices provides several recommended practices for creating a community of learners. When teachers follow these strategies they are providing multiple opportunities to engage children (Bredekamp & Copple, 1997). When used appropriately, whole group instruction can be very effective when teaching and can be used at various times of the day. Whole group instruction builds a sense of community among the classroom. The purpose of this study …

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The Relationship Between Early Cumulative Caregiver Sensitivity And Children's Later Self-Perception Of Cognitive Competence And Cognitive Performance, Jenna Rae Watson Jan 2008

The Relationship Between Early Cumulative Caregiver Sensitivity And Children's Later Self-Perception Of Cognitive Competence And Cognitive Performance, Jenna Rae Watson

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between children’s experiences of caregiver sensitivity during the first three years of their life and their later self-perceptions of cognitive competence and cognitive performance. Caregiver sensitivity was measured using data that had been collected with the Caregiver Interaction Scale (CIS, Arnett, 1989) during an earlier longitudinal study, the Baton Rouge Early Care Study (BRECES; Pierce & Benedict, 2007). Measures of cognitive competence were derived using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (Harter & Pike, 1984) and measures of cognitive performance were derived using the …

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Durable And Reusable Antimicrobial Textiles, Leila Elizabeth Bonin Jan 2008

Durable And Reusable Antimicrobial Textiles, Leila Elizabeth Bonin

LSU Master's Theses

Antimicrobial textiles are a large research focus in the textile industry. There is an apparent need for creating reusable and durable antimicrobial textiles. Most of the textiles with antimicrobial properties effective against Staphylococcus aureus are disposable. To address the issue, two types of biopolymer solutions were created in a USDA lab. Both solutions displayed antimicrobial properties. A medium weight, plain weave cotton sheeting was used as the test fabric. Samples of the sheeting were cut, treated, and tested to determine their efficacy as antimicrobial textiles. The tests performed included tensile deformation, bending, shearing, compression, surface friction, surface roughness, and treatment …

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The Food Patterns Of Southern Louisiana Residents, Chad Eriksen Jan 2008

The Food Patterns Of Southern Louisiana Residents, Chad Eriksen

LSU Master's Theses

Obesity is one of the most pressing public health concerns in Louisiana. There are numerous reasons believed to be major contributors to the obesity epidemic, one of which is dietary habits. The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify the dietary patterns of southern Louisiana residents. A self administered, semi-quantitative questionnaire was used. Subjects (n=308) were recruited from Louisiana State University (LSU). Results suggested that it is possible to describe the dietary patterns of a southern Louisiana population. Compared to whites, the percentage of African Americans who were served or consumed fried fish, rice, red beans and rice, …

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The Impact Of Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels On The Prediction Of Body Fatness From Bmi In White And Black College Students, Michael Zanovec Jan 2008

The Impact Of Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels On The Prediction Of Body Fatness From Bmi In White And Black College Students, Michael Zanovec

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that self-reported physical activity (PA) levels quantified from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) could be used to improve the prediction of percent body fat (%BF) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) from body mass index (BMI), gender, and race in White and Black college students. A total of 278 students, aged 18 – 24 yr, volunteered to participate. There were 133 males (85 White and 48 Black) and 145 females (77 White and 68 Black). Total activity levels were quantified in MET-hours per week (MET-hrs•wk-1) using the IPAQ short …

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Fabrication And Evaluation Of Specialty Nonwoven Materials, Nan Jiang Jan 2008

Fabrication And Evaluation Of Specialty Nonwoven Materials, Nan Jiang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The present work is to develop multifunctional materials with high performance on chemical absorption, adsorption and on acoustic absorption and insulation using natural fiber nonwovens via carbonization and activation. Evaluation of these textile materials includes tensile strength, thermogravimetric analysis, sound absorption and transmission loss, scanning electronic microscopy and surface properties. Carbonization of cotton nonwoven was carried out in a high temperature oven with nitrogen between 300 °C and 500 °C. The physical activation was undertaken using CO2. The N2 adsorpton isotherm curves of the cotton nonwoven showed the presence of micropores and macropores. High BET surface area and average pore …

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An Exploratory Study Of Hurricane Rita On The Food Supply And Food Availability In Women Living In Rural Southwest Louisiana, Natalie Kristine Davis Apr 2007

An Exploratory Study Of Hurricane Rita On The Food Supply And Food Availability In Women Living In Rural Southwest Louisiana, Natalie Kristine Davis

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Being Ghetto: The Hara As Heterotopia In Judeo-Tunisian Literature, Deborah Barnard Mar 2007

Being Ghetto: The Hara As Heterotopia In Judeo-Tunisian Literature, Deborah Barnard

The Coastal Review

The Hara, or ghetto, is a place that distinguishes its inhabitants from other religious and cultural groups, acting as a spatial indicator of their difference. When Foucault’s theory of heterotopia is applied, the Hara becomes a hybrid, a place simultaneously of crisis and of deviation. In Albert Memmi’s La statue de sel, the protagonist experiences the Hara as antagonistic, or as a dystopia. In Nine Moati’s Les belles de Tunis, the protagonist experiences the Hara as a utopia.

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Identification Of Herder-Wild Equid Conflicts In The Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area In Sw Mongolia, Petra Kaczensky, N. Enkhsaihan, O. Ganbaatar, Christian Walzer Jan 2007

Identification Of Herder-Wild Equid Conflicts In The Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area In Sw Mongolia, Petra Kaczensky, N. Enkhsaihan, O. Ganbaatar, Christian Walzer

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

In protected areas of Mongolian overgrazing, competition with wild ungulates and poaching are important management concerns. The Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area (SPA) in SW Mongolia is a re-introduction site for the Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), a stronghold of the Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus), and remains an important grazing area for seminomadic herders. We show the power of simple inventory and monitoring methods to assess herder-wildlife conflicts, by combining data of: (1) human and livestock demographic data, (2) migration patterns, of semi-nomadic herders, (3) monthly surveys of wild- and domestic ungulates, and (4) …

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Realistic Possibilities Of Passing Interest [Photo Essay], Nancy Viva Davis Halifax, Fred Yurichuk Jan 2007

Realistic Possibilities Of Passing Interest [Photo Essay], Nancy Viva Davis Halifax, Fred Yurichuk

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

This reflection on a series of photographs from the exhibition URGENT gathered by members from "A day in the life photography and story collective" begins to examine the way social structures are implicated in the lives of those who are living in poverty and how their lives can be rendered visible. Through our work in communities with people who are experiencing homelessness and insecure housing we consider the role of photography in picturing and subjecting communities to a gaze that has the potential to be empathic and engaged or uncaring and disengaged.

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'Time In A Bottle': Temporal Discontinuities In Narratives Of Diaspora, Emily Churilla Jan 2007

'Time In A Bottle': Temporal Discontinuities In Narratives Of Diaspora, Emily Churilla

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

The concepts of home have been, and continue to be, the foundation of much of the contention surrounding all sides of discourse regarding diaspora and immigration - through both viewing the home as threatened and defiled as well as redefining the imagined reality of home. It is the impasse of working around and against the frame of Western temporality and space from within the trope of home that this paper will explore; specifically how narratives of diasporic subjectivity disrupt and threaten normalized constructs of origin and time, history, and identity. Because to only consider the question of "home" leaves a …

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Evaluating The Effects Of A Multi-Component School-Based Nutrition Intervention Program In Elementary School Students, Linda Silverman Jan 2007

Evaluating The Effects Of A Multi-Component School-Based Nutrition Intervention Program In Elementary School Students, Linda Silverman

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of the study was to evaluate a multi-component school-based nutrition intervention program, Smart Bodies, to see if the curriculum increased nutrition knowledge, increased self-reported intakes of fruits and vegetables, and improved opinions, outcome expectations, social norms, and self-efficacy related to fruit and vegetables among elementary school students. The Smart Bodies curriculum was conducted in the classrooms of eighteen public schools in south Louisiana over a twelve-week period and included nutrition related games, videos, books and classroom activity tracking charts. Six hundred forty-one 4th and 5th grade students were included in the sample. A survey based on the Social …

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Resistant Starch Does Not Reduce Body Fat In Rats Fed A High Fat Diet, Sasmita Tripathy Jan 2007

Resistant Starch Does Not Reduce Body Fat In Rats Fed A High Fat Diet, Sasmita Tripathy

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined the effects of resistant starch in a high fat diet (28% of energy) on body weight, abdominal fat, cecal weight and pH, serum gut peptide YY (PYY) and gene expression for PYY and proglucagon in male Sprague Dawley rats. Three groups of rats (8wk) were fed one of the following diets for ten wks: energy control (EC; 3.7 kcal/g), resistant starch (RS; 3.7 kcal/g) and fiber control (FC; 2.9 kcal/g). Results were classified as significant when p<0.05. The consumption of RS resulted in significant increases in cecal weight (full and empty), serum PYY, gene expression for PYY and proglucagon in cecum and significant decrease in pH in cecal contents compared to the other groups. However, the disemboweled body weight and abdominal fat for RS were not lower compared to the EC. In our previous studies, we observed that RS in a low fat diet (18% of energy), produced similar gut signaling, as in the current study, but reduced disemboweled body weight and abdominal fat compared to EC. The reason for the unexpected results needs further study. Since high fat diets have been shown to alter brain response to other satiety signals (leptin), a high fat diet might affect neuronal responses to PYY and GLP-1 signaling from the gut caused by dietary RS.

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Is Ready-To-Eat-Cereal Consumption Associated With Nutrient Adequacy And Weight Status In Hispanic-American Children And Adolescents?, Solange Stella Pineda Vargas Jan 2007

Is Ready-To-Eat-Cereal Consumption Associated With Nutrient Adequacy And Weight Status In Hispanic-American Children And Adolescents?, Solange Stella Pineda Vargas

LSU Master's Theses

Breakfast consumption has been associated with an improved nutrient intake and diet quality in children and adolescents. Ready to eat cereal (RTEC) breakfast contributes to macro and micronutrient intake, because it is usually fortified with vitamins and minerals, and is low in fat and high in fiber content. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of RTEC consumption on nutrient intake and weight status in Hispanic-American (HA) children and adolescents using data from 1999 to 2002 The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants were categorized by breakfast skippers, RTEC breakfast, and other breakfast consumers. Hispanic-American …

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Family Resiliency Among Hurricane Survivors: Resource Loss, Prior Traumatic Events, And Cumulative Stress, Robin Michelle Knowles Jan 2007

Family Resiliency Among Hurricane Survivors: Resource Loss, Prior Traumatic Events, And Cumulative Stress, Robin Michelle Knowles

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of the study was to assess predictors of family resiliency following a disaster and the relationships among them in an exploratory manner. Predictors that were assessed in the study were resource loss, prior traumatic events, cumulative stress and selected demographic characteristics. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) by combining Census data with storm damage estimates and purposive sampling, 50 participants affected by Hurricane Katrina from a single suburban community in Southern Louisiana in early spring 2006 were recruited and interviewed. In late spring and summer, data collection was continued in Southwestern Louisiana and 32 rural respondents affected by Hurricane …

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Technology Adoption Of Indian Garment Manufacturing Firms, Venu Varukolu Jan 2007

Technology Adoption Of Indian Garment Manufacturing Firms, Venu Varukolu

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and the effect of organizational factors on the level of technology adoption within the context of the Indian garment industry. Specifically, this study focuses on the effect of firm size, export orientation, top management’s commitment, cost of capital, technical skills, and competitive advantage. An online survey using a structured questionnaire was prepared through an online research service. A multiple regression analysis (MRA) was used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that firm size positively influences and export orientation negatively influences the technology adoption level of a firm. The effect …

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School Readiness And Preschoolers' Attachment Representations: Possible Connections, Katherine A. Darbonne Jan 2007

School Readiness And Preschoolers' Attachment Representations: Possible Connections, Katherine A. Darbonne

LSU Master's Theses

The current study examined the possible relationship between preschooler's school readiness and their attachment representations. More specifically, the study examined preschooler's performances on standardized tests and their perceptions of close relationships. The possible connection between school readiness and attachment representations was through children's experiences of stress during standardized testing situations (Fleege, Charlesworth, Burts, & Hart, 1992) and children's stress invoking the use of their internal working models (Bowlby, 1969/1982). The children were administered the Brigance CIBS-R (Glascoe, 1999), a standardized test that was most often used in the local schools to assess school readiness. The children were also videotaped while …

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