Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons^™

“I Can See The Forest For The Trees”: Examining Personality Traits With Trasformers, Alexander Moore

All Dissertations

Our understanding of Personality and its structure is rooted in linguistic studies operating under the assumptions made by the Lexical Hypothesis: personality characteristics that are important to a group of people will at some point be codified in their language, with the number of encoded representations of a personality characteristic indicating their importance. Qualitative and quantitative efforts in the dimension reduction of our lexicon throughout the mid-20^th century have played a vital role in the field’s eventual arrival at the widely accepted Five Factor Model (FFM). However, there are a number of presently unresolved conflicts regarding the breadth and …

Addressing Work-Related Traumatic Stress Nebraska - Needs Assessment Summary, Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development

Other QIC-WD Products

Exploration of Needs

The Quality Improvement Center for Workforce Development (QIC-WD) worked with the Nebraska Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) to conduct a needs assessment. The team leveraged: (1) administrative data, primarily from the Nebraska Department of Children and Family Services’ Human Resource department (DCFS-HR); (2) formal surveys of child welfare staff and supervisors; (3) QIC-WD team expertise; and (4) subjective perceptions and expertise from the Nebraska Workforce Project Team members.

DCFS-HR data included metrics and processes related to recruitment, hiring, and retention; culture and climate; and other workforce processes and initiatives, such as onboarding, mentoring, supervision, …

Coping Strategies Mediate The Relation Between Executive Functions And Life Satisfaction In Middle And Late Adulthood: A Structural Equational Analysis, Hui Si Oh, Hwajin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Recent studies have suggested that executive functions (EF) predict life satisfaction for older adults. However, the mechanism is not known. By analyzing a sample (N = 3,287, ages 32- 84 years) from the Midlife Development in the United States 2, we examined the mediational role of coping strategies in the relation between EF and life satisfaction. Both active coping and behavioral disengagement mediated the relation between EF and life satisfaction, and age significantly moderated the mediational pathways. Specifically, the positive effect of EF on active coping was more pronounced in middle-aged and older adults than in young adults. However, the …

Exploring The Workplace Climate At Police Agencies During Civil Unrest And The Factors Influencing Officers' Participation In Black Lives Matter Protesting, Joshua R. Ruffin

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Scholars have long documented the negative relationship between police and communities of color. While these findings are of great importance, research remains limited on how connected police officers are to social justice movements (e.g., Black Lives Matter, or BLM for short) and the purposes behind why they exist. Furthermore, many studies focusing on police officer experiences tend to examine officer experiences with protesters, with limited studies focusing on their experiences with other officers during civil unrest and on the factors that influence their participation in protest movements when off duty. To help fill this gap, this study utilized semi-structured interviews …

Guilty As Not (Re)Charged: Calling, Work-Recovery Guilt, And Their Effects On Recovery Experiences, Jeffrey Drake Terry

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Public and scholarly interest in the concept of work as a calling has grown considerably over the past few decades (Thompson & Bunderson, 2019). Much of this research has focused on the positive outcomes of calling, including increased work engagement (e.g., Dobrow Riza et al., 2019) and job performance (e.g., Park et al., 2016). However, a few studies have focused on the negative outcomes of calling, such as limited psychological detachment from work (Clinton et al., 2017). According to Work as Calling Theory (WCT; Duffy et al., 2018), psychological climate and individual differences may help to explain why some individuals …

Trait Anxiety In The Workplace: A Job Demands-Resources Perspective, Tessly Ann Dieguez

Theses and Dissertations

There is a widely held assumption that anxiety is always bad for job performance, when, in reality, the research findings on anxiety and performance are complex, varied, and inconsistent. Anxiety is extremely common and recently on the rise in the general population, and it can be related to important workplace outcomes such as job performance and well-being. Using the theoretical backdrops of the job demands-resources model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007, 2018) and the theory of workplace anxiety (Cheng & McCarthy, 2018), this study proposed a model examining the mechanisms through which trait anxiety could lead to lower and higher typical …

Careless Responding In Survey Research: An Examination Of Individual, Situational, And Cultural Characteristics, Michael William Mcferran

Theses and Dissertations

Careless responding is the act of responding to measures with low or little motivation in the form of not properly complying with survey instructions, interpreting survey items, or providing accurate responses (Huang et al., 2012; Meade & Craig, 2012). Careless responding is a concern for all researchers that implement any form of self-report survey methodology within their research as it can have varying effects on data quality and overall data interpretation (Credé, 2010; DeSimone & Harms, 2018; Huang et al., 2015; McGonagle et al., 2016). A comparatively large proporiton of research has examined response bias, whereas a limited, but growing, …

Mindful And Authentic: Examining Leaders’ Impact On The Feedback Environment, Ché Lindsay Albowicz

Theses and Dissertations

The majority of what is currently known about mindfulness at work focuses on the individual benefits of being mindful (see Glomb, Duffy, Bono, & Yang, 2011; Good, et al., 2016), leaving an opportunity to understand the interpersonal impact of mindfulness at work. The current study tested whether mindful individuals, specifically mindful leaders, impact the work experience of their direct reports. Building on initial evidence (Leroy et al., 2015; Nubold, Quaquebeke, & Hulsheger, 2019) and strong theoretical ties (Kernis, 2002), supervisor mindfulness was a significant predictor of direct reports’ perception of authentic leadership behavior. Empathy was tested as a positive other-directed …

Work-Family Enrichment: Does It Help Manage Emotional Exhaustion During The Covid-19 Pandemic?, Syayyidah Maftuhatul Jannah, Anniza Citra Prajasari, Noni Setyorini

The South East Asian Journal of Management

Research Aims: This study aims to analyse the role of work-family enrichment on emotional labour and the impact of emotional exhaustion during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach: The type of data collected is primary data that uses an online questionnaire. The sampling method is a purposive sampling technique. The PLS-SEAM is used to analyse the collected data.

Research Findings: Work-family enrichment and family-work enrichment had a positive and significant effect on emotional labour (surface acting and deep acting) and on emotional exhaustion.

Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The results of this study show the importance of the role of work …

Organizational Commitment Profiles And Employee Well-Being: A Latent Profile Analysis, Hannah E. Perkins

LSU Master's Theses

The present study examined the influence that employees’ organizational commitment profile has on both work and non-work outcomes. While the nomological network of the three-component model of organizational commitment has been studied widely, the application of the latent profile analysis (LPA) has changed the way researchers explore organizational commitment. Specifically, while variable centered approaches (e.g., correlations, multiple regression) measure each type of commitment independently and ultimately assume the linear relationships detected are applicable to every employee, a person-centered approach (e.g., latent profile analysis) groups individuals according to patterns of the reported target variables, allowing researchers to explore the combined or …

An Exploration Of Groups Dynamics And The Impact Of Unconscious Processes, Phil Hanlon

Level 3

Despite extensive research on groups, organisations continue to experience problems with them. Is this an inherent feature of the nature of groups? This article aims to provide a practical understanding of the unconscious processes in groups and how these impact on group functioning. It further elaborates some guidelines for managers on optimising team / group performance.

The article interrogates the work of Sigmund Freud regarding his views on how groups function, drawing mainly on his work Group Psychology and Analysis of the Ego (1921).

It asks if a study of Freud’s work can help organisations reconsider the nature of groups, …

The Mediation Basic Psychological Needs Has On Leaderships Styles And Outcomes, Eric Zhu

Symposium of Student Scholars

There has been a focus on which leadership styles relate to certain outcomes, such as burnout, organizational commitment, and positive/negative affect. It appear that what predicts whether or not a person feels positively or negatively about their organization and how much burnout they experience is not predicted by leadership styles in and of itself, but rather how the leadership style satisfies or frustrates basic psychological needs. Although organizational commitment does not seem to be predicted by basic psychological needs solely and that leadership style does play a significant, if secondary, role in its prediction, I believe that to be due …

Exploring Antecedents And Outcomes Of Engineering Students’ Perceived Employability, Nicholas A. Leymeister

Symposium of Student Scholars

The purpose of this research is to investigate the antecedents and outcomes of engineering college students’ perceived employability, which refers to an individual’s perception of their ability to acquire satisfactory employment based on their professional qualifications. We hypothesized that psychological resilience, which describes an individual’s ability to bounce back from adversity, is positively related to perceived employability. Additionally, job seekers with learning goal orientation (LGO), who are motivated to improve their competence by acquiring and mastering new skills, were also hypothesized to have higher perceived employability. We further proposed that perceived employability is positively related to job search intensity and …

The Effects Of Imperfect Top-Down Selection On The Accuracy Of The Direct Range Restriction Adjustment, Alma Treon

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Accurate assessment of the effectiveness of personnel psychology functions is vital to the field. Many personnel decisions are made based on correlations between predictor variables and measures of job performance; however, those correlations are often affected by range restriction. As encountered in applied practice, range restriction weakens the strength of the correlation. Equations exist to correct for the effects of range restriction on correlations; these equations are widely accepted and used by Industrial-Organizational psychologists today. This study expands on research by Hall (2016), which examined the accuracy of the direct range restriction correction equation provided by Thorndike (1949) under varying …

Sexual Orientation Diversity And Inclusion In The Workplace: A Qualitative Study Of Lgb Inclusion In A Uk Public Sector Organisation, Ashley Williams, Neill Thompson, Binna Kandola

The Qualitative Report

Inclusion has been identified as a key component of successful approaches to organisational diversity management. To date, the inclusion literature has predominantly used quantitative methodology to study visible forms of diversity such as gender and ethnicity. Invisible forms of diversity, such as sexual orientation diversity, have received limited research attention, despite Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) employees facing significantly higher rates of bullying and discrimination in the workplace than their heterosexual colleagues. The current study uses semi-structured interviews and template analysis to investigate LGB employees’ experiences of workplace inclusion within a UK public sector organisation. Findings demonstrate that LGBs share …

Retention Of Physician Assistants Within A Specialty After Completion Of A Postgraduate Training Program, John Ansiaux Pa-C, Carly Farrell Pa-C, Kathryn Hess Pa-C, Aubrey White Pa-C, Charlotte Peeters Pa-C, Jill Schulten Pa-C, Ryan Krasnosky Mpas, Pa-C, Dfaapa, Drph

Journal of Nursing & Interprofessional Leadership in Quality & Safety

Background: The advantages of a specialized training program have led to over 84 postgraduate training programs for Physician Assistants (PAs) covering over 25 specialties. Employee lateral mobility is more prevalent within the PA profession, which allows PA providers to switch between medical specialties. The versatility of PAs promotes higher turnover rates compared to physician counterparts. These high turnover rates can result in increased institutional burden. Postgraduate PA programs provide pre-employment exposure to more in-depth medical training, enabling a well-rounded knowledge base of the PA’s roles and responsibilities, minimizing turnover rates.

Purpose: The goal of this survey study is to identify …

Examination Of An Individual-Level Stigma Reduction Tactic In Front-Line Service Encounters, Christopher J. Waterbury, Nicholas A. Smith Phd., Larry Martinez Phd., Shi (Tracy) Xu Phd.

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Minority stress theory links short- and long-term negative health outcomes to stigma and discrimination. It is important that workers have the agency to effect change in the processes of discrimination as a social determinate of health. Identity management strategies are elective tactics that workers may wish to use to reduce discrimination. Front line service workers may be discriminated against by customers in the form of negative customer service evaluations. Group-level stereotypes may influence customer service perceptions more than objective service quality. In this poster, we report findings from two studies in which we examined the effectiveness of an individual-level stigma …

Reformation Within The Nation: Adapting The Nordic Rehabilitation And Reintegration Model To Positively Recondition The United States Criminal Justice System, Jessica Cornell

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

An analytical and statistical based comparison of criminal sentencing, incarceration, rehabilitation and reintegration in the United States of America to those of the five countries which follows those of the Nordic Criminal Justice System.

Using Cliftonstrengthstm For Professional Development: Recommendations For Practice, Nancy A. Watkins, Cynthia Gautreau, Daryl V. Watkins

Publications

This article explores how a culture of strengths-based leadership can positively impact professional development for school site administrators. The strengths of school district administrators were measured through the administration of CliftonStrengths™ assessment. Themes that emerged were determined through the assessment and qualitative analysis of responses. A sample of convenience 50 principals and assistant principals from a public school district in Southern California participated in this research. The findings revealed that the common talent themes among school site administrators were relationship building, executing, influencer, and learner. This study supports future practices to enable human resources personnel to design targeted professional development …

Addressing The Disconnects Between Hr And Child Welfare, Michelle Graef, Maggie Thompson

QIC-Takes

When it comes to efforts to improve workforce outcomes, how would you describe the relationship between human resources (HR) and child welfare leadership in your agency? Is the working relationship collaborative or are the divisions siloed? Do child welfare and HR departments routinely share information, needs, data, and expertise? Is HR involved in child welfare workforce planning and decision making? These are just a few of the questions we have explored with child welfare agencies as part of our work at the QIC-WD. Overall, agency representatives have indicated that opportunities for increased collaboration exist between these departments and that closer …

Supportive Supervision And Resiliency Ohio - Theory Of Change, Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development

Other QIC-WD Products

The Quality Improvement Center for Workforce Development (QIC-WD) developed a theory of change for the primary area of need identified in partnership with the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services and the nine participating counties. Through a series of steps and causal links, a theory of change provides a roadmap to address the root causes of an identified workforce problem and describes how and why changes are expected to lead to the desired outcomes. In Ohio, the theory was informed by various aspects of the needs assessment process (e.g., survey data, implementation team input, and focus groups with supervisors) …

Frontline Job Redesign Louisiana - Theory Of Change, Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development

Other QIC-WD Products

During the needs assessment process, the QIC-WD developed a theory of change in collaboration with the Louisiana Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS). Through a series of steps and causal links, a theory of change provides a roadmap to address the root causes of an identified workforce problem and describes how and why changes are expected to lead to the desired outcomes. The needs assessment identified high worker turnover as a key challenge for DCFS, with the following key root causes:

• the workload was unmanageable and there were too many tasks to be performed
• supervisors and managers were …

An Examination Of The Antecedents And Outcomes Of Diversity Initiative Fatigue, Kennedy London Hammonds

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of my study is to examine the relationship between attitudes toward Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), cynicism towards organizational change, diversity initiative fatigue, and unit diversity climate. It was hypothesized that negative attitudes toward BIPOC will be associated with cynicism toward organizational change and diversity initiative fatigue will mediate that relationship. It was also hypothesized that unit diversity climate will moderate the relationship between negative attitudes toward BIPOC and diversity initiative fatigue and moderate the relationship between negative attitudes toward BIPOC and cynicism toward organizational change. To examine these relationships, a survey was distributed to WKU …

A Monte Carlo Analysis Of Seven Dichotomous Variable Confidence Interval Equations, Morgan Juanita Dubose

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Department of Psychological Sciences Western Kentucky University There are two options to estimate a range of likely values for the population mean of a continuous variable: one for when the population standard deviation is known and another for when the population standard deviation is unknown. There are seven proposed equations to calculate the confidence interval for the population mean of a dichotomous variable: normal approximation interval, Wilson interval, Jeffreys interval, Clopper-Pearson, Agresti-Coull, arcsine transformation, and logit transformation. In this study, I compared the percent effectiveness of each equation using a Monte Carlo analysis and the interval range over a range …

An Investigation Of Perceived Authenticity Of Diversity And Black Lives Matter Statements And Their Influence On Applicant Attractiveness, Shelby Nicole Davis

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (i.e., organizations’ diversity and social justice [Black Lives Matter] statements) influences applicant attractiveness to organizations. Using Fortune-500 companies’ diversity and Black Lives Matter statements as indicators of CSR activities, I examined the relationship between CSR activities, perceived authenticity, organizational attractiveness, and person-organization fit. It was hypothesized that diversity statements that specifically mention race and actions taken to promote diverse workplaces (i.e., strong) will be seen as authentic and those organizations will be the most attractive. Additionally, it was hypothesized that social Black Lives Matter (BLM) statements that specifically mention systemic racism/ racial inequality and/or actions to …

Occupational Depression In A Spanish-Speaking Sample: Associations With Cognitive Performance And Work-Life Characteristics, Bianchi Renzo, Guadalupe Manzano García, Maria Pilar Montanes, Emily A. Schonfeld, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

This 386-participant study investigated the structural and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis revealed that the ODI meets the requirements for essential unidimensionality. Measurement invariance held across our sample and the English- and French-speaking samples used in the ODI’s initial validation study. Mokken scale analysis indicated that (a) the scalability of the instrument was strong, (b) no violations of monotonicity or local independence were present, and (c) invariant item ordering was sufficiently accurate. The ODI’s reliability was optimal. The ODI exhibited both convergent validity and discriminant validity vis-à-vis …

Applying The Circumplex Model To The Examination Of Job Stress, Emily Jade Andrulonis

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study investigated job stress as a dynamic phenomenon and the possibility of job stress spin. The concept of spin is typically associated with affect and examined using the Circumplex Model of Affect. In an effort to better assess job stress, the circumplex model was adapted to reflect the dynamic nature of job stress. One preexisting data set is utilized in this study. In the sample, burnout was collected once using the Oldenberg 15-item Burnout Inventory; experiences of job stress were also collected once using the Stanton measure of work stress. Two items, pumped and excited, were added in the …

A Monte Carlo Analysis Of Standard Error-Based Methods In The Construction Of Standard Error Of Difference Bandwidths, Diljot Singh Kochhar

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study is to examine the if the standard error of estimate (SEE) is more effective than the standard error of measurement (SEM) when used in the construction of use the standard error of the difference (SED)-based bandwidths. It was hypothesized that the standard error of estimate would be a more effective equation to use than the standard error or measurement because it allows for the estimation of a range of true scores around an observed score instead of the opposite scenario. To examine the effectiveness of the equations, a Monte Carlo analysis was employed to determine …

The Role Of Motivation In Employee Disposition And Choosing To Act Among Manufacturing Employees: A Grounded Theory Of Discretionary Effort, Shawn Michael Andrews

Dissertations

Managers are often tasked to accomplish more with the resources at their disposal. Doing more with less is especially associated with the manufacturing industry providing a rich and relevant backdrop for study. Understanding discretionary effort as a resource, how it manifests, and when and how manufacturing employees choose to do more than is required is key to achieving results in an increasingly competitive and evolving industry. This constructive grounded research study investigated how 25 non-salaried manufacturing employees conceptualized how and why they chose to engage in activities that were considered above and beyond job role expectations. Extant literature was considered …

Coachmotivation: Leveraging Motivational Interviewing Methodology To Increase Emotion Regulation Ability In The Workplace, Michael R. Nelson

Industrial-Organizational Psychology Dissertations

Emotions are complex, powerful states that both positively and negatively impact personal and professional human experiences. One’s ability to regulate their emotions has been related to desirable organizational outcomes such as (a) decreased counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), stress, and negative emotions and (b) increased well-being, coping abilities, and job satisfaction. However, appropriate workplace interventions that increase perceived emotion regulation (PER) abilities continue to be limited. Stemming from Motivational Interviewing (MI), CoachMotivation (CM) is a modified form of organizational coaching that translates core practices of clinical MI interventions (i.e., OARS: open questions, affirmations, reflections, summary statements) into coaching conversations in the …