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Articles 301 - 330 of 696
Full-Text Articles in Linguistics
Lessons Learned: The Process Of Creating And Evaluating An Adult Literacy Curriculum For College Transition, Meredith Leigh Packard Gravett
Lessons Learned: The Process Of Creating And Evaluating An Adult Literacy Curriculum For College Transition, Meredith Leigh Packard Gravett
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis documents the process of developing and evaluating a curriculum written for adult literacy students transitioning from their current literacy goals to academic and occupational pursuits. The curriculum, titled the Basic College Skills Transition Curriculum (BCS Transition Curriculum), was written for students at Project Read, a non-profit adult literacy program located at the Provo Library in Provo, Utah. The model used to design this curriculum is a variation on the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation), including the reiterative steps of research and evaluation. The lesson plans and materials in the BCS Transition Curriculum include the topics …
The Analogical Modeling Of Variation In Russian Inflectional Morphology, Vitalijs Sadovskis, Dr. Royal Skousen
The Analogical Modeling Of Variation In Russian Inflectional Morphology, Vitalijs Sadovskis, Dr. Royal Skousen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The primary purpose of this project was to explain the common and frequently occurring phenomena of variation in Russian morphology. This research is based on empirical data from the Russian language output of native speakers of Russian. The data sets were prepared for and processed by the Analogical Modeling software designed specifically for predicting language behavior. The results of computer analysis were compared with the actual language usage.
Knowing Knobe: A Linguistic Approach, Justin Stark
Knowing Knobe: A Linguistic Approach, Justin Stark
Journal of Undergraduate Research
People encounter and make decisions constantly. Trivially, we may need to decide which color blue better matches our eyes or, significantly, we may be asked to make a decision as participants in a jury, a decision that could affect the rest of someone’s life. Some of the more important and influential decisions we make are moral decisions. There has been a lot of interesting research analyzing and discussing moral decisions and the studies range in discipline from neuroscience to philosophy. Some of this research has suggested that language can play an important role in our decision-making processes as well as …
Arabic Study Abroad: An Exploratory Study Of Connections Between Journal Writing And Language Gains, Kendon Kurzer, Dr. Dan Dewey
Arabic Study Abroad: An Exploratory Study Of Connections Between Journal Writing And Language Gains, Kendon Kurzer, Dr. Dan Dewey
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This project explored connections between language gains and instances of positive and negative responses as recorded in pseudo-dialogue journals kept by second language learners of Arabic participating in a study abroad (SA) program to Jordan. Daily journals from seven of forty-four total participants were analyzed for this project: those of the four students who showed the most proficiency gains over the course of the program as determined by pre- and post-study abroad program Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) scores, and those of the three students who showed no proficiency gains between their pre- and post-program OPI scores. Trends noted included the …
Factors Influencing Language Gains For Chinese Speakers During Study Abroad, Spencer Ring, Andrew Westover, Dr. Dan Dewey
Factors Influencing Language Gains For Chinese Speakers During Study Abroad, Spencer Ring, Andrew Westover, Dr. Dan Dewey
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In this project, we aimed to investigate factors that influence study abroad students’ development of linguistic proficiency in Mandarin Chinese. We decided to focus on Mandarin Chinese because, as Dewey (2007) observes, an understanding of what factors affect the development of proficiency in Asian languages is limited compared with European languages, which have received more research focus in second language acquisition studies.
Ethnic Group Affiliation And Second Language Acquisition, Sarah Franklin, Dr. Wendy Baker-Smemoe
Ethnic Group Affiliation And Second Language Acquisition, Sarah Franklin, Dr. Wendy Baker-Smemoe
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Over the past forty years a significant amount of research has explored how to improve second language (L2) acquisition, most of which has examined factors that influence this ability. Little research, however, has examined how ethnic group affiliation (defined as how closely you feel attached to your native culture and language) affects this learning, especially in bilingual communities. It is hoped that the current research will not only help in understanding the many factors that influence L2 acquisition, but may also demonstrate how ethnic group affiliation can be used to preserve endangered languages throughout the world.
A Study Of Second Language Acquisition Of Glottal Ejectives Through A Comparative Phonetic Analysis Of Mayan Q’Eqchi’ Native Speakers And English L2 Learners Of Q’Eqchi’, Karl Olaw Christian Wagner, Dr. Wendy Baker Smemoe
A Study Of Second Language Acquisition Of Glottal Ejectives Through A Comparative Phonetic Analysis Of Mayan Q’Eqchi’ Native Speakers And English L2 Learners Of Q’Eqchi’, Karl Olaw Christian Wagner, Dr. Wendy Baker Smemoe
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The research the grant from the Office of Research and Creative Activities has allowed me to perform has been a wonderful opportunity that has helped me to take my undergraduate work to a higher level. To be able to apply the linguistic knowledge I’ve gained in the classroom in real research, even research abroad at that has been of great worth to me. The entire process has been a learning experience and continues to be so as I finish my work on this project. This process, from the first rough sketches of a possible research project to the current work …
Japanese Sentence Parsing In An Artificial Intelligence System, Nathan Glenn, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Japanese Sentence Parsing In An Artificial Intelligence System, Nathan Glenn, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In this project, we created a Japanese sentence parser that functions within a cognitive modeling architecture known as Soar. It was created by modifying an existing English parser called XNL-Soar, which implements minimalist principles in syntactic parsing. Japanese lexical access is performed via GoSen and a Java interface to the Japanese WordNet, and syntactic and semantic processing is done within Soar. The ease with which the parser was modified to process Japanese input is extremely encouraging and lends support to its use as model of human sentence processing, as well as to the Minimalist Program in linguistics. The system is …
Interpreting Standard Usage Empirically, Jacob F. Frandsen
Interpreting Standard Usage Empirically, Jacob F. Frandsen
Theses and Dissertations
Writers, editors, and everyday language users look to dictionaries, style guides, usage guides, and other published works to help inform their language decisions. They want to know what is Standard English and what is not. Commentators have been prescribing and proscribing certain usages for centuries; however, their advice has traditionally been based on the subjective opinions of the authors. Recent works have analyzed usage by relying wholly or partly on statistical and descriptive data rather than traditional opinion alone; however, no work has presented statistical usage data in a user-friendly and consistent format. This study presents a statistically based methodology …
Automatic Readability Detection For Modern Standard Arabic, Jonathan Neil Forsyth
Automatic Readability Detection For Modern Standard Arabic, Jonathan Neil Forsyth
Theses and Dissertations
Research for automatic readability prediction of text has increased in the last decade and has shown that various machine learning methods can effectively address this problem. Many researchers have applied machine learning to readability prediction for English, while Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has received little attention. Here I describe a system which leverages machine learning to automatically predict the readability of MSA. I gathered a corpus comprising 179 documents that were annotated with the Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) levels. Then, I extracted lexical and discourse features from each document. Finally, I applied the Tilburg Memory-Based Learning (TiMBL) machine learning system …
The Effect Of Age On Second Language Acquisition In Older Adults, Charisse Alaine Major
The Effect Of Age On Second Language Acquisition In Older Adults, Charisse Alaine Major
Theses and Dissertations
A primary purpose of second language (L2) research is to determine what factors hinder or help L2 acquisition. One aspect that has a strong effect on L2 proficiency is learners' age of onset of acquisition (AOA) (Johnson & Newport, 1989). These studies and others suggest that younger learners are more adept than older learners at learning an L2, especially to a near-native level. However, some older learners can become quite proficient in an L2 (Ioup, et al. 1994; Bialystok, 1997; Bongaerts, 1999), although learners who have acquired the L2 over the age of 30 are rarely studied. Why is it …
A Modified Approach To The Implementation Of Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback, Brooke Elizabeth Eddington
A Modified Approach To The Implementation Of Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback, Brooke Elizabeth Eddington
Theses and Dissertations
Grammatical accuracy in second language (L2) writing is one of the key issues that English as a Second Language (ESL) learners struggle with, both in intensive English language programs and continuing after their university matriculation. Numerous instructional methodologies exist that center around the concept of error correction—how can or should ESL instructors correct grammatical errors in L2 students' writing to best facilitate improvements in written linguistic accuracy? Error correction in L2 writing has been a controversial issue for over a decade (e.g., Ferris, 1999; Truscott, 1996), and in an effort to contribute to an understanding of this controversial topic, this …
An Empirical Test Of Analogical Modeling: The K/Ø Alternation, C. Anton Rytting, Dr. Royal Skousen, Deryle Lonsdale
An Empirical Test Of Analogical Modeling: The K/Ø Alternation, C. Anton Rytting, Dr. Royal Skousen, Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Turkish is an agglutinative language, meaning that each word consists of a word stem followed by a variable number of suffixes. Sometimes, the addition of suffixes causes the stem to change its form. For example, stem-final velar consonants (i.e., /k/ and /g/) tend to be deleted between a stem vowel and a suffix vowel:
Analogical Modeling Of Japanese Loanword Formation From English, Nate Blaylock, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Analogical Modeling Of Japanese Loanword Formation From English, Nate Blaylock, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The topic of this research, by way of review, was to try to predict, using the Analogical Modeling of Language (AML) method, the formation of Japanese loanwords from English. In other words, given an English word, how would a Japanese person pronounce it if they adopted it into Japanese. (Ice cream being pronounced aisu kurimu, for example). It was intended to be a test of the strengths and weaknesses of AML for this kind of a task (it has already been attempted by others using other methods).
The Ch’Olti’ Link Language, Craig M. Warren, Dr. John Robertson
The Ch’Olti’ Link Language, Craig M. Warren, Dr. John Robertson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Perhaps one of the greatest achievements of the Mayan Civilization was their development of a writing system. Remnants of this highly sophisticated writing system can be found beautifully etched on temples and other ancient structures scattered throughout parts of Southern Mexico and Central America.
Summary Of The Creative Language Modeling Project, Trent M. Pehrson, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Summary Of The Creative Language Modeling Project, Trent M. Pehrson, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Creative language modeling (CLM) is a method of teaching linguistics principles to high school level students. In CLM, students learn about language principles by systematically designing an artificial language. The premise of CLM is that students can learn and retain language principles more readily when such principles are associated with creative experiences that give the student a personal stake in the learning process.
Modeling Dialogue Structures, Rebecca D. Rees, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Modeling Dialogue Structures, Rebecca D. Rees, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Within every human being lies the desire and the power to communicate—both to decide what to say and when to say it, and to unravel the meaning in someone else’s message. And dialogue is our fundamental tool of communication. Even a writer must take into account their intended audience and the most successful way to convey their “monologue”; my paper, for example, even if put away on some forgotten library shelf, will complete the communicative exchange (which I began when I started writing) the moment a reader picks it up, dusts it off, and opens the cover. The message will …
Linguistics And Law: An Assessment Of Linguistic Contributions In The Courtroom, Jordan Toone, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Linguistics And Law: An Assessment Of Linguistic Contributions In The Courtroom, Jordan Toone, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Linguistics has provided critical and clarifying evidence in the courtroom for decades. Not only have linguists and linguistic theory assisted the upholding of U.S. law but both have provided professional expertise in disputes throughout the world. The exciting correlation between linguistics and law has long been developing, while the assessment and evaluation of the relationship is in its infant stage and is yet to be fully established in professional research and publication.
The Language And The Law: Trademark Dilution Online, David Stankiewicz, Dr. William Eggington
The Language And The Law: Trademark Dilution Online, David Stankiewicz, Dr. William Eggington
Journal of Undergraduate Research
One of the most important areas of legal dispute today is internet trademark law. This has become an increasingly greater concern as more and more web pages grab for consumer attention. Many legal questions remain unanswered, and perhaps the most important of these is “Do we apply the old laws directly to cyberspace?” This question became a practical concern with “Kelley Blue Book v. Primdedia, Inc.”
Cross-Cultural Communication In The Medical Setting, David M. Smith, Dr. Bill Eggington
Cross-Cultural Communication In The Medical Setting, David M. Smith, Dr. Bill Eggington
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Communication between patients and physicians is perhaps the single most important issue in providing quality health care to a community. When segments of this community come from different cultural backgrounds and speak different languages, effective communication becomes more difficult. Over the last several years, Utah Valley has grown significantly more culturally and linguistically diverse. As a linguistics student with plans to attend medical school I wanted to research the current situation of cross-cultural care in the community and make suggestions for improvements in the future.
Dialect And Characterization In Mountain Meadows, Adrienne Landes, Dr. David Bowie
Dialect And Characterization In Mountain Meadows, Adrienne Landes, Dr. David Bowie
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Great writers are often praised for their fine ear for dialogue; Mark Twain, Jane Austen, and Thomas Hardy all had the talent for recreating discourse that gives their work authenticity and their characters individuality. While I will not be writing about my contemporary neighbors and countrymen, as did these authors, I have studied the language of my characters in an effort both to enrich the body of existing linguistic research, and also as background research for a play about the Mountain Meadows Massacre. The best dialogue makes use of the eccentricities unique to a society, thus I have recorded the …
Vowel Laxing In Utah English: Early Findings Of The Early Utah English Project, Ellen Lund, Dr. David Bowie
Vowel Laxing In Utah English: Early Findings Of The Early Utah English Project, Ellen Lund, Dr. David Bowie
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The study of dialect formation typically consists of examining changes within an already established dialect region, such as those caused by large-scale immigration or an extension of a previously existing dialect region. Utah English, on the other hand, was formed by native English speakers settling outside existing dialect regions. While this type of dialect formation has occurred before, usually only written records (if any) exist to document changes. The study of Utah English formation is a rare opportunity, because audio recordings of these dialect speakers were made.
Morphologically Parsing The Cebuano Lexicon, Jarren Bodily, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Morphologically Parsing The Cebuano Lexicon, Jarren Bodily, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit of meaning such as a prefix, a root word, or a suffix. Morphology then, is the study of the processes by which morphemes combine to form words.1 Understanding how words are formed is imperative to such applications as speech recognition, web searches, and corpus searches, which depend on identifying every instance of a word, including all inflected forms. For example, a search for the word run must recognize running, runner, and ran as possible results even though they have additional morphemes or irregular conjugated forms. In addition to technical applications, understanding morphology is …
Armenian Language Textbook: A Communicative Approach To Language Learning, John Henry Jorgensen, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Armenian Language Textbook: A Communicative Approach To Language Learning, John Henry Jorgensen, Dr. Cynthia Hallen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In the Post-Soviet era, there has been a dearth of language materials available to those wishing to learn the Armenian language. Thorough language texts are simply not available in Eastern Armenian, the official language of the Republic of Armenia. The small number of texts that exist are primarily geared toward native Russian speakers who wished to learn Armenian during the former Soviet regime.
Phrasal Cloning Through Analogical Modeling Of Language, Deryl K. Hatch, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Phrasal Cloning Through Analogical Modeling Of Language, Deryl K. Hatch, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Analogical Modeling (AM) is an algorithm for systematically comparing related sets of data (‘vectors’) in search of patterns of recurrence or dominance, whether they be apparent or not, in order to predict the likely outcome of novel occurrences. As an alternative to rule-based explanations of language, for example, it allows analogy to predict behavior, instead of rules prescribing that behavior. The motivation behind this approach is the idea that the human mind learns and processes language more by analogy than through applying hierarchal rules. It has successfully modeled many tendencies in language: historical change in English, irregularities and “exceptional” behavior …
Two-Level Persian Morphology Engine, Jonathan Dehdari, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Two-Level Persian Morphology Engine, Jonathan Dehdari, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Persian language, or Farsi, stands in a unique position in the international scene for political, religious, and historical reasons. With over 60 million speakers in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan, interest has been growing lately in the West in using current technologies to better manipulate information in Farsi. In order to utilize Farsi data effectively, computers must be able to understand its morphology, or the individual components of a word. This understanding of morphology is necessary because of the language’s productive usage of affixes, as well as the substantial interaction between its morphology and its phonology and orthography. I have …
Task-Centered Conversation Systems For Computer-Assisted Language Learning, Aric Bills, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Task-Centered Conversation Systems For Computer-Assisted Language Learning, Aric Bills, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Many language educators have envisioned computer systems capable of providing language learners with intelligent spoken interaction in the target language. Although we can’t expect to see a fully conversant computer for years to come, there are several resources available which can be used to make scaled-down, domain-restricted, speech-driven conversational computer systems from which language learners can benefit. Many of these resources are free for academic use and can be used on a personal computer. My project explores new ways to combine these resources to create useful task-centered conversational systems.
An Ontology-Driven Reading Agent, Deryle W. Lonsdale, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle
An Ontology-Driven Reading Agent, Deryle W. Lonsdale, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle
Faculty Publications
Textual data—from manuscripts to publications to website content—contains much of extant human knowledge. Unfortunately, the ability to harvest and effectively use this information beyond simple search/retrieval is greatly hampered by the scale of the “reading” problem: there is too much for any one person to read, and computers are not entirely adept at comprehending all information—explicit and implicit—contained in natural language text. Developing increased capability in this area is the focus of ongoing “machine reading” and “reading the web” research initiatives. Interested parties include businesses, the military, and intelligence-gathering agencies. Our own ongoing work with the Church Family History Department’s …
An Experimental Approach To Ambisyllabicity In English, David Eddington, Dirk Elzinga
An Experimental Approach To Ambisyllabicity In English, David Eddington, Dirk Elzinga
Faculty Publications
The factors that influence English speakers to classify a consonant as ambisyllabic are explored in 581 bisyllabic words. The /b/ in habit, for example, was considered ambisyllabic when a participant chose hab as the first part of the word and bit as the second. Geminate spelling was found to interact with social variables; older participants and more educated speakers provided more ambisyllabic responses. The influence of word-level phonotactics on syllabification was also evident. A consonant such as the medial /d/ in standard is attested as the second consonant in the coda of many English words (e.g. lard), as well as …
Mythologizing Change: Examining Rhetorical Myth As A Strategic Change Management Discourse, Jacob D. Rawlins
Mythologizing Change: Examining Rhetorical Myth As A Strategic Change Management Discourse, Jacob D. Rawlins
Faculty Publications
This article explores how rhetorical myth can be used as a tool for persuading employees to accept change and to maintain consensus during the process. It defines rhetorical myth using three concepts: chronographia (a rhetorical interpretation of history), epideictic prediction (defining a present action by assigning praise and blame to both past and future), and communal markers (using Burkean identification and rhetorically defined boundary objects to define a community). The article reports on a 3-year ethnographic study that documents the development of a rhetorical myth at Iowa State University’s Printing Services department as it underwent changes to its central software …