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Articles 961 - 990 of 12405
Full-Text Articles in Geography
A Survey Of Sampling Methods For Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Addressing Bias Induced By Random Sampling, Kevin T. Decker, Brett J. Borghetti
A Survey Of Sampling Methods For Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Addressing Bias Induced By Random Sampling, Kevin T. Decker, Brett J. Borghetti
Faculty Publications
Identified as early as 2000, the challenges involved in developing and assessing remote sensing models with small datasets remain, with one key issue persisting: the misuse of random sampling to generate training and testing data. This practice often introduces a high degree of correlation between the sets, leading to an overestimation of model generalizability. Despite the early recognition of this problem, few researchers have investigated its nuances or developed effective sampling techniques to address it. Our survey highlights that mitigation strategies to reduce this bias remain underutilized in practice, distorting the interpretation and comparison of results across the field. In …
Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward
Volume 18 Complete Issue, Robert W. Ward
Volume 18 Complete Issue, Robert W. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
Volume 18 Complete Issue
A Method For Describing The Problem Of Physician Distrbution In Rural Areasralph Ekwall, Ralph Ekwall
A Method For Describing The Problem Of Physician Distrbution In Rural Areasralph Ekwall, Ralph Ekwall
The Geographical Bulletin
In recent years much attention has been given to the problem of physician shortage and physician maldistribution. The first is controversial and not all the experts believe that it exists except as a part of the maldistribution problem. There is a fundamental agreement that a problem of maldistribution exists. The general nature of the problem is that physicians are distributed too densely in small cities and large city suburbs and too sparsely in the inner city and rural areas. It is not the intent of this presentation to offer a solution to the problem, but to offer a method for …
The Evaluation Of Four Time Intervals Applied To A Synoptic Weather Situation In The United State, Fred E. Kohle
The Evaluation Of Four Time Intervals Applied To A Synoptic Weather Situation In The United State, Fred E. Kohle
The Geographical Bulletin
synoptic meteorology almost always utilize the easily acquired National Weather Service weekly series of daily weather maps, issued every 24 hours at 7 A.M. eastern standard time (E.S.T.). These daily surface maps provide students with weather data from hundreds of weather stations in the continental United States. Students can use each map to compare and contrast weather patterns affecting several different parts of the country. A sequence of these daily maps allows students to attempt general weather forecasting using well-known weather relationships associated with the model middle latitude cyclone. They can then evaluate their forecasts by referring to the next …
Application Of 700 Millibar Synotic Climatology To Drought Analysis, B. Dey
Application Of 700 Millibar Synotic Climatology To Drought Analysis, B. Dey
The Geographical Bulletin
Large areas of the earth's surface experience occasional climatic fluctuations. Such fluctuations, integral to the weather system, often lead to drought or flood, and this influences crop production and commodity prices. Drought is a contributor to economic, social, and, on occasion, even political instability in both commercial and subsistence agricultural economics. Particularly affected are areas such as India, China, parts of Europe, and the American Great Plains which include the Canadian "Prairies". Because of its dominantly agricultural economy, and because of its location well within a zone of frequent drought, the Canadian Prairies section has been selected for study. Past …
Diffusion Of The Decision To Drain Agricultural Land In Delaware County, Indiana, T. Silas Kasambira, Jr.
Diffusion Of The Decision To Drain Agricultural Land In Delaware County, Indiana, T. Silas Kasambira, Jr.
The Geographical Bulletin
The amount and quality of land are vital production factors in agriculture. In some Indiana counties, the agricultural land resource base is limited by the presence of excess water. The decision to drain potential agricultural land in Delaware County, Indiana, and the subsequent diffusion of that innovation has increased the amount and quality of land available for agriculture. Draining agricultural land is a practice which began in the eastern United States and diffused rapidly across the country during the 1800's. The practice was introduced into northern Indiana, which has a great deal of flat, marshy terrain as early as 1850. …
Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher
Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher
The Geographical Bulletin
Whoops! Much to my surprise Volume 17 was not to be my last issue. This one is. Well, even though time has passed, my comments regarding our new Editor, Robert Ward, still apply. Please give him your support. Although his health did not allow him to be with us, I am pleased that GTU honored Dr. Buzzard on the 50th anniversary of the Society. Dr. Buzzard died this past summer and following this series of comments is Dr. Buzzard's last correspondence to GTU. I hope we will not forget his efforts to found our society; an effort which has been …
Jonas Wenger Hoover - 1889-1979 Dr. Commeaux, Malcolm Commeaux
Jonas Wenger Hoover - 1889-1979 Dr. Commeaux, Malcolm Commeaux
The Geographical Bulletin
Jonas Wenger Hoover, a faculty member at Arizona State University from 1924 to 1943 died recently at the age of 90. His life was somewhat like a roller coaster, reaching highs and lows; for the first half of his life he was considered a gifted, intelligent, and well-rounded man, and he was highly regarded as an author and teacher, but for much of his life he lived in obscurity and near the bottom of society. He is a forgotten man today, but his life can be a lesson to us all. Mr. Hoover was considered gifted in several respects. He …
Social Gaps & Urban Divides: How Social Factors Shape Economic Disadvantage In American Cities, Parker J. Peterson, Ruth Kerry
Social Gaps & Urban Divides: How Social Factors Shape Economic Disadvantage In American Cities, Parker J. Peterson, Ruth Kerry
FHSS Mentored Research Conference
This research examines the relationship between nonmarriage, education, and socioeconomic disadvantage across census tracts in Boston, Los Angeles, and Salt Lake City. Statistical analyses reveal significant differences in never-married proportions between cities, with strong correlations between nonmarriage and community disadvantage. Even when controlling for other factors, nonmarriage remains a significant predictor of disadvantage, though spatial regression shows education is the strongest predictor in Boston.
Community Land Governance In Liberia: Implications For Tenure Security And Land Concessions, Julia R. Entwistle, Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong
Community Land Governance In Liberia: Implications For Tenure Security And Land Concessions, Julia R. Entwistle, Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong
Geography and the Environment: Faculty Scholarship
Throughout rural Africa, the intersection of customary traditions and statutory governance has often led to overlapping jurisdictions and conflicts over community land rights. In Liberia, this dynamic is particularly evident in the rise of commercial land concessions. This article examines the Liberian government’s approach to community land rights and its impacts on land tenure security, especially in the context of these concessions. This study employs a discourse analysis of Liberian land use policies alongside qualitative data from in-depth interviews with community members living near large-scale plantations. Despite historical erosion of community land rights, Liberian communities have adapted statutory frameworks to …
Prenatal Exposure To Pm2.5 Concentration And Risk Of Preterm Birth In New Mexico; A Seasonal Pattern And Spatio-Temporal Modeling., Onyedikachi J. Okeke
Prenatal Exposure To Pm2.5 Concentration And Risk Of Preterm Birth In New Mexico; A Seasonal Pattern And Spatio-Temporal Modeling., Onyedikachi J. Okeke
Mathematics & Statistics ETDs
This study investigates the association between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth risk in New Mexico (2014–2021). Using descriptive statistics, time series models, and spatial analyses, findings show an average preterm birth rate of 14.87 per 1,000 live births, with moderate correlation (r = 0.727) between PM2.5 levels and very preterm births. While traditional models revealed no significant global effect, spatial methods such as Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multiscale GWR uncovered strong spatial heterogeneity. PM2.5 effects varied by county (coefficients: -0.00154 to 0.00150), with clustering evident in 2018–2019 (Moran’s I = 0.155–0.174). Results highlight the limitations of global models …
No. 39: Considering The Migration And Food Security Nexus In African Cities, Jonathan Crush, Zack Ahmed
No. 39: Considering The Migration And Food Security Nexus In African Cities, Jonathan Crush, Zack Ahmed
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
International migration and food security are still treated as separate policy and research domains, yet they are deeply intertwined in the African urban context. This paper unbundles the nexus between migration and urban food security by examining how migrants and refugees navigate food systems, cope with vulnerabilities, and deploy resilience strategies to mitigate food insecurity. As rapid urbanization reshapes African cities, migrants are becoming actors in informal food economies, both as consumers and vendors. However, economic exclusion, weak social protection, and precarity often expose them to heightened food insecurity. The paper explores how migrant food security is shaped by urban …
No. 38: Informal Female Food Vendors, Covid-19, And Post-Pandemic Recovery In Kisumu, Kenya, Silvia A. Odhiambo, Patrick Mbullo Owuor, Doreen Obondo, Janet Anyango Onyango, Joyce Kiplagat, Elizabeth Onyango
No. 38: Informal Female Food Vendors, Covid-19, And Post-Pandemic Recovery In Kisumu, Kenya, Silvia A. Odhiambo, Patrick Mbullo Owuor, Doreen Obondo, Janet Anyango Onyango, Joyce Kiplagat, Elizabeth Onyango
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
While there is substantial literature on the effects of COVID-19 on formal businesses, limited evidence exists on the impacts of the pandemic on informal female-owned enterprises. Additionally, no studies have explored the role of post-pandemic recovery strategies in meeting the unique challenges experienced by the informal food vendors in secondary cities in the Global South. In this paper, we explore the impacts of COVID-19 and the post-pandemic recovery strategies on female informal food vendors in Kisumu, the third largest city in the western region of Kenya. The study adopted qualitative methods – in-depth and key informant interviews and focus group …
No. 37: Harnessing Diaspora Finance For Climate Resilience In Africa, Eunice Annan-Aggrey
No. 37: Harnessing Diaspora Finance For Climate Resilience In Africa, Eunice Annan-Aggrey
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
As climate change accelerates, the costs of adaptation are rising sharply. This escalation comes at a time when financial inflows to developing countries – such as official development assistance and foreign direct investment – are declining. Meanwhile, the global political climate is becoming unfavourable to sustained climate financing commitments. In this context, the role of remittances in supporting climate adaptation and mitigation in developing countries has attracted growing interest. This paper broadens the lens to examine diaspora finance more holistically, encompassing not only remittances but also diaspora investments and knowledge transfer. It explores the potential of these various diaspora finance …
The Landowner As Change Agent In Rural Modernization: An Ecuadorean Example, Gene N. Franckowiak
The Landowner As Change Agent In Rural Modernization: An Ecuadorean Example, Gene N. Franckowiak
The Geographical Bulletin
In an era of impressive governmental and institutional support for rural modernization plans in developing countries, the privately financed, small-scale project can easily escape attention. A concentration of private funds and individual effort in small communities or single farms may occur for a variety of reasons ranging from humanitarian to pragmatic. Recognition may not be solicited if such gestures are designed to supplement existing law or correct difficult social problems in an environment of national political instability. Some landowners may react quite positively to highly localized problems to assure smoOlh functioning of agricultural systems where production is labor intensive. These …
News From Our Chapters By Michael L. Thaller, Robert M. Ward
News From Our Chapters By Michael L. Thaller, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
This year marks the beginning of the inclusion of chapter news formerly included in the International Newsletter within an expanded BUlletin. Chapter news was selected to provide chapters with hopefully interesting, new or unusual ideas. Many chapters that reported full and active years, but did nothing particularly unique will not find their news reported here. The editor wishes to thank all those who submitted news items for the Newsletter and hopes that those who do not find their chapter's news here will not feel that this negatively reflects on what were in many cases active and successful yearly programs. Further …
Vertical And Horizontal Turbidity Variation Across Coral Reef Habitats In Derawan Island: An In-Depth Analysis Using Aaq Rinko Water Quality Profiler, Fajar Dwi Pamungkas, Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa, Supriatna Supriatna, Feby Efriana, Farida Ayu, Novi Adi Susetyo, Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan, Dino Gunawan, Mutia Kamalia Mukhtar, Kintan Maulidina, Muhammad Haidar
Vertical And Horizontal Turbidity Variation Across Coral Reef Habitats In Derawan Island: An In-Depth Analysis Using Aaq Rinko Water Quality Profiler, Fajar Dwi Pamungkas, Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa, Supriatna Supriatna, Feby Efriana, Farida Ayu, Novi Adi Susetyo, Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan, Dino Gunawan, Mutia Kamalia Mukhtar, Kintan Maulidina, Muhammad Haidar
Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)
No abstract provided.
Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward
Volume 19 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward
Volume 19 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
Volume 19 Complete Issue
Prehistoric Origins Of The Chippewa Indians, Ronald A. Janke
Prehistoric Origins Of The Chippewa Indians, Ronald A. Janke
The Geographical Bulletin
This paper investigates the location of precontact Chippewa contacts and the complexities of the geographic environment in which they occurred. Reconstructed land use and settlement maps along with recent archaeological and linguistic research have added new ideas concerning the origin, early migrations, and contacts of the Chippewa Indians. Very little is known about the culture and the area that the Chippewa occupied before the time of European influence. According to the legends and traditions of the Chippewa, they originally inhabited the area next to the Gulf of the St. Lawrence River, near the Atlantic Ocean, and gradually moved westward and …
A Revival: The Visiting Geographical Scientist Program, Alice Rechlin
A Revival: The Visiting Geographical Scientist Program, Alice Rechlin
The Geographical Bulletin
A Revival: The Visiting Geographical Scientist Program
The Impact Of A Growth Center On An Agricultural Hinterland: A Case Study Of Taegu, Korea, Soohyun Chon
The Impact Of A Growth Center On An Agricultural Hinterland: A Case Study Of Taegu, Korea, Soohyun Chon
The Geographical Bulletin
Although the location of large urban centers such as Seoul, Pusan, and Taegu has had a major impact on changes in the surrounding agricultural hinterland, regional differences of agricultural development in Korea have not received much attention until recently (Fig. 1). Keidel, for example, noted that Kyongi-do and Kyongsangnam-do have higher agricultural income levels than the remainder of the country because they produce commercial crops for Seoul and Pusan, respectively.1 More recently, after the construction of a modern highway between these two cities, Chungchongbuk-do and Kyongsangbuk-do provinces emerged as the major suppliers of commercial crops for Seoul and Pusan. If …
An Evaluation Of Planned Settlement In The Bolivian Tropics: The 1974 Plans, Martha A. Works
An Evaluation Of Planned Settlement In The Bolivian Tropics: The 1974 Plans, Martha A. Works
The Geographical Bulletin
In the early 1960's Bolivia made the first set of attempts at colonization of the lowlands, or Oriente, lying east of the Andes. This effort was largely in response to events that had taken place earlier in the century, namely the Chaco War, the Social Revolution of 1952 and the collapse of the mining economy.1 Colonization schemes were implemented in an attempt to provide enough land for the people, increase opportunities for displaced miners, and to promote national unity by settling the eastern areas of the nation.2 The early colonization projects were concentrated in two areas -the Alto Beni (east …
Editor's Comments, Robert M. Ward
Editor's Comments, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
As incoming editor, I wish to extend my appreciation to Gamma Theta Upsilon's Board of Directors for their confidence in me, and to the membership for their continuing support of the Society. During recent meetings, the Board decided that Volume 19 should initiate a new format. This has resulted from a policy change that now directs the editor to include materials previously contained in the Newsletter. The Second Vice President will continue to receive these news items from the chapters, prepare them for publication, and send them to me. In this instance, I am pleased to cite the highly professional …
Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward
News From The Chapters 1980-81, Robert M. Ward
News From The Chapters 1980-81, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
News from the Chapters 1980-81
Volume 20 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward
Volume 20 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
Volume 20 Complete Issue
Bending Traditions To Avoid Breaking The Rulesthe Arthur, Illinois Amish, Page Redmond
Bending Traditions To Avoid Breaking The Rulesthe Arthur, Illinois Amish, Page Redmond
The Geographical Bulletin
When the people of the Amish faith fled religious persecution in Europe and arrived in Pennsylvania about 1727, they came not to start a new life, but to preserve the old ways of living and farming.1 However, the reality of the outside has crept into their sheltered culture in the form of land shortages and higher prices for that land which does exist. These pressures, coupled with the all too constant awareness of the world outside their culture and its many changes and advances, have caused a weakening in some of the once strictly held traditions. From the outside, it …
Rural Development Versus Rural Preservation: Conflicting Usda Land Use Programs And Policies, Susan Oglesbee Burt
Rural Development Versus Rural Preservation: Conflicting Usda Land Use Programs And Policies, Susan Oglesbee Burt
The Geographical Bulletin
With the mounting cost of farm ownership and operation, and the rapid increase in urbanization, the issue of farmland preservation has come to the forefront in many states, counties, townships, and villages. These factors, combined with inflation, severe fluctuations in the economy, and restrictions in the use of natural resources, have brought about heightened concern on the part of farmers in recent years. Farmers and rural communities are seeking alternative ways to cope with these conditions. Sale of their land to the highest bidder is one option that often results in conversion of prime agricultural land to other uses. The …