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Articles 4351 - 4380 of 12349

Full-Text Articles in Geography

Orienting New International College Students During A Global Pandemic: Spatiality’S Contributions To Staff Work Practices, Thomas W. Teague Jr. Jan 2021

Orienting New International College Students During A Global Pandemic: Spatiality’S Contributions To Staff Work Practices, Thomas W. Teague Jr.

Theses and Dissertations--Educational Policy Studies and Evaluation

U.S. colleges must increasingly respond to a wide range of complex forces and simultaneously fulfill their missions and support students. To address many of these forces, some have turned to internationalization efforts like recruiting and enrolling international students. In light of these efforts, critics have called for institutions to better, more appropriately support these students, given their challenges and needs. This call has amplified during the recent COVID-19 global health pandemic.

Traditional student support services tend to center around Tinto’s Theory of Student Departure. Examples of support programming are frequently shared, yet rarely detail how institutional staff actually perform them …


Debtor Spaces: Austerity, Space, And Dispossession In Michigan’S Emergency Management System, Melissa Heil Jan 2021

Debtor Spaces: Austerity, Space, And Dispossession In Michigan’S Emergency Management System, Melissa Heil

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

In recent years, debt has become a major focus of geographic research as debt relations have become increasingly central to today’s financialized capitalist economy. This paper bridges two aspects of the debt literature: (1) the emergent literature on debt spatiality, which argues that space plays an active role in the creation and maintenance of debt relations, and (2) the broader literature examining processes of debt-driven dispossession (e.g., foreclosure, eviction, austerity, etc.). Recent literature in geography, led by Harker’s work on debt spaces, has argued that debt should not only be understood as a temporal relation (a promise of future labor) …


Volunteer Urban Environmental Stewardship, Emotional Economies Of Care, And Productive Power In Philadelphia, Alec Foster Jan 2021

Volunteer Urban Environmental Stewardship, Emotional Economies Of Care, And Productive Power In Philadelphia, Alec Foster

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

Recent efforts to increase urban forests and greenspaces rely on the volunteer labor of individuals and environmental nonprofits. The estimation of market values has often justified urban greening. These neoliberal approaches to urban environmental governance have been heavily critiqued, revealing the uneven power relationships and urban environments that result. This paper aims to move beyond such critiques by exploring how the reproduction of urban nature can be valued outside of the market. Fieldwork with volunteers participating in environmental stewardship in Philadelphia revealed their participation was motivated by intense emotional attachments to their neighborhoods, other participants, and nonhuman others, leading me …


Hmong In The Twin Cities: Diaspora Experiences And Personal Identities, Anisha Rajbhandary Jan 2021

Hmong In The Twin Cities: Diaspora Experiences And Personal Identities, Anisha Rajbhandary

Geography Honors Projects

Asian Americans as a whole have been portrayed as “model minorities” due to their higher degree of socioeconomic success compared to the average population. However, this “model minority” stereotype primarily based upon the voluntary immigration experiences of East and South Asians with greater socio-economic resources, hardly accounts for the immigration experiences of other Asian groups such as Hmong Americans. Utilizing extensive literature review, first person interviews and collected survey data, this paper explores Hmong diaspora and identity in the Twin Cities of Minnesota, analyzing how Hmong Americans reconcile with the stereotypes set for Asian “model minorities” and construct their own …


Beyond Biomass To Carbon Fluxes: Application And Evaluation Of A Comprehensive Forest Carbon Monitoring System, Yu Zhou, Christopher A. Williams, Natalia Hasler, Huan Gu, Robert Kennedy Jan 2021

Beyond Biomass To Carbon Fluxes: Application And Evaluation Of A Comprehensive Forest Carbon Monitoring System, Yu Zhou, Christopher A. Williams, Natalia Hasler, Huan Gu, Robert Kennedy

Geography

Accurate quantification of forest carbon stocks and fluxes over regions is needed to monitor forest resources as they respond to changes in climate, disturbance and management, and also to evaluate contributions of forest sector to the regional and global carbon balances. In previous work we introduced a national forest carbon monitoring system (NFCMS) that combines forest inventory data, satellite remote sensing of stand biomass and forest disturbances, and an ecosystem carbon cycle model to assess contemporary forest carbon dynamics at a 30 m resolution. In this study, we evaluate the NFCMS estimates of biomass and carbon fluxes with available data …


The Total Operating Characteristic From Stratified Random Sampling With An Application To Flood Mapping, Zhen Liu, Robert Gilmore Pontius Jan 2021

The Total Operating Characteristic From Stratified Random Sampling With An Application To Flood Mapping, Zhen Liu, Robert Gilmore Pontius

Geography

The Total Operating Characteristic (TOC) measures how the ranks of an index variable distinguish between presence and absence in a binary reference variable. Previous methods to generate the TOC required the reference data to derive from a census or a simple random sample. However, many researchers apply stratified random sampling to collect reference data because stratified random sampling is more efficient than simple random sampling for many applications. Our manuscript derives a new methodology that uses stratified random sampling to generate the TOC. An application to flood mapping illustrates how the TOC compares the abilities of three indices to diagnose …


Toward The Development Of Deep Learning Analyses For Snow Avalanche Releases In Mountain Regions, Yunzhi Chen, Wei Chen, Omid Rahmati, Fatemeh Falah, Dominik Kulakowski, Saro Lee, Fatemeh Rezaie, Mahdi Panahi, Aref Bahmani, Hamid Darabi, Ali Torabi Haghighi, Huiyuan Bian Jan 2021

Toward The Development Of Deep Learning Analyses For Snow Avalanche Releases In Mountain Regions, Yunzhi Chen, Wei Chen, Omid Rahmati, Fatemeh Falah, Dominik Kulakowski, Saro Lee, Fatemeh Rezaie, Mahdi Panahi, Aref Bahmani, Hamid Darabi, Ali Torabi Haghighi, Huiyuan Bian

Geography

Snow avalanches impose a considerable threat to infrastructure and human safety in snow bound mountain areas. Nevertheless, the spatial prediction of snow avalanches has received little research attention in many vulnerable parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. The present study investigates the applicability of a stand alone convolutional neural network (CNN) model, as a deep learning approach, along with two metaheuristic algorithms including grey wolf optimization (CNN-GWO) and imperialist competitive algorithm (CNN-ICA) in snow avalanche modelling in the Darvan watershed, Iran. The analysis was based on thirteen potential drivers of avalanche occurrence and an inventory map of previously …


Effects Of Bark Beetle Outbreaks On Forest Landscape Pattern In The Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., Kyle C. Rodman, Robert A. Andrus, Cori L. Butkiewicz, Teresa B. Chapman, Nathan S. Gill, Brian J. Harvey, Dominik Kulakowski, Niko J. Tutland, Thomas T. Veblen, Sarah J. Hart Jan 2021

Effects Of Bark Beetle Outbreaks On Forest Landscape Pattern In The Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., Kyle C. Rodman, Robert A. Andrus, Cori L. Butkiewicz, Teresa B. Chapman, Nathan S. Gill, Brian J. Harvey, Dominik Kulakowski, Niko J. Tutland, Thomas T. Veblen, Sarah J. Hart

Geography

Since the late 1990s, extensive outbreaks of native bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) have affected coniferous forests throughout Europe and North America, driving changes in carbon storage, wildlife habitat, nutrient cycling, and water resource provisioning. Remote sensing is a cru-cial tool for quantifying the effects of these disturbances across broad landscapes. In particular, Landsat time series (LTS) are increasingly used to characterize outbreak dynamics, including the presence and severity of bark beetle-caused tree mortality, though broad-scale LTS-based maps are rarely informed by detailed field validation. Here we used spatial and temporal information from LTS products, in combination with extensive field data …


The Atmospheric Carbon And Transport (Act)-America Mission, Kenneth J. Davis, Edward V. Browell, Sha Feng, Thomas Lauvaux, Michael D. Obland, Sandip Pal, Bianca C. Baier, David F. Baker, Ian T. Baker, Zachary R. Barkley, Kevin W. Bowman, Yu Yan Cui, A. Scott Denning, Joshua P. Digangi, Jeremy T. Dobler, Alan Fried, Tobias Gerken, Klaus Keller, Bing Lin, Amin R. Nehrir, Caroline P. Normile, Christopher W. O'Dell, Lesley E. Ott, Anke Roiger, Andrew E. Schuh, Colm Sweeney, Yaxing Wei, Brad Weir, Ming Xue, Christopher A. Williams Jan 2021

The Atmospheric Carbon And Transport (Act)-America Mission, Kenneth J. Davis, Edward V. Browell, Sha Feng, Thomas Lauvaux, Michael D. Obland, Sandip Pal, Bianca C. Baier, David F. Baker, Ian T. Baker, Zachary R. Barkley, Kevin W. Bowman, Yu Yan Cui, A. Scott Denning, Joshua P. Digangi, Jeremy T. Dobler, Alan Fried, Tobias Gerken, Klaus Keller, Bing Lin, Amin R. Nehrir, Caroline P. Normile, Christopher W. O'Dell, Lesley E. Ott, Anke Roiger, Andrew E. Schuh, Colm Sweeney, Yaxing Wei, Brad Weir, Ming Xue, Christopher A. Williams

Geography

The Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)-America NASA Earth Venture Suborbital Mission set out to improve regional atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) inversions by exploring the intersection of the strong GHG fluxes and vigorous atmospheric transport that occurs within the midlatitudes. Two research aircraft instrumented with remote and in situ sensors to measure GHG mole fractions, associated trace gases, and atmospheric state variables collected 1,140.7 flight hours of research data, distributed across 305 individual aircraft sorties, coordinated within 121 research flight days, and spanning five 6-week seasonal flight campaigns in the central and eastern United States. Flights sampled 31 synoptic sequences, including …


Atmospheric Carbon And Transport – America (Act-America) Data Sets: Description, Management, And Delivery, Y. Wei, R. Shrestha, S. Pal, T. Gerken, S. Feng, J. Mcnelis, D. Singh, M. M. Thornton, A. G. Boyer, M. A. Shook, G. Chen, B. C. Baier, Z. R. Barkley, J. D. Barrick, J. R. Bennett, E. V. Browell, J. F. Campbell, L. J. Campbell, Y. Choi, J. Collins, J. Dobler, M. Eckl, A. Fiehn, A. Fried, J. P. Digangi, R. Barton-Grimley, H. Halliday, T. Klausner, S. Kooi, J. Kostinek, T. Lauvaux, B. Lin, Christopher A. Williams Jan 2021

Atmospheric Carbon And Transport – America (Act-America) Data Sets: Description, Management, And Delivery, Y. Wei, R. Shrestha, S. Pal, T. Gerken, S. Feng, J. Mcnelis, D. Singh, M. M. Thornton, A. G. Boyer, M. A. Shook, G. Chen, B. C. Baier, Z. R. Barkley, J. D. Barrick, J. R. Bennett, E. V. Browell, J. F. Campbell, L. J. Campbell, Y. Choi, J. Collins, J. Dobler, M. Eckl, A. Fiehn, A. Fried, J. P. Digangi, R. Barton-Grimley, H. Halliday, T. Klausner, S. Kooi, J. Kostinek, T. Lauvaux, B. Lin, Christopher A. Williams

Geography

The ACT-America project is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital-2 mission designed to study the transport and fluxes of greenhouse gases. The open and freely available ACT-America data sets provide airborne in situ measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, trace gases, aerosols, clouds, and meteorological properties, airborne remote sensing measurements of aerosol backscatter, atmospheric boundary layer height and columnar content of atmospheric carbon dioxide, tower-based measurements, and modeled atmospheric mole fractions and regional carbon fluxes of greenhouse gases over the Central and Eastern United States. We conducted 121 research flights during five campaigns in four seasons during 2016–2019 over three regions …


Joint Co2 Mole Fraction And Flux Analysis Confirms Missing Processes In Casa Terrestrial Carbon Uptake Over North America, Sha Feng, Thomas Lauvaux, Christopher A. Williams, Kenneth J. Davis, Yu Zhou, Ian Baker, Zachary R. Barkley, Daniel Wesloh Jan 2021

Joint Co2 Mole Fraction And Flux Analysis Confirms Missing Processes In Casa Terrestrial Carbon Uptake Over North America, Sha Feng, Thomas Lauvaux, Christopher A. Williams, Kenneth J. Davis, Yu Zhou, Ian Baker, Zachary R. Barkley, Daniel Wesloh

Geography

Terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) play a key role in the detection and attribution of carbon cycle processes at local to global scales and in projections of the coupled carbon-climate system. TBM evaluation commonly involves direct comparison to eddy-covariance flux measurements. We use atmospheric CO2 mole fraction ([CO2]) measured in situ from aircraft and tower, in addition to flux-measurements from summer 2016 to evaluate the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach (CASA) TBM. WRF-Chem is used to simulate [CO2] using biogenic CO2 fluxes from a CASA parameter-based ensemble and CarbonTracker version 2017 (CT2017) in addition to transport and CO2 boundary condition ensembles. The resulting “super ensemble” …


Field-Scale Soil Moisture Bridges The Spatial-Scale Gap Between Drought Monitoring And Agricultural Yields, Noemi Vergopolan, Sitian Xiong, Lyndon Estes, Niko Wanders, Nathaniel W. Chaney, Eric F. Wood, Megan Konar, Kelly Caylor, Hylke E. Beck, Nicolas Gatti, Tom Evans, Justin Sheffield Jan 2021

Field-Scale Soil Moisture Bridges The Spatial-Scale Gap Between Drought Monitoring And Agricultural Yields, Noemi Vergopolan, Sitian Xiong, Lyndon Estes, Niko Wanders, Nathaniel W. Chaney, Eric F. Wood, Megan Konar, Kelly Caylor, Hylke E. Beck, Nicolas Gatti, Tom Evans, Justin Sheffield

Geography

Soil moisture is highly variable in space and time, and deficits (i.e., droughts) play an important role in modulating crop yields. Limited hydroclimate and yield data, however, hamper drought impact monitoring and assessment at the farm field scale. This study demonstrates the potential of using field-scale soil moisture simulations to support highresolution agricultural yield prediction and drought monitoring at the smallholder farm field scale. We present a multiscale modeling approach that combines HydroBlocks a physically based hyper-resolution land surface model (LSM) with machine learning. We used HydroBlocks to simulate root zone soil moisture and soil temperature in Zambia at 3 …


Reassessing The Ranging Behavior Of Black-And-White Ruffed Lemurs (Varecia Variegata) In Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar, Jelisa R. Oliveras Jan 2021

Reassessing The Ranging Behavior Of Black-And-White Ruffed Lemurs (Varecia Variegata) In Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar, Jelisa R. Oliveras

Dissertations and Theses

This study investigates black-and-white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata) space use and movement using autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE), a new methodology available from the continuous-time movement model (ctmm) package in R. Data were collected from 24 adults and subadults (10 males, 11 females, 3 subadult males) living in two adjacent V. variegata communities at Mangevo bush camp in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar (RNP) for 11 months (February – December 2008) to estimate annual and seasonal patterns of individual and community-level range use. Autocorrelated kernel density estimates generated in this study are compared to earlier kernel density estimates from …


Gentrification As An Institution Of Injustice: Understanding The Displacement Of Low-Income Families And Erasure Of Culture, Diana Hernandez Jan 2021

Gentrification As An Institution Of Injustice: Understanding The Displacement Of Low-Income Families And Erasure Of Culture, Diana Hernandez

CMC Senior Theses

In the last decade, gentrification has become a world-wide strategy for capital accumulation, but is one that disproportionately prioritizes corporate interests over community interests. Although often disguised as a form of urban revitalization, gentrification economic renewals lead to higher rent prices that consequently pushes poor communities out of their home and makes urban spaces geared towards affluent middle-class families only. Gentrification is not a natural phenomenon, but is instead a man-made project that is rooted in capitalism and neoliberal understanding of the market economy. This paper explores the roots of creating profit by means of privatization, especially when discussing housing. …


Geoprivacy, Convenience, And The Pursuit Of Anonymity In Digital Cities, Jerome Dobson, William A. Herbert Jan 2021

Geoprivacy, Convenience, And The Pursuit Of Anonymity In Digital Cities, Jerome Dobson, William A. Herbert

Publications and Research

Cities demand spatial efficiencies that can be achieved only through sharing of information. Current technologies support collection, processing, and dissemination of unprecedented quantities of personal, public, and corporate information. Inherent in this milieu is an inevitable contest among societal efficiency, corporate profits, consumer convenience, personal privacy, and even freedom. The authors examine current trends in technology, data collection, legislation, and public acceptance. They find that without broad specific regulations limiting location data collection and use—including a universal protected right for individuals to pursue anonymity—governments, commercial enterprises, employers, and individuals increasingly will exploit tracking technologies at the expense of geoprivacy.


Remote Sensing Applications In Population Estimation, Regression Analysis, And Urban Growth Simulation Modeling For A Middle Eastern City, Elaf Amer Alyasiri Jan 2021

Remote Sensing Applications In Population Estimation, Regression Analysis, And Urban Growth Simulation Modeling For A Middle Eastern City, Elaf Amer Alyasiri

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Due to a change in government regime and population migration, the City of Hillah in Iraq has been facing several urban issues, particularly population estimating and urban growth planning. Since the last census conducted in 1997, population in Iraq has been estimated based on the annual growth, without considering migration as factor of the population growth. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation study was to develop a population estimation method and an urban growth simulation method for the City of Hillah. Population data were estimated for Hillah, using the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) derived from Remote Sensing (RS) and …


Sea Level Rise Impacts On The City Of Cape Coral, Southwest Florida From 2020 To 2050, Jawata Afnan Saba Jan 2021

Sea Level Rise Impacts On The City Of Cape Coral, Southwest Florida From 2020 To 2050, Jawata Afnan Saba

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sea level rise, a consequence of global climate change, has been affecting the U.S. coasts with flooding and exacerbated storm surges. Florida is highly vulnerable because it has low-lying topography and coastlines on both the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. The City of Cape Coral, Southwest Florida, is known as a ‘waterfront wonderland’ with 400 miles of canals that provide waterfront property to the residents. Most of the canals are navigable, and many have access to the Gulf of Mexico. The city is vulnerable to sea level rise because of its canals, site between the Matlacha Pass and …


O Espaço E O Tempo Do Valor, David Harvey, Artur Renzo Jan 2021

O Espaço E O Tempo Do Valor, David Harvey, Artur Renzo

Publications and Research

O artigo discute a lei do valor em Karl Marx como valor em movimento, que se faz valer no espaço e no tempo. Entende-se que o movimento não pode ocorrer no vácuo, sendo necessário abandonar a visão do valor que se move sem estar ancorado em nenhum lugar e passar a enxergá-lo criando geografias de cidades e redes de transportes; formando paisagens agrícolas para a produção de alimentos e matérias-primas; englobando fluxos de pessoas, bens e informações; determinando configurações territoriais de valores fundiários e habilidades de trabalho; organizando espaços de trabalho, estruturas de governo e administração. Conclui-se que há três …


A "Warm" Or "Cold" Early Mars: Evidence From Valley Networks, Xuezhi Cang Jan 2021

A "Warm" Or "Cold" Early Mars: Evidence From Valley Networks, Xuezhi Cang

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Although Mars is cold and dry today, many lines of evidence suggest that ancient Mars had large amount of water and surface fluvial processes. However, climate modelers have encountered difficulties in modeling such early warm and wet conditions with an above freezing temperature, mainly due to the Martian orbit being further away from the Sun and the faintness of the young Sun. The main purpose of this dissertation is to test the ancient Martian climate hypotheses by investigating the spatial pattern of valley network (VN) properties that can survive post-formational modification (i.e., the robust characteristics) and by analogizing the Earth …


Views From The Retail Apocalypse: Store Closures, Spatial Accessibility, And Last Mile Delivery Via Drone, Joseph Tokosh Jan 2021

Views From The Retail Apocalypse: Store Closures, Spatial Accessibility, And Last Mile Delivery Via Drone, Joseph Tokosh

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines important activity occurring in the retail industry related to the widespread transformation occurring throughout it. Specifically, it analyzes store closures, spatial accessibility’s role in retail decision making, and the potential market that could be served by a drone delivery system. Store closures of the movie rental chain Family Video, and three department store chains (Macy’s, Sears, and JCPenney) are analyzed through a binary logistic regression. Findings show that the contributory impact of variables toward store closures are different for small businesses like Family Video compared to the large scale department stores. Some of the major differences include …


Operationalizing Resilience: Co-Creating A Framework To Monitor Hard, Natural, And Nature-Based Shoreline Features In New York State, Katinka Wijsman, D. S. Novem Auyeung, Pippa Brashear, Brett F. Branco, Joseph H. Graziano, Kathryn Graziano, Peter M. Groffman, Helen Cheng, Dylan Corbett Jan 2021

Operationalizing Resilience: Co-Creating A Framework To Monitor Hard, Natural, And Nature-Based Shoreline Features In New York State, Katinka Wijsman, D. S. Novem Auyeung, Pippa Brashear, Brett F. Branco, Joseph H. Graziano, Kathryn Graziano, Peter M. Groffman, Helen Cheng, Dylan Corbett

Advanced Science Research Center

There is growing interest in the application of nature-based solutions to adapt to climate change and promote resilience, yet barriers exist to their implementation. These include a perceived lack of evidence of their functioning in comparison to conventional solutions and an inability for existing design, policy, and assessment processes to capture the multiple benefits of these solutions. Positing this as a challenge of operationalizing and measuring resilience, we argue that the concept of resilience needs to be given concrete meaning in applied management contexts. Starting with shoreline vulnerability as a policy problem and natural and nature-based shoreline features as a …


Transboundary Marine Management In The Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape, Lindsey G. Ellett Jan 2021

Transboundary Marine Management In The Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape, Lindsey G. Ellett

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Transboundary conservation aims to facilitate environmental conservation and management at the ecosystem level by operating across political boundaries, through the cooperation of two or more countries. Though there is increased interest and advocation for transboundary conservation initiatives around the world, there remains a limited understanding of how they function on-the-ground. Within this study, I address these gaps in knowledge through two phases of research, both focusing on the Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape as a case study site. Phase I involved a policy analysis of Indonesian, Malaysia, and Philippine policies related to fisheries, coastal zones and protected areas, and environmental quality. Through this …


On The Acceptance Of Urban Beavers In Martinez, California, Zane A. Eddy Jan 2021

On The Acceptance Of Urban Beavers In Martinez, California, Zane A. Eddy

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

As ecosystem engineers, beavers construct complex riparian and wetland habitats that benefit many other species, including endangered salmonids. Through their landscape alterations, beavers also promote increased groundwater recharge and provide refugia during wildfires and high flow events by impounding water and allowing it to spread across the landscape. Prior to the North American colonial fur trapping campaigns, there were between 60 and 400 million beavers in North America. By the beginning of the 20th century, beavers were extirpated from many parts of the continent, however through human efforts, their population has since rebounded to between 10 and 15 million. The …


Geospatially-Intelligent Three-Dimensional Multivariate Methods For Multiscale Dasymetric Mapping Of Urban Population: Application And Performance In The Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area, Nikolay Golosov Jan 2021

Geospatially-Intelligent Three-Dimensional Multivariate Methods For Multiscale Dasymetric Mapping Of Urban Population: Application And Performance In The Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area, Nikolay Golosov

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The wide availability of remote sensing data, the development of computer technology, and the accessibility of census data in the digital form created new opportunities for highly accurate population estimates. Of particular scientific interest is the method of dasymetric mapping, which can significantly improve the spatial accuracy of mapping socio-demographic processes. In addition to population density, the method has considerable potential in mapping the distribution of other social, economic and demographic variables, such as income level, crime, ethnicity, etc. Another significant gap in the existing studies is the development of three-dimensional dasymetric mapping methods.

This study is focused on developing …


การวิเคราะห์ศักยภาพในการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์บนหลังคาโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีภูมิสารสนเทศ, เปรมใจ ซิบเข Jan 2021

การวิเคราะห์ศักยภาพในการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์บนหลังคาโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีภูมิสารสนเทศ, เปรมใจ ซิบเข

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ความต้องการใช้พลังงานไฟฟ้าในประเทศไทยมีแนวโน้มที่เพิ่มขึ้น แต่เชื้อเพลิงที่ใช้เพื่อผลิตไฟฟ้าในประเทศส่วนมากยังเป็นเชื้อเพลิงจากทรัพยากรที่ใช้แล้วหมดไปซึ่งสร้างมลภาวะทางสิ่งแวดล้อม และส่งผลเสียต่อสุขภาพของมนุษย์ ประกอบกับแนวโน้มการลดลงของต้นทุนระบบผลิตไฟฟ้าจากพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ ทำให้การใช้พลังงานแสงอาทิตย์เพื่อผลิตไฟฟ้าได้รับความนิยมในปัจจุบัน งานวิจัยนี้จึงมีจุดประสงค์เพื่อพัฒนาฐานข้อมูลหลังคาอาคารเพื่อการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ วิเคราะห์ศักยภาพของพื้นที่สำหรับการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์บนหลังคาด้วยปัจจัยทางกายภาพและปัจจัยทางเทคนิคโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีภูมิสารสนเทศ และพัฒนาเว็บแอปพลิเคชันแสดงปริมาณพลังงานไฟฟ้าที่ผลิตได้และระดับศักยภาพของพื้นที่ มีพื้นที่ศึกษาอยู่ที่ ตำบลท่าอิฐ อำเภอปากเกร็ด จังหวัดนนทบุรี การพัฒนาฐานข้อมูลหลังคาอาคารใช้การจำแนกขอบเขตหลังคาด้วยเทคนิควิธีการเรียนรู้เชิงลึก (Deep Learning) โดยสร้างแบบจำลองเพื่อวาดขอบเขตหลังคาอาคารโดยใช้ข้อมูลจากภาพถ่ายจากดาวเทียม WorldView-3 จากนั้นจึงนำฐานข้อมูลไปใช้วิเคราะห์พลังงานไฟฟ้าที่ผลิตได้ และศักยภาพของพื้นที่ในการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า พื้นที่หลังคาทั้งหมดในพื้นที่ศึกษามีขนาดรวม 749,563.23 ตารางเมตร สามารถคำนวณค่าพลังงานไฟฟ้าที่ผลิตจากแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์บนหลังคาได้ 86.14 กิกะวัตต์-ชั่วโมงต่อปี หมู่บ้านที่มีระดับศักยภาพในการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ในระดับสูง ได้แก่ บ้านคลองชมพู่ และบ้านลาดสิงห์ ซึ่งมีศักยภาพในการผลิตไฟฟ้าได้จากแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ได้มากกว่า 20 กิกะวัตต์-ชั่วโมงต่อปี ผลการวิจัยนี้สามารถประยุกต์ใช้เพื่อแนวทางในการพัฒนาฐานข้อมูล การประมาณค่าพลังงาน และศักยภาพในการติดตั้งแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ในพื้นที่อื่นได้


การประเมินผลกระทบของน้ำท่วมฉับพลันต่อภาคการท่องเที่ยว: กรณีศึกษาจังหวัดน่าน, จุติมา สุตตเขตต์ Jan 2021

การประเมินผลกระทบของน้ำท่วมฉับพลันต่อภาคการท่องเที่ยว: กรณีศึกษาจังหวัดน่าน, จุติมา สุตตเขตต์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

น้ำท่วมฉับพลันเป็นภัยธรรมชาติที่เกิดขึ้นทุกปีในประเทศไทยโดยเฉพาะจังหวัดน่าน ผลกระทบจากภัยดังกล่าวสร้างความเสียหายต่อชีวิตและทรัพย์สินของประชาชนในหลายภาคส่วน รวมถึงภาคการท่องเที่ยว ซึ่งเป็นภาคส่วนที่สร้างรายได้จำนวนมากให้กับจังหวัด เพราะน่านมีทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและวัฒนธรรมอันมีค่า อย่างไรก็ตามทรัพยากรดังกล่าวมีความอ่อนไหวต่อปัญหาน้ำท่วมฉับพลันซึ่งไม่สามารถหลีกเลี่ยงได้ งานวิจัยนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อประเมินพื้นที่เสี่ยงต่อการเกิดน้ำท่วมฉับพลันในจังหวัดน่านโดยใช้แบบจำลองดัชนีชี้วัดศักยภาพการเกิดน้ำท่วมฉับพลัน (Flash Flood Potential Index) และการสร้างแบบจำลองประเมินผลกระทบต่อภาคการท่องเที่ยวโดยมีองค์ประกอบของภาคส่วนการท่องเที่ยวที่มีผลต่อความอ่อนไหวของน้ำท่วม นำมาวิเคราะห์บนระบบสารสนเทศภูมิศาสตร์ ผลการวิเคราะห์ พบว่า พื้นที่ส่วนใหญ่ที่มีความอ่อนไหวต่อการเกิดน้ำท่วมฉับพลันเป็นพื้นที่ทางตอนเหนือของจังหวัดน่าน คือ อำเภอสองแคว อำเภอบ่อเกลือ อำเภอปัว และอำเภอทุ่งช้าง รวมถึงอำเภอเมืองน่าน ซึ่งเป็นพื้นที่ที่มีความลาดชันมาก และเป็นบริเวณที่มีปริมาณน้ำฝนเฉลี่ยรายปีสูงกว่าบริเวณอื่น ในส่วนผลการศึกษาด้านการประเมินผลกระทบของการเกิดน้ำท่วมฉับพลันต่อภาคการท่องเที่ยวในจังหวัดน่าน พบว่า พื้นที่ที่มีโอกาสได้รับผลกระทบมากที่สุด ได้แก่ ตำบลดู่ใต้ ตำบลไชยสถาน ตำบลผาสิงห์ ตำบลในเวียง อำเภอเมืองน่าน ตำบลม่วงตึ๊ด ตำบลฝายแก้วในอำเภอภูเพียง และ ตำบลปัว อำเภอปัว เนื่องจากมีแหล่งท่องเที่ยวสำคัญและที่พักจำนวนมาก ผลที่ได้จากการวิจัยนี้ สามารถเป็นแนวทางให้กับหลายภาคส่วนในการวางแผนเพื่อการเตือนภัย ลดความเสียหายจากภัยพิบัติ และป้องกันความเสียหายอันอาจจะเกิดกับแหล่งท่องเที่ยวและธุรกิจที่เกี่ยวเนื่อง


การหยั่งความลึกน้ำทะเลจากการรับรู้ระยะไกลในอ่าวไทยด้วยภาพถ่ายดาวเทียมแลนด์แซท 8, ชนัตถพงศ์ เสืองามเอี่ยม Jan 2021

การหยั่งความลึกน้ำทะเลจากการรับรู้ระยะไกลในอ่าวไทยด้วยภาพถ่ายดาวเทียมแลนด์แซท 8, ชนัตถพงศ์ เสืองามเอี่ยม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การสำรวจแผนที่ทะเลของประเทศไทยในปัจจุบันมีข้อจำกัดด้านทรัพยากรที่ใช้ในการสำรวจและด้านบุคลากร ทำให้ไม่สามารถสำรวจปรับปรุงแผนที่ทะเลให้มีความทันสมัยและครอบคลุมทั่วประเทศ จึงมีความจำเป็นในการหาเครื่องมือหรือวิธีการในการช่วยหาความลึกน้ำทะเลที่ให้ค่าความถูกต้องของความลึก ประหยัด และรวดเร็วในการสำรวจ งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อประยุกต์ใช้ภาพถ่ายดาวเทียม Landsat 8 ในการวิเคราะห์หาค่าความลึกน้ำทะเลในอ่าวไทย จำนวน 3 พื้นที่ ซึ่งอ้างอิงขอบเขตตาม แผนที่เดินเรือ ได้แก่ พื้นที่อ่าวไทยรูปตัว ก (ทางเข้าแม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) พื้นที่อ่าวไทยฝั่งตะวันออก (เกาะสะบ้า ถึง เกาะจิกนอก) และพื้นที่อ่าวไทยฝั่งตะวันตก (อ่าวชุมพร) ด้วยเทคนิคการสร้างแผนที่ความลึกน้ำทะเลด้วยวิธี Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) ร่วมกับแบบจำลองอัตราส่วนช่วงคลื่น (Log-Band Ratio Method) เพื่อให้ได้ความลึกน้ำทะเลที่มีความแม่นยำสูงเมื่อเทียบฐานข้อมูลแผนที่เดินเรือจากการสำรวจด้วยวิธีการหยั่งน้ำด้วยเสียงแบบลำคลื่นเดียว ผลวิจัยพบว่าค่าความลึกน้ำทะเลจากภาพถ่ายดาวเทียมช่วงระดับความลึก 0 – 15 เมตร ในพื้นที่อ่าวไทยรูปตัว ก พื้นที่อ่าวไทยฝั่งตะวันออก และพื้นที่อ่าวไทยฝั่งตะวันตก มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ตัวกำหนด (R2) เท่ากับ 0.8621, 0.9130 และ 0.9304 ตามลำดับ ผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่าการหยั่งความลึกน้ำทะเลด้วยวิธีการ SDB ร่วมกับแบบจำลองอัตราส่วนช่วงคลื่นในทะเลอ่าวไทยทั้ง 3 พื้นที่ กับความลึกน้ำสำรวจด้วยวิธีการหยั่งน้ำด้วยเสียงแบบลำคลื่นเดียวมีความสอดคล้องกันสูงโดยเฉพาะพื้นที่อ่าวไทยฝั่งตะวันตก ดังนั้นวิธีการ SDB ร่วมกับแบบจำลองอัตราส่วนช่วงคลื่นจึงสามารถใช้เป็นเครื่องมือหรือวิธีการทางเลือกในการสนับสนุนการสำรวจแผนที่อุทกศาสตร์ในพื้นที่ที่ต้องการทราบค่าความลึกในช่วงความลึกน้ำไม่เกิน 15 เมตร โดยเฉพาะพื้นที่น้ำตื้นหรือชายฝั่งทะเลที่มีข้อมูลอุทกศาสตร์อยู่เพียงเล็กน้อยหรือไม่มีเลยได้เป็นอย่างดี


Enhancing Harvester Safety And Traditional Food Access Through Participatory Mapping With The Ka’A’Gee Tu First Nation Of Kakisa, Northwest Territories, Neomi Jayaratne Jan 2021

Enhancing Harvester Safety And Traditional Food Access Through Participatory Mapping With The Ka’A’Gee Tu First Nation Of Kakisa, Northwest Territories, Neomi Jayaratne

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Northern Canada has struggled with various systemic challenges based on Eurocentric ideologies, policies, and practices. A major challenge Indigenous communities face North of the 60th parallel is their food security and sovereignty. Inuit, First Nation and Métis populations across the North experience 5 to 6 times higher levels of food insecurity compared to the National average (Food Secure Canada, 2020). These communities face concentrated levels of food system issues, which connect to other factors, such as, health and wellness, the supply chain of market foods, governance, a shift away from traditional foods, and the impacts of climate change. Climate …


Gis And Remote Sensing Groundwater Potentiality Investigation Of Gulu District, Uganda Using Synthetic Aperture Radar And Magnetic Geophysics, Rachel Ann Jones Jan 2021

Gis And Remote Sensing Groundwater Potentiality Investigation Of Gulu District, Uganda Using Synthetic Aperture Radar And Magnetic Geophysics, Rachel Ann Jones

Doctoral Dissertations

“Developing countries have few resources for ground-based hydrological investigations to determine optimal placement of boreholes for community water access. Remote sensing data are available at a variety of resolutions and sense different parameters, and are useful inputs for hydrologic models, but these data are rarely obtainable in developing countries with the parameters or resolutions necessary for hydrologic applications. This research seeks to use and improve existing remote sensing and GIS techniques to identify areas of optimal water supply in locations with limited geologic or hydrologic information, such as Gulu District, Uganda. Fusing different remotely sensed data sets can produce higher …


Human Centeredness: The Foundation For Leadership-As-Practice In Complex Local/Regional Food Networks, Maryann Martinez Jan 2021

Human Centeredness: The Foundation For Leadership-As-Practice In Complex Local/Regional Food Networks, Maryann Martinez

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Our local and regional food systems are predominately modeled on a failed capitalist market-based economy. In the absence of corporate accountability, and/or support on the federal policy level, local and regional leadership and self-organized networks are critical to the scaling across and evolution of a moral and equitable food system. Networked food systems leaders are developing the capacity to solve wicked problems, and spark change. Understanding the values and practices of local food systems leadership that initiate, influence, and support activities is essential to understanding how to foster conditions for local and regional food network growth. My dissertation research is …