Environmental Studies Commons^™

Quality Of Wastewater From Creaming Process Of Skim Natural Rubber Later Using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Jurairat Nitayapat, Surapich Loykulnant, Puttaruksa Varanusupakul

Applied Environmental Research

In this study, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was used instead of concentrated sulfuric acid in the creaming process of skim natural rubber latex. In comparison to the process using concentrated sulfuric acid, the effluent acidity and sulfate ion were significantly lower but biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were slightly higher. In overall, the pollution of the effluent from creaming process was reduced using recovered HPMC process In the effect of hydraulic retention time. In contrast, BOD and COD were increased. However, the high value of BOD and COD was valuable for wastewater treatment by anaerobic process.

Solidification Of Oyster Shells Used As Cadmium Ion Removal Material With Portland Cement, Chayapat Tabtong

Applied Environmental Research

This research investigated the soiJdification of oyster shell (Crassostre commercialis) used as Cd2+ removal material with Portland cement by varying the oyster shell/Portland cement ratio and curing time. Leachability of Cd2+ was determined with Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The expel trnental result demonstrated that the optimum condition for oyster shell/Portland cement ratio was 4. After curing time for 7 d, densities of solidified oyster shell (OS-A) as well as bu rn ed oyster shell (OS-B) were 1.87 and 2.15 ton m-3, respectively. Unconfined compressive strength of solidified OS-A and OS-B were 69.7 and 134.5 kg cm-2, respectively Cd2+ in …

Adsorption Of Lead Ions From Synthetic Wastewater Using Oyster Shell, Chayapat Tabtong, Sinsupha Juijuljerm

Applied Environmental Research

The obJective of this work was to study the adsorption ability of various Pb+ ion concentrations by oyster shell (Crassostre commercialis) Oyster shells were prepared by 2 different methods. For the first method, oyster shell was washed with distilled water, dried in the oven at 105°C then, crushed and sieved to particle size of 75-106 \inline \mum in diameter. This was called OS-A For the second method. oyster shell was crushed and burnt in furnace at 850°C for 2 h, then, sieved to particle size 75-106 \inline \mum in diameter. This was called OS-B. The results of the adsorption experiment …

Women For A Peaceful Christmas: Wisconsin Homemakers Seek To Remake American Culture, Nancy Unger

History

In the autumn of 1971, sixteen Madison homemakers, including Nan Cheney and Sharon Stein, began "Women for a Peaceful Christmas" (WPC), a unique attempt to do nothing less than remake American culture. Under the slogan "No More Shopping Days 'Til Peace," WPC organized ostensibly powerless homemakers into a "quiet revolt against 'an economy which thrives on war and the destruction of our earth's resources.'' WPC urged the public (especially women, the sex that did the vast bulk of holiday shopping) to take economic, political, and environmental matters into their own hands. "If you don't want your Christmas celebrations to be …

The Tadpole Of Hypsiboas Atlanticus (Anura, Hylidae) From Northeastern Brazil, Filipe A. C. Do Nascimento, Marcelo G. De Lima, Gabriel O. Skuk, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

The tadpole of Hypsiboas atlanticus (Caramaschi & Velosa, 1996) is described from the municipality of Maceió, State of Alagoas, Brazil. At stage 36 the larvae have an overall elliptical body in lateral and dorsal views, oral disc anteroventral, spiracular tube sinistral, and labial tooth row formula 2(1,2)/3(1). The oral disc is surrounded, almost completely (anterior medial gap present) by a single row of marginal papillae. Described tadpoles of the H. punctatus species group can be differentiated by a combined disc oral features. Additional descriptions of H. punctatus (Schneider, 1799) tadpoles from populations throughout South America may be helpful in determining …

Environmental Politics In Paradise: Resistance To The Selling Of Vieques, Sherrie Baver

Publications and Research

The most notable instance of a massive and successful social protest in Puerto Rico in recent years has been on the island of Vieques between 1999 and 2003. This was a rare case in which Puerto Ricans were able to overcome their partisan divisions to end the U.S. Navy's 60 years of training on this small, 51- square-mile island off the main island's east coast. Part of the reason for the Vieques victory, including gaining support from some influential U.S. politicians, was that leaders framed the protest in terms of human rights, public health and environmental degradation rather than Yanqui …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 10 2009, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Nepa And The Dynamics Of Public Participation In The Environmental Review Process: An Analysis Of The Northmet (Polymet) Mining Project Near Hoyt Lakes Minnesota, Amber Neumann

Political Science Theses and Capstones

Hypothesis: That comments collected from agency “experts” during the scoping phase of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process would be disproportionately represented as changes in subsequent drafts of NorthMet’s Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).

Methods: Tabular analysis of data collected from the Minnesota DNR publication of Response to the Public Scoping Projects PolyMet Mining Inc.; NorthMet Project. 2005

Results: There is an excellent cross section of comment sources represented in changes to subsequent drafts of NorthMet’s EIS. A lot of overlap exists between various types of participants and their concerns, resulting in many of the successful comments stemming from …

A Baseline Greenhouse Gas Inventory For Oberlin: Stepping Up To The Challenge Of Climate Neutrality, Nathaniel Flaschner Meyer

Honors Papers

The City of Oberlin joined the International Council for Leadership in Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) in 2007, committing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through ICLEI's five-milestone process. As the first official step in this process, I conducted greenhouse gas inventories for the years 2001 and 2007 for community-wide and municipal operations emissions. I found that the community emitted 174,400 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2007, more than half of which was associated with the consumption of coal-intensive electricity. This amounts to 20.9 tons CO2e per resident annually. Of the community's overall emissions, the commercial sector, including all Oberlin College properties, …

Private Sector Development In Xinjiang, China: A Comparison Between Uyghur And Han, Tyler Harlan

Sociology Faculty Works

Private sector development has been sluggish in China's west, where ethnic minorities make up a sizeable part of the population. In the northwest Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the state maintains a steady presence in the small but growing private sector, largely populated by Han-owned firms and entrepreneurs. The Uyghurs, one of fourteen recognised ethnic minorities in Xinjiang, primarily reside in the poorer agricultural south where the private sector has made few inroads. Not surprisingly, Uyghurs have little presence in the private sector beyond informal trade. This has considerable implications for ethnic relations in a region already threatened by rising Uyghur-Han …

Warming Of The Antarctic Ice-Sheet Surface Since The 1957 International Geophysical Year, Eric J. Steig, David P. Schneider, Scott Rutherford, Michael E. E. Mann, Josefino C. Comiso, Drew T. Shindell

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

Assessments of Antarctic temperature change have emphasized the contrast between strong warming of the Antarctic Peninsula and slight cooling of the Antarctic continental interior in recent decades. This pattern of temperature change has been attributed to the increased strength of the circumpolar westerlies, largely in response to changes in stratospheric ozone. This picture, however, is substantially incomplete owing to the sparseness and short duration of the observations. Here we show that significant warming extends well beyond the Antarctic Peninsula to cover most of West Antarctica, an area of warming much larger than previously reported. West Antarctic warming exceeds 0.1 °C …

Health And The Nature Of Urban Green Spaces, May Elizabeth Carter

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Recognition that city-dwelling people can benefit from contact with nature is not new. The urban open air movement of the 19th century advised retention of greenways and development of urban parks and gardens to stop disease spread through lack of fresh air, poor sanitation and overcrowding. Now, in the early 21st century, urban green spaces are under threat from inner city infill projects and clearing of remnant vegetation to accommodate suburban sprawl.

While much literature discusses positive health benefits of contact with nature, few studies explore explicit pathways between urban green space and health, despite mounting concern that disassociation between …

Behavior Of Antibiotics In The Environment, Maliwan Boonsaner

Applied Environmental Research

Antibiotics have been used to treat human disease and to be given to livestock for disease prevention and growth promotion. Because of their large amount and widely uses, the antibiotics were found in various phases of the environment such as manure, sewage, sludge, surface water, soil, livestock and aquatic animal. The antibiotic could enter the environment and degrade in some extents depending on its physicochemical properties and the environmental conditions. Although. its existing in small amount could not cause any lethal effect but previous studies have shown the resistance effect might occur and disturb the microbial ecosystem.

Evaluation Of Water Resources Situation In Lam Ta Kong Watershed, Saowanee Wijitkosum, Thavivongse Sriburi

Applied Environmental Research

Lam Ta Kong Watershed, a sub-basin of Mun Basin, has had a high economical growing rate. Along with that comes a growing demand for water and there was only one source of water, the Lam Ta Kong Reservoir, to support all activities within the watershed. As a result, the Lam Ta Kong Watershed has had a long history of water shortage and it might cause another water conflict in the future. This research aimed to analyze the water scarcity among the different sectors in the Lam Ta Kong Watershed which was subject to the economic and spatial development plan of …

Effect Of Fish Cage Culture On Water Quality: A Case Study Of Chi River And Yang River, Roi Et Province, Prachyanee Triyuang, Somkiat Piyatiratitivorakul, Thavivongse Sriburi

Applied Environmental Research

This study was aimed to determine effect of fish cage culture on water quality of Chi River and Yang River in Roi Et Province. The water samples were collected from each river; at the fish cages, 500 m upstream and 500 m downstream adjacent to the cages. The samples were collected during different seasons of the year; April 2007, July 2007, October 2007 and January epresenting the hot. early rainy, fate rainy and cool2008, seasons, respectively. Physiochemical properties of the water were analyzed either in the field instantly or in the laboratory afterward. The results showed that comparing between Chi …

Cookie Monsters: Seeing Young People’S Hacking As Creative Practice, Gregory T. Donovan, Cindi Katz

Publications and Research

This paper examines the benefits and obstacles to young people’s open-ended and unrestricted access to technological environments. While children and youth are frequently seen as threatened or threatening in this realm, their playful engagements suggest that they are self-possessed social actors, able to negotiate most of its challenges effectively. Whether it is proprietary software, the business practices of some technology providers, or the separation of play, work, and learning in most classrooms, the spatial-temporality of young people’s access to and use of technology is often configured to restrict their freedom of choice and behavior. We focus on these issues through …

Effective Implementation Of Emission Control Area Towards Cleaner Shipping Operations : Focusing On Sulphur Oxides (Sox) Emission Reducation, Fajar Nugraha

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Protecting Marine Biodiversity In The South Eastern Pacific Ocean, Javier P. Gonzalez

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Geography And Capacity Of Alternative Fuel Production 1999 - 2006: The Case Of Solar And Wind, James Pace

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Access to reliable, low cost energy production is key to the wellbeing of our economy, standard ofliving, and national security. As the cost of energy from conventional resources has increased, efforts have started to convert to alternative, renewable sources of energy production. Currently, wind and solar technologies are the best options for an alternative source of energy. Data on wind and solar energy resources, the availability of incentives, and the existence of renewable portfolio standards (RPS) were used to determine the most plausible influencing factors of wind and solar energy production. Maps generated from these data point to a relationship …

Utah Off-Highway Vehicle Owners' Specialization And Its Relationship To Environmental Attitudes And Motivations, Jordan W. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) use has grown enormously on Utah’s public lands and is one of the most contentious and difficult issues for federal, state, and local land management agencies to address and provide for. Despite OHV use’s meteoric rise in popularity and its ongoing public conflicts, little is known about OHV recreationists. This thesis develops a typology that identifies within-activity differences related to recreation specialization; it also determines differences in OHV owners’ environmental attitudes and motivations. Findings show Utah’s owners comprise a range of use along the recreation specialization continuum. Results also indicate that an OHV owners’ specialization level is …

An Emerging Triangle: Climate Change, Migration And Human Rights: The Case Of New Zealand,Tuvalu And Kiribati, Sarah Stefanos

Archived Theses and Dissertations

Three important global issues - climate change, migration, and human rights- form an emerging triangle because of their interrelatedness. However, critical analysis of the relationship between these three issues apart from an as yet legally meaningless discourse about an imminent global catastrophe of 250 million 'climate refugees' has been limited. This paper examines the climate change, migration, and human rights triangle through the lens of the Pacific, where some of the states most severely threatened by climate change can be found. Extremely small Pacific states whose inhabitants have lived on coral reef islands (called atolls) for more than 2000 years, …

Finding A "Disappearing" Nontimber Forest Resource: Using Grounded Visualization To Explore Urbanization Impacts On Sweetgrass Basketmaking In Greater Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina, Patrick T. Hurley, Angela C. Halfacre, Norm S. Levine, Marianne K. Burke

Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

Despite growing interest in urbanization and its social and ecological impacts on formerly rural areas, empirical research remains limited. Extant studies largely focus either on issues of social exclusion and enclosure or ecological change. This article uses the case of sweetgrass basketmaking in Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina, to explore the implications of urbanization, including gentrification, for the distribution and accessibility of sweetgrass, an economically important nontimber forest product (NTFP) for historically African American communities, in this rapidly growing area. We explore the usefulness of grounded visualization for research efforts that are examining the existence of "fringe ecologies" associated with NTFP. …

The Role Of Gender In Environmental Justice, Nancy Unger

History

Environmental Justice incorporates an inclusive definition of its subject matter, exploring the environmental burdens impacting all marginalized populations and communities. This expansive definition allows for the possibility that populations conventionally viewed as privileged can nevertheless be marginalized and suffer uniquely from environmental injustices. Employing such a definition can also reveal how an ostensibly powerless group can fight for environmental justice on its own terms—and win. Gender has played an important role in environmental justice (and injustice) throughout the history of the United States. Excerpts from my current book project, Beyond “Nature’s Housekeepers”: Gendered Turning Points for American Women in Environmental …

Geoarchaeological And Paleolandscape Reconstructions In The Lower Ohio River Valley: Late Wisconsin And Early Holocene Landforms In Knob Creek Bottom, Nathan Christopher Scholl

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines a paleolandscape model that focuses on alluvial landforms that date to the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in Knob Creek bottom of the lower Ohio River valley. The study tests and refines a landscape model based on geoarchaeological data from the Caesars Archaeological Project. Analysis centers on the relationship between late Wisconsin and early Holocene Landform Sediment Assemblages (LSA), including early paleochannels. For this analysis a series of soil cores was extracted from the LSA understudy and described using standard USDA terminology. Additional analysis included particle size analysis using a hydrometer to determine textural composition of core …

Reference Dependence In Iterative Choices, W. Kip Viscusi, Joel Huber, Jason Bell

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Valuation of goods often proceeds from a series of hypothetical pairwise choices. We examine reference dependence on the outcome of such evaluations in a large-scale study in which respondents make a series of choices between areas that differ on cost of living and the quality of lakes and rivers. We uncover three substantial reference effects. First, we find that respondents’ choices are altered by being told the national value of water quality. For these people, consistent with prospect theory, changes in water quality below the 65% referenced national standard are treated as losses and given more weight while identical changes …

Numerical Analysis Of Non-Constant Pure Rate Of Time Preference: A Model Of Climate Policy, Tomoki Fujii, Larry Karp

Research Collection School Of Economics

When current decisions affect welfare in the far-distant future, as with climate change, the use of a declining pure rate of time preference (PRTP) provides potentially important modeling flexibility. The difficulty of analyzing models with non-constant PRTP limits their application. We describe and provide software (available online) to implement an algorithm to numerically obtain a Markov perfect equilibrium for an optimal control problem with non-constant PRTP. We apply this software to a simplified version of the numerical climate change model used in the Stern Review. For our calibration, the policy recommendations are less sensitive to the PRTP than widely believed. …

Agenda: Shifting Baselines And New Meridians: Water, Resources, Landscapes, And The Transformation Of The American West, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Shifting Baselines and New Meridians: Water, Resources, Landscapes, and the Transformation of the American West (Summer Conference, June 4-6)

The Center’s 29th annual conference will focus on the changes in the West resulting from rapid population growth, development, disrupted historical weather patterns and the effects of those changes on land, water, and energy resources. Speakers and panelists will address the adaptability of the legal and political institutions and how the transformation of the West may foreshadow fundamental changes to these institutions.

The agenda includes panel discussions that will address:

• Water for the 21^st Century —the big questions in Western water and rethinking Western water law.
• The Future of Energy —practical and sophisticated solutions to overcome the energy …

Darfur: Rainfall And Conflict, Michael Kevane, Leslie C. Gray

Economics

Data on rainfall patterns only weakly corroborate the claim that climate change explains the Darfur conflict that began in 2003 and has claimed more than 200,000 lives and displaced more than two million persons. Rainfall in Darfur did not decline significantly in the years prior to the eruption of major conflict in 2003; rainfall exhibited a flat trend in the thirty-years preceding the conflict (1972-2002). The rainfall evidence suggests instead a break around 1971. Rainfall is basically stationary over the pre- and post-1971 sub-periods. The break is larger for the more northerly rainfall stations, and is less noticeable for En …

Global Farm Animal Production And Global Warming: Impacting And Mitigating Climate Change, Gowri Koneswaran, Danielle Nierenberg

Agribusiness Collection

BACKGROUND: The farm animal sector is the single largest anthropogenic user of land, contributing to many environmental problems, including global warming and climate change.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to synthesize and expand upon existing data on the contribution of farm animal production to climate change.

METHODS: We analyzed the scientific literature on farm animal production and documented greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as various mitigation strategies.

DISCUSSIONS: An analysis of meat, egg, and milk production encompasses not only the direct rearing and slaughtering of animals, but also grain and fertilizer production for animal feed, waste storage …