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Articles 211 - 240 of 264
Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics
The Use Of Profiling To Target Services In State Welfare-To-Work Programs: An Example Of Process And Implementation, Randall W. Eberts
The Use Of Profiling To Target Services In State Welfare-To-Work Programs: An Example Of Process And Implementation, Randall W. Eberts
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The purpose of this paper is to provide preliminary information about the design of a pilot project to test the efficacy of profiling and referring welfare-to-work participants. Welfare reform requires welfare recipients, with few exceptions, to participate in work activities and ultimately become economically self-sufficient. Welfare recipients possess a wide variation in job readiness skills, ranging from those who are ready and able to work to those who face significant barriers to employment. The challenge of the local administrator of welfare-to-work programs is to target services to those who need them the most. Yet, most programs provide the same services …
Labor Policy Evaluation: Lessons From The American Experience, Susan N. Houseman
Labor Policy Evaluation: Lessons From The American Experience, Susan N. Houseman
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Jobs For Welfare Recipients, Timothy J. Bartik
Jobs For Welfare Recipients, Timothy J. Bartik
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
On-The-Job Training, John M. Barron, Mark C. Berger, Dan A. Black
On-The-Job Training, John M. Barron, Mark C. Berger, Dan A. Black
Upjohn Press
Firms in the U.S. invest billions of dollars annually in workforce training. Growing evidence of the effects of this training on worker productivity, wages, hiring and turnover has led researchers to gradually incorporate the role of training into their analyses. Barron, Berger and Black advance this line of research by offering new evidence on the amount of training provided to workers during the first three months on the job, and the characteristics of those workers who received that training.
Employment Policy For Transition In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Employment Policy For Transition In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Return On Investment For Workplace Education, Kevin Hollenbeck
Return On Investment For Workplace Education, Kevin Hollenbeck
Presentations
No abstract provided.
A Benefit-Cost Framework For Assessing The Economic Payoffs To Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck
A Benefit-Cost Framework For Assessing The Economic Payoffs To Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Unemployment Insurance And Unemployment: Implications Of The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
Unemployment Insurance And Unemployment: Implications Of The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
We translate the results of the three reemployment bonus experiments that were conducted during the 1980s into (a) impacts of a 10-percentage point increase in the Unemployment Insurance (UI) replacement rate on the expected duration of unemployment; and (b) impacts of adding 1 week to the potential duration of UI benefits on the expected duration of unemployment. Our approach is to use an equilibrium search and matching model, calibrated using data from the bonus experiments and secondary sources. The results suggest that a 10-percentage point increase in the UI replacement rate increases the expected duration of unemployment by .3 to …
Of Heart And Mind: Social Policy Essays In Honor Of Sar A. Levitan, Garth L. Mangum Editor, Stephen L. Mangum Editor
Of Heart And Mind: Social Policy Essays In Honor Of Sar A. Levitan, Garth L. Mangum Editor, Stephen L. Mangum Editor
Upjohn Press
The essays in this volume, authored by close friends, associates and students of Sar Levitan, pay tribute to the enduring mark he left on the field of social policy. The book is loosely organized around the method of analysis taught and practiced by Levitan: identifying problems through the examination of facts, developing a thorough understanding of institutions, assessing institutional policies, and evaluating policy options.
A Framework For Assessing The Economic Benefits And Costs Of Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck
A Framework For Assessing The Economic Benefits And Costs Of Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Many individuals are grappling with the issue of whether to provide workers with training that upgrades the workers' basic academic skills. The corollary questions that flow from this issue are how to provide the training, how much training should be provided, and who should pay for the training. Workers are interested in this issue because they want to sustain productive, well-paying careers that will support adequate standards of living. Not receiving training may jeopardize their careers and earning power. Employers are interested in this issue because their economic role is to maximize corporate profits for stockholders. In most companies, worker …
Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary
Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts
Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Employer Rents Received By Hiring Vocationally-Trained Or Experienced Workers, Kevin Hollenbeck
Employer Rents Received By Hiring Vocationally-Trained Or Experienced Workers, Kevin Hollenbeck
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh
Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh
Upjohn Press
Leigh begins by providing a summary of the evolution of labor market programs in seven industrialized countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the U.S. He points out that a number of these nations are dealing with long-term unemployment by linking unemployment insurance benefits to participation in labor market programs, and that this is a requirement U.S. policy makers should examine closely. Leigh also performs informal cross-country evaluations of these countries' programs,focusing on policies he feels merit attention. A three-level active labor market program is then proposed for the U.S.
Program Applicants As A Comparison Group In Evaluating Training Programs: Theory And A Test, Stephen H. Bell, Larry L. Orr, John D. Blomquist, Glen George Cain
Program Applicants As A Comparison Group In Evaluating Training Programs: Theory And A Test, Stephen H. Bell, Larry L. Orr, John D. Blomquist, Glen George Cain
Upjohn Press
The authors begin with a thorough assessment of the many nonexperimental employment and training program evaluation techniques based on non-random comparison groups. These techniques typically use econometric methods to estimate the effects of employment and training programs by using comparison groups from non-program "external" sources. Then, recognizing the inherent drawbacks in these methods, Bell, Orr, Blomquist and Cain respond by reintroducing an evaluation method first implemented in the 1960s, the use of "internal" comparison groups consisting of nonparticipating program applicants. These groups include withdrawals, screen-outs and no-shows of the programs being evaluated in order to solve the selection bias problem. …
An Impact Analysis Of Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
An Impact Analysis Of Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper presents estimates of the impact of retraining and public service employment (PSE) on reemployment and earnings in the Republic of Hungary during the early phase of post-Socialist economic restructuring. Since assignment to programs resulted in groups with vastly dissimilar characteristics, impact estimates were computed using a variety of methods. Controlling for observable characteristics, retraining may have slightly improved the chances for reemployment in a non-subsidized job, but the gain in reemployment was probably not sufficient to justify the cost of retraining. However, since the durability of jobs appears to be better for those who were retrained, the long …
Using Performance Indicators To Improve The Effectiveness Of Welfare-To-Work Programs, Timothy J. Bartik
Using Performance Indicators To Improve The Effectiveness Of Welfare-To-Work Programs, Timothy J. Bartik
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper argues that it is feasible to develop good indicators of the performance of a particular welfare-to-work program, office, or contractor. Performance indicators can motivate local offices, contractors, and staff to be more effective in achieving the program's goals. Performance indicators can provide information on what program strategies lead to the greatest long-run success. To be most useful, performance indicators must be simple and timely and control for factors other than the program's effectiveness that influence whether welfare recipients "succeed."
A Reemployment Incentives Experiment In Canada: Issues In Design, Administration And Evaluation, Christopher J. O'Leary
A Reemployment Incentives Experiment In Canada: Issues In Design, Administration And Evaluation, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
No abstract provided.
Workplace Literacy Programs: Why The Mismatch Between Availability And Need?, Kevin Hollenbeck
Workplace Literacy Programs: Why The Mismatch Between Availability And Need?, Kevin Hollenbeck
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Human Capital And Economic Development, Sisay Asefa Editor, Wei-Chiao Huang Editor
Human Capital And Economic Development, Sisay Asefa Editor, Wei-Chiao Huang Editor
Upjohn Press
Six essays are presented that explore human capital and its relationship to issues such as demographics, population growth, families, workplace training and economic progress.
Evaluating Pooled Evidence From The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluating Pooled Evidence From The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Social experiments conducted in Pennsylvania and Washington tested the effect of offering Unemployment Insurance (UI) claimants a cash bonus for rapid reemployment. This paper combines data from the two experiments and uses a consistent framework to evaluate the experiments and determine with greater certainty the extent to which a reemployment bonus can affect economic outcomes. Bonus offers in each of the experiments generated statistically significant but relatively modest reductions in UI receipt. Since the estimated impacts on UI receipt were modest, the reemployment bonuses did not generate the UI savings necessary to pay for administering and paying the bonuses. Hence, …
Report On A Survey Of Unemployment And Active Labour Market Programmes In Hungary, Martin Godfrey, György LáZáR, Christopher J. O'Leary
Report On A Survey Of Unemployment And Active Labour Market Programmes In Hungary, Martin Godfrey, György LáZáR, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
The Economic Payoffs To Workplace Literacy, Kevin Hollenbeck
The Economic Payoffs To Workplace Literacy, Kevin Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper focuses on one of the potential benefits to improving the Nation's literacy the economic payoffs. A more literate workforce provides economic benefits to the members of the workforce themselves, to employers, and to society. Workers who improve their basic skills through participation in workplace literacy programs should be more productive and hence earn higher wages and have greater job security. Employers with more productive workers will be more competitive in their industries and will be more profitable. Society gains by having a more productive and stable economy, by having more individuals employed with higher earnings and thus paying …
Reemployment Incentives For Unemployment Insurance Beneficiaries: Results From The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert G. Spiegelman, Kenneth J. Kline
Reemployment Incentives For Unemployment Insurance Beneficiaries: Results From The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert G. Spiegelman, Kenneth J. Kline
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Unemployment insurance is intended to reduce hardship by providing labor force members with partial wage replacement during periods of involuntary unemployment. However, in performing this income maintenance function, unemployment insurance may prolong spells of unemployment. Evidence from a field experiment conducted in Illinois in 1984 suggested that offering unemployment insurance claimants a modest cash bonus for rapid reemployment would increase the speed of return to work and reduce program costs. In 1988 a similar experiment, examining several different bonus offers, was conducted in Washington State. Evidence from the Washington experiment indicates that bonus offers do change job seeking behavior, but …
A Net Impact Analysis Of Adult, Job-Specific Training Programs Funded By The Ohio Department Of Education, Kevin Hollenbeck, William Anderson
A Net Impact Analysis Of Adult, Job-Specific Training Programs Funded By The Ohio Department Of Education, Kevin Hollenbeck, William Anderson
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Innovation In Planning Hungarian Labor Market Programs, Christopher J. O'Leary
Innovation In Planning Hungarian Labor Market Programs, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
This paper summarizes the important features of the Hungarian ALPs (active labor market programs) and reports on the system to assess the effectiveness of ALPs which is now being implemented in Hungary. The system being introduced in Hungary is an example of "entrepreneurial government" in the sense of Osborne and Gaebler (1992). The paper lists performance indicators (PI) used for each program, and explains how they are used with administrative and follow-up data. The system of PI is designed to monitor performance while allowing decentralized decision making and avoiding adverse incentives. The system is designed to promote superior performance through …
Classrooms In The Workplace: Workplace Literacy Programs In Small And Medium-Sized Firms, Kevin Hollenbeck
Classrooms In The Workplace: Workplace Literacy Programs In Small And Medium-Sized Firms, Kevin Hollenbeck
Upjohn Press
Hollenbeck, using a combined qualitative/quantitative approach, estimates the linkage between workplace literacy programs and the reason for their existence - increased productivity requirements. He utilizes in-depth case studies as well as a large database to look at the costs and benefits of such programs, also the determining factors for why firms choose to implement literacy programs.
Employer Training Needs In Hawaii: Summary Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Industrial Relations Center
Employer Training Needs In Hawaii: Summary Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Industrial Relations Center
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The Survey of Employer Training Needs in Hawaii was undertaken to gather information and data on the needs and preferences of employers in Hawaii regarding government assistance with training. The need for such information was created by passage of Act 68, Session Laws of Hawaii 1991, which created the Hawaii Employment and Training Fund "to assist employers and workers through innovative programs to include, but not be limited to, business-specific training, upgrade training, new occupational skills, management skills, and support services to improve the long-term employability of Hawaii's people."
Workplace Education Programs In Small- And Medium-Sized Michigan Firms, Kevin Hollenbeck, William Anderson
Workplace Education Programs In Small- And Medium-Sized Michigan Firms, Kevin Hollenbeck, William Anderson
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper presents a systematic, baseline picture of workplace education programs in small and medium-sized businesses (less than 500 employees) in Michigan. Specifically, it addresses why some firms are offering and other firms are not offering workplace education programs, what are the characteristics of the programs being provided, and what are the impacts of these programs on firms and employees. The paper draws upon two data sources. Case studies of 28 Michigan businesses were undertaken between May 1991 and July 1992 and a combination mail/telephone survey of small businesses in Michigan was conducted in early 1992. The paper finds that …