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Articles 301 - 330 of 353
Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics
Subsidizing Increased Employment For The Urban Poor: What Labor Market Problems Might Justify It?, Timothy J. Bartik
Subsidizing Increased Employment For The Urban Poor: What Labor Market Problems Might Justify It?, Timothy J. Bartik
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
A Reemployment Incentives Experiment In Canada: Issues In Design, Administration And Evaluation, Christopher J. O'Leary
A Reemployment Incentives Experiment In Canada: Issues In Design, Administration And Evaluation, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
No abstract provided.
An Anti-Poverty Proposal For Inner-City Residents Of Kalamazoo, Timothy J. Bartik, George A. Erickcek
An Anti-Poverty Proposal For Inner-City Residents Of Kalamazoo, Timothy J. Bartik, George A. Erickcek
Reports
No abstract provided.
Job Security V. Labor Market Flexibility: Is There A Tradeoff?, Susan N. Houseman
Job Security V. Labor Market Flexibility: Is There A Tradeoff?, Susan N. Houseman
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Report And Recommendations: Transmitted To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation
Report And Recommendations: Transmitted To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation
External Papers and Reports
No abstract provided.
A System For Evaluating Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
A System For Evaluating Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Evaluating Pooled Evidence From The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluating Pooled Evidence From The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Social experiments conducted in Pennsylvania and Washington tested the effect of offering Unemployment Insurance (UI) claimants a cash bonus for rapid reemployment. This paper combines data from the two experiments and uses a consistent framework to evaluate the experiments and determine with greater certainty the extent to which a reemployment bonus can affect economic outcomes. Bonus offers in each of the experiments generated statistically significant but relatively modest reductions in UI receipt. Since the estimated impacts on UI receipt were modest, the reemployment bonuses did not generate the UI savings necessary to pay for administering and paying the bonuses. Hence, …
Suggested Revisions To The Polish Employment Law, Christopher J. O'Leary
Suggested Revisions To The Polish Employment Law, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Local Labor Demand On Individual Labor Market Outcomes For Different Demographic Groups And The Poor, Timothy J. Bartik
The Effects Of Local Labor Demand On Individual Labor Market Outcomes For Different Demographic Groups And The Poor, Timothy J. Bartik
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The contribution of this paper is to use panel data on individuals (specifically, data from the Panel Survey on Income Dynamics) to examine how local demand conditions affect the economic well-being of disadvantaged groups and the poor. Previous research on local labor demand conditions uses data from a single cross-section of local economies, or a time-series of cross-sections of regions. With such data, estimated effects of local labor demand conditions on average labor market outcomes might be attributable to changes in local population composition, as we would expect local demand conditions to change in- and out-migration patterns. Because panel data …
Reemployment Incentives For Unemployment Insurance Beneficiaries: Results From The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert G. Spiegelman, Kenneth J. Kline
Reemployment Incentives For Unemployment Insurance Beneficiaries: Results From The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert G. Spiegelman, Kenneth J. Kline
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Unemployment insurance is intended to reduce hardship by providing labor force members with partial wage replacement during periods of involuntary unemployment. However, in performing this income maintenance function, unemployment insurance may prolong spells of unemployment. Evidence from a field experiment conducted in Illinois in 1984 suggested that offering unemployment insurance claimants a modest cash bonus for rapid reemployment would increase the speed of return to work and reduce program costs. In 1988 a similar experiment, examining several different bonus offers, was conducted in Washington State. Evidence from the Washington experiment indicates that bonus offers do change job seeking behavior, but …
The Michigan Disability Prevention Study: Research Highlights, H. Allan Hunt, Rochelle Virginia Habeck
The Michigan Disability Prevention Study: Research Highlights, H. Allan Hunt, Rochelle Virginia Habeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This 3-year collaborative research project was designed to provide empirical evidence to substantiate the impact of various employer policies and practices on the prevention and management of workplace disability. It studied a random sample of 220 Michigan establishments with more than 100 employees from seven different industries who responded to a mail survey in the first half of 1991. The study correlates differences in employer-reported levels of achievement on policy and practice dimensions with performance on disability outcome measures, while controlling for a set of establishment characteristics in a multivariate regression analysis.
Does Employment Protection Inhibit Labor Market Flexibility?: Lessons From Germany, France And Belgium, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman
Does Employment Protection Inhibit Labor Market Flexibility?: Lessons From Germany, France And Belgium, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Laws in most West European countries give workers strong job rights, including the right to advance notice of layoff and the right to severance pay or other compensation if laid off. Many of these same countries also encourage hours adjustment in lieu of layoffs by providing prorated unemployment compensation to workers on reduced hours. This paper compares the adjustment of manufacturing employment and hours in West Germany, France and Belgium, three countries with strong job security regulations and well-established short-time compensation systems, with that in the United States. Although the adjustment of employment to changes in output is much slower …
Unemployment Insurance In The United States: The First Half Century, Saul J. Blaustein, Wilbur J. Cohen, William Haber
Unemployment Insurance In The United States: The First Half Century, Saul J. Blaustein, Wilbur J. Cohen, William Haber
Upjohn Press
Blaustein offers the definitive summary of the U.S. unemployment insurance system. This is the first of a two-volume update of Haber and Murray's Unemployment Insurance in the American Economy.
The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment: Final Report, Robert G. Spiegelman, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
The Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment: Final Report, Robert G. Spiegelman, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
External Papers and Reports
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of Pooled Evidence From The Pennsylvania And Washington Reemployment Bonus Demonstrations, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
An Analysis Of Pooled Evidence From The Pennsylvania And Washington Reemployment Bonus Demonstrations, Paul T. Decker, Christopher J. O'Leary
External Papers and Reports
No abstract provided.
Workers' Compensation In British Columbia: An Administrative Inventory At A Time Of Transition, H. Allan Hunt, Peter S. Barth, Michael J. Leahy
Workers' Compensation In British Columbia: An Administrative Inventory At A Time Of Transition, H. Allan Hunt, Peter S. Barth, Michael J. Leahy
Reports
No abstract provided.
Effects Of A Reemployment Bonus Under Differing Benefit Entitlements, Or, Why The Illinois Experiment Worked, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
Effects Of A Reemployment Bonus Under Differing Benefit Entitlements, Or, Why The Illinois Experiment Worked, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
Conference Papers
Fifty-eight percent of the workers enrolled in the Illinois Claimant Bonus experiment were eligible for 38 weeks of Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits--26 weeks of state-regular benefits plus 12 weeks of Federal Supplemental Compensation (FSC). The other 42 percent were eligible for only 26 weeks of state-regular UI benefits. We find that the Claimant Bonus treatment--an offer of $500 in cash for rapid reemployment--reduced the duration of insured unemployment by about 1.8 weeks for workers who were eligible for 38 weeks of UI benefits, but by only about 0.75 week for the workers who were eligible for 26 weeks of UI. …
Testimony On The Effectiveness Of The Employment Service In Aiding Ui Claimants Before The House Committee On Ways And Means Human Resources Subcommittee, Louis S. Jacobson
Testimony On The Effectiveness Of The Employment Service In Aiding Ui Claimants Before The House Committee On Ways And Means Human Resources Subcommittee, Louis S. Jacobson
Testimonies
No abstract provided.
Congressional Testimony On The Effectiveness Of The Employment Service In Aiding Ui Claimants, Louis S. Jacobson
Congressional Testimony On The Effectiveness Of The Employment Service In Aiding Ui Claimants, Louis S. Jacobson
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This testimony describes the results of a study of the Employment Service (ES) conducted by Dr. Jacobson and Prof. Arnold Katz of the University of Pittsburgh using data on over 100,000 individuals who registered with the Pennsylvania ES between 1978 and 1987, and an even larger sample of non-registrants. One major finding is that much of the decline in the ES's performance over the past thirty years can be explained by changes in: funding, characteristics of registrants, and characteristics of job vacancies. Thus, we concluded that criticism of the ES often ignores changes in crucial factors outside of the ES's …
Evaluation Criteria And Planning Guidelines For Employment Fund Programs In The Republic Of Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary, W.E. Upjohn Institute For Employment Research
Evaluation Criteria And Planning Guidelines For Employment Fund Programs In The Republic Of Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary, W.E. Upjohn Institute For Employment Research
Reports
No abstract provided.
Interstate Differences In Employer Tax Costs And Worker Benefits Of Unemployment Insurance: A Micro-Simulation Approach, Timothy L. Hunt, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang
Interstate Differences In Employer Tax Costs And Worker Benefits Of Unemployment Insurance: A Micro-Simulation Approach, Timothy L. Hunt, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang
Reports
This study compares employer unemployment insurance (UI) tax costs and worker UI benefits across the 28 largest industrial states for 1988. The comparison is done using a detailed computerized micro-simulation model which computes the worker UI benefits and employer UI taxes for each state. Assumed characteristics of employers and employees are held constant across the states so that differences in UI costs and benefits among the states can be attributed entirely to differences in UI statutes. The principal findings of this study are: (1) the UI system can be modeled fruitfully at the firm level, (2) there are significant UI …
The Displacement Effect Of Reemployment Bonus Programs, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
The Displacement Effect Of Reemployment Bonus Programs, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper explores whether reemployment bonuses--cash payments made to insured unemployed workers who find reemployment quickly--have the unintended consequence of displacing workers who are not covered by the bonus program. We develop two partial equilibrium matching models of the labor market, patterned after the work of Diamond (1982), Mortensen (1982), and Pissarides (1984). In the first model, wages are assumed exogenous, in the second endogenous. In both, we find that the direct substitution of covered for uncovered workers (which constitutes displacement) is countered by two offsetting effects : a gross job creation effect, which results from the increased search effort …
The Earned Income Tax Credit: Antipoverty Effectiveness And Labor Market Effects, Saul D. Hoffman, Laurence S. Seidman
The Earned Income Tax Credit: Antipoverty Effectiveness And Labor Market Effects, Saul D. Hoffman, Laurence S. Seidman
Upjohn Press
The authors begin with a detailed assessment then perform empirical analyses to predict the outcomes of changes to the structure of the program.
Unemployment Insurance Trust Fund Adequacy In The 1990'S, Wayne Vroman
Unemployment Insurance Trust Fund Adequacy In The 1990'S, Wayne Vroman
Upjohn Press
Vroman introduces a model-based approach to the study of UI financing. He creates simulations for several large states in order to examine a series of funding issues, and analyzes the performance of those state's systems. In addition, he presents the regional aspects of UI funding. Vroman concludes with a brief presentation of UI solvency prospects and a description of a possible federal role in enhancing UI fund solvency.
An Econometric Analysis Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits Adequacy, Christopher J. O'Leary
An Econometric Analysis Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits Adequacy, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Traditionally studies of unemployment insurance benefit adequacy have relied on an expenditure survey. This is expensive, yields small samples, and presumes that the analyst knows which categories of expenditure are necessary. This paper uses an existing large data set, and an agnostic approach. Labor supply are equations are estimated on PSID data using an estimator which accounts for rationing in the labor market. The results are used to compute labor market constraint compensation for comparison to payments under UI systems of representative states. The results suggest that payments which meet the accepted standard of adequacy would usually slightly overcompensate individuals.
Intrastate Differences In Workers' Compensation Costs: October 1986 Closed Case Study, H. Allan Hunt, Leslie E. Lance
Intrastate Differences In Workers' Compensation Costs: October 1986 Closed Case Study, H. Allan Hunt, Leslie E. Lance
Reports
It is the goal of this study to present an empirical description of the Michigan workers' compensation system as of 1986 which will enable the comparison of the operation of the current system with the 1978 system in order to measure the impact of the policy changes implemented in the early 1980s.
Experience Rating Of Unemployment Insurance In Michigan And Other States: A Microeconomic Comparison For 1988, Timothy L. Hunt, Christopher J. O'Leary
Experience Rating Of Unemployment Insurance In Michigan And Other States: A Microeconomic Comparison For 1988, Timothy L. Hunt, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
No abstract provided.
Vag Trust Fund Adequacy, Christopher J. O'Leary
Potential Duration Of Unemployment Benefits And The Duration Of Joblessness, Stephen A. Woodbury
Potential Duration Of Unemployment Benefits And The Duration Of Joblessness, Stephen A. Woodbury
Conference Papers
Federal Supplemental Compensation (FSC) was the program that temporarily extended the duration of Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits by 8 to 14 weeks during 1982-1984. This paper examines whether and to what degree the extension of benefits under FSC increased the expected length of UI recipients' jobless spells. The estimates are derived from a large Ul-administrative data base that spans the expiration of FSC and allows one to observe whether and (approximately) when a worker actually returned to work. Previous studies of the effects of extended benefits have had to make assumptions about UI recipients' return to work that appear to …
The Incidence Of Workers' Compensation Claims In Michigan: Final Report, H. Allan Hunt
The Incidence Of Workers' Compensation Claims In Michigan: Final Report, H. Allan Hunt
Reports
No abstract provided.