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Articles 91 - 120 of 128
Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics
Evaluating Active Labor Market Programs In Transition Economies, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluating Active Labor Market Programs In Transition Economies, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Elements Of A Service Referral Algorithm For A Frontline Decision Support System For Washington Workfirst, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang
Elements Of A Service Referral Algorithm For A Frontline Decision Support System For Washington Workfirst, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang
Reports
No abstract provided.
New Directions In Reemployment Policy, Stephen A. Woodbury
New Directions In Reemployment Policy, Stephen A. Woodbury
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Public Policy In Skills Development Of Black Workers In The 21st Century, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin Hollenbeck
The Role Of Public Policy In Skills Development Of Black Workers In The 21st Century, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper discusses the role of public policy in the skills development system of the U.S. It further examines the implications of that policy for the skill development and career progression of black workers. The paper describes the current "system" for skills development in the United States as a two- tiered system: The "first-chance" or conventional system allows individuals to proceed through an extensive public elementary, secondary, and postsecondary educational sector that is supplemented by private educational institutions and is followed by employer-provided job training and work experience. The "second-chance" system is designed for individuals who do not successfully traverse …
Evaluation Of Active Labor Market Programs: Examples From Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluation Of Active Labor Market Programs: Examples From Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Intergovernmental Relations In Employment Policy: The United States Experience, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert A. Straits
Intergovernmental Relations In Employment Policy: The United States Experience, Christopher J. O'Leary, Robert A. Straits
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Policies to regulate and support labor markets in the United States have mainly been an initiative of the federal government. Historically, states and localities were reluctant to act independently to build up worker rights and protections for fear of competitively disadvantaging resident industries with added costs. Federal constitutional authority to raise revenue and control commerce among the states governed development of labor market policy in the United States. Labor market support initiatives usually have been forged in difficult economic times with contributions and compromise from the full political spectrum. This paper examines the development of employment policy in the twentieth …
Evaluation Of The Kent County Work Progressions Program, Kevin Hollenbeck
Evaluation Of The Kent County Work Progressions Program, Kevin Hollenbeck
Reports
No abstract provided.
A Cross Country Evaluation Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
A Cross Country Evaluation Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
No abstract provided.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Design For A Net Impact Evaluation Of Retraining In China, Christopher J. O'Leary
Design For A Net Impact Evaluation Of Retraining In China, Christopher J. O'Leary
Reports
The main aim of the national reemployment project in China is to redeploy workers identified as redundant within urban state owned enterprises (SOEs) to new jobs. As part of a larger effort to document the success of the reemployment project in China, a net impact analysis of retraining will be performed using a sample drawn from three cities which span the range of economic conditions in China: Shanghai, Wuhan and Shenyang. This paper presents a practical design for the sampling necessary to undertake the evaluation.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Active Labor Programs In Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Active Labor Programs In Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Preliminary Evidence On Impacts Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Preliminary Evidence On Impacts Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
To ease the hardship associated with worker dislocation and to maintain social stability during the transition to markets, the governments of Hungary and Poland provide labor force members with unemployment compensation and a variety of active labor programs (ALPs). Follow-up surveys of participants in retraining, public works, wage subsidies, self-employment, and comparison groups were done in Hungary and Poland in early 1997. Preliminary analysis suggests positive net impacts for most ALPs and additive benefits from the use of the employment service in both countries. Strong evidence of nonrandom assignment to programs means that great care should be used in interpreting …
The Use Of Profiling To Target Services In State Welfare-To-Work Programs: An Example Of Process And Implementation, Randall W. Eberts
The Use Of Profiling To Target Services In State Welfare-To-Work Programs: An Example Of Process And Implementation, Randall W. Eberts
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The purpose of this paper is to provide preliminary information about the design of a pilot project to test the efficacy of profiling and referring welfare-to-work participants. Welfare reform requires welfare recipients, with few exceptions, to participate in work activities and ultimately become economically self-sufficient. Welfare recipients possess a wide variation in job readiness skills, ranging from those who are ready and able to work to those who face significant barriers to employment. The challenge of the local administrator of welfare-to-work programs is to target services to those who need them the most. Yet, most programs provide the same services …
Jobs For Welfare Recipients, Timothy J. Bartik
Jobs For Welfare Recipients, Timothy J. Bartik
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Employment Policy For Transition In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Employment Policy For Transition In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary
Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts
Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh
Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh
Upjohn Press
Leigh begins by providing a summary of the evolution of labor market programs in seven industrialized countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the U.S. He points out that a number of these nations are dealing with long-term unemployment by linking unemployment insurance benefits to participation in labor market programs, and that this is a requirement U.S. policy makers should examine closely. Leigh also performs informal cross-country evaluations of these countries' programs,focusing on policies he feels merit attention. A three-level active labor market program is then proposed for the U.S.
Program Applicants As A Comparison Group In Evaluating Training Programs: Theory And A Test, Stephen H. Bell, Larry L. Orr, John D. Blomquist, Glen George Cain
Program Applicants As A Comparison Group In Evaluating Training Programs: Theory And A Test, Stephen H. Bell, Larry L. Orr, John D. Blomquist, Glen George Cain
Upjohn Press
The authors begin with a thorough assessment of the many nonexperimental employment and training program evaluation techniques based on non-random comparison groups. These techniques typically use econometric methods to estimate the effects of employment and training programs by using comparison groups from non-program "external" sources. Then, recognizing the inherent drawbacks in these methods, Bell, Orr, Blomquist and Cain respond by reintroducing an evaluation method first implemented in the 1960s, the use of "internal" comparison groups consisting of nonparticipating program applicants. These groups include withdrawals, screen-outs and no-shows of the programs being evaluated in order to solve the selection bias problem. …
An Impact Analysis Of Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
An Impact Analysis Of Employment Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper presents estimates of the impact of retraining and public service employment (PSE) on reemployment and earnings in the Republic of Hungary during the early phase of post-Socialist economic restructuring. Since assignment to programs resulted in groups with vastly dissimilar characteristics, impact estimates were computed using a variety of methods. Controlling for observable characteristics, retraining may have slightly improved the chances for reemployment in a non-subsidized job, but the gain in reemployment was probably not sufficient to justify the cost of retraining. However, since the durability of jobs appears to be better for those who were retrained, the long …
Using Performance Indicators To Improve The Effectiveness Of Welfare-To-Work Programs, Timothy J. Bartik
Using Performance Indicators To Improve The Effectiveness Of Welfare-To-Work Programs, Timothy J. Bartik
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper argues that it is feasible to develop good indicators of the performance of a particular welfare-to-work program, office, or contractor. Performance indicators can motivate local offices, contractors, and staff to be more effective in achieving the program's goals. Performance indicators can provide information on what program strategies lead to the greatest long-run success. To be most useful, performance indicators must be simple and timely and control for factors other than the program's effectiveness that influence whether welfare recipients "succeed."
Report On A Survey Of Unemployment And Active Labour Market Programmes In Hungary, Martin Godfrey, György LáZáR, Christopher J. O'Leary
Report On A Survey Of Unemployment And Active Labour Market Programmes In Hungary, Martin Godfrey, György LáZáR, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Innovation In Planning Hungarian Labor Market Programs, Christopher J. O'Leary
Innovation In Planning Hungarian Labor Market Programs, Christopher J. O'Leary
Conference Papers
This paper summarizes the important features of the Hungarian ALPs (active labor market programs) and reports on the system to assess the effectiveness of ALPs which is now being implemented in Hungary. The system being introduced in Hungary is an example of "entrepreneurial government" in the sense of Osborne and Gaebler (1992). The paper lists performance indicators (PI) used for each program, and explains how they are used with administrative and follow-up data. The system of PI is designed to monitor performance while allowing decentralized decision making and avoiding adverse incentives. The system is designed to promote superior performance through …
Employer Training Needs In Hawaii: Summary Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Industrial Relations Center
Employer Training Needs In Hawaii: Summary Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Industrial Relations Center
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The Survey of Employer Training Needs in Hawaii was undertaken to gather information and data on the needs and preferences of employers in Hawaii regarding government assistance with training. The need for such information was created by passage of Act 68, Session Laws of Hawaii 1991, which created the Hawaii Employment and Training Fund "to assist employers and workers through innovative programs to include, but not be limited to, business-specific training, upgrade training, new occupational skills, management skills, and support services to improve the long-term employability of Hawaii's people."
Dislocated Worker Human Capital Depreciation And Recovery, Kevin Hollenbeck
Dislocated Worker Human Capital Depreciation And Recovery, Kevin Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Previous studies have estimated the "human capital depreciation" of women re-entering the work force after voluntary, lengthy interruptions. Those studies have found reduced real wages and furthermore the decrease is positively related to the length of the interruption. Upon re-entry, however, real wages grow rapidly as human capital is restored. This paper develops a model of the wage histories of dislocated workers. Similar to labor force re-entrants, those dislocated workers who become re-employed would experience wages below their final wage prior to dislocation and the decrease should be associated with the length of dislocation. However, the model suggests that since …
Back To Work: Testing Reemployment Services For Displaced Workers, Howard S. Bloom
Back To Work: Testing Reemployment Services For Displaced Workers, Howard S. Bloom
Upjohn Press
Bloom presents findings from the Texas Worker Adjustment Demonstration, a 2,192-person randomized experimental evaluation of reemployment programs for displaced workers conducted at three sites in Texas. This project demonstrated that a relatively inexpensive mix of job-search assistance and limited occupational skills training can be a cost-effective means of assisting displaced workers.
Evaluating Social Programs At The State And Local Level: The Jtpa Evaluation Design Project, Ann B. Blalock Editor
Evaluating Social Programs At The State And Local Level: The Jtpa Evaluation Design Project, Ann B. Blalock Editor
Upjohn Press
This book draws upon the JTPA Evaluation Design Project initiated, developed and directed by the Washington State Employment Security Department. The five essays offer practical, instructive guidance about planning and executing program evaluations.
Does Training Work For Displaced Workers?: A Survey Of Existing Evidence, Duane E. Leigh
Does Training Work For Displaced Workers?: A Survey Of Existing Evidence, Duane E. Leigh
Upjohn Press
Leigh examines nine demonstration projects and operating programs to determine how well public retraining programs for displaced workers fulfill their roles.
Assisting Displaced Workers: Do The States Have A Better Idea?, Duane E. Leigh
Assisting Displaced Workers: Do The States Have A Better Idea?, Duane E. Leigh
Upjohn Press
This work provides a comprehensive assessment of state initiatives designed to deal with worker displacement. Leigh considers quantitative and qualitative studies of state programs, evaluations of state- and federally-funded demonstration projects and pilot programs, and studies of the design and operation of foreign government programs.