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Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics

A Moment Of Opportunity: Strategies For Inclusive Economic Growth, Michelle Miller-Adams, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Aug 2021

A Moment Of Opportunity: Strategies For Inclusive Economic Growth, Michelle Miller-Adams, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.


5 Big Ideas In Inequality: Good Jobs - V, Timothy J. Bartik Nov 2020

5 Big Ideas In Inequality: Good Jobs - V, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Broadening Place-Based Jobs Policies: How To Both Target Job Creation And Broaden Its Reach, Timothy J. Bartik Nov 2020

Broadening Place-Based Jobs Policies: How To Both Target Job Creation And Broaden Its Reach, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

Many places in the United States are distressed in that they have low “employment rates” (employment to population ratios). In my recent report for the Brookings Metro Policy program (Bartik 2020b), I proposed helping the most distressed local labor markets, comprising 15 percent of the U.S. population, by a federal block grant of $11 billion annually to provide public services to create local jobs. The present policy paper outlines how this block grant can be broadened, while remaining targeted. The block grant is broadened by adding $3 billion for more moderately distressed local labor markets, comprising an additional 15 percent …


Place-Based Policy: An Essay In Two Parts, Timothy J. Bartik May 2020

Place-Based Policy: An Essay In Two Parts, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

Place-based policies that increase jobs in local labor markets can have large benefits, but current policies need reforms. Local job growth can have large benefits by increasing local employment-to-population ratios (employment rates). These employment rate benefits are larger if jobs are created in local labor markets that are distressed, or if new jobs are matched to the local nonemployed. Current place-based policies are mostly business tax incentives, provided by state and local governments. These incentives are costly per job actually created by the incentive. More cost-effective job creation are public services to businesses, such as customized job training or business …


Rethinking State Economic Development Strategies: Or, How To Maximize Benefits For State Residents’ Earnings Per Capita, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2019

Rethinking State Economic Development Strategies: Or, How To Maximize Benefits For State Residents’ Earnings Per Capita, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities? Yes, But Current Policies Need Reforms, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2019

Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities? Yes, But Current Policies Need Reforms, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Making Sense Of Incentives: Taming Business Incentives To Promote Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik Oct 2019

Making Sense Of Incentives: Taming Business Incentives To Promote Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Press

In evaluating incentives, everything depends on the details: how much in incentives it takes to truly cause a firm to locate or expand, the multiplier effects, the effects of jobs on employment rates, how jobs affect tax revenue versus public spending needs. Do benefits of incentives exceed costs? This depends on the details. This book is about those details. What magnitudes of incentive effects are plausible? How do benefits and costs vary with incentive designs? What advice can be given to evaluators? What is an ideal incentive policy? Answering these questions about incentives depends on a model of incentive effects, …


What Should States Do About Incentives?, Timothy J. Bartik Sep 2019

What Should States Do About Incentives?, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities?, Timothy J. Bartik Aug 2019

Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Should policymakers seek to increase jobs in particular local labor markets? Yes, but only if these policies are well targeted and designed. Encouraging job growth in distressed places can cause persistent gains in employment-to-population ratios. But our current place-based jobs policies, under which state and local governments provide long-term tax incentives to megacorporations, are poorly targeted and designed. Such incentives are as large in nondistressed areas as in distressed areas, and they are excessively costly. What reforms are needed? First, job growth policies should target distressed areas. Second, tax incentives should be focused on high-multiplier businesses, such as high-tech firms. …


Should We Target Jobs At Distressed Places, And If So, How?, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2019

Should We Target Jobs At Distressed Places, And If So, How?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Costs And Benefits Of A Revised Foxconn Project, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2019

Costs And Benefits Of A Revised Foxconn Project, Timothy J. Bartik

Reports

No abstract provided.


Place-Based Jobs Policies, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2019

Place-Based Jobs Policies, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Local Job Multipliers In The United States: Variation With Local Characteristics And With High-Tech Shocks, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland Apr 2019

Local Job Multipliers In The United States: Variation With Local Characteristics And With High-Tech Shocks, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper provides new estimates of local job multipliers, the ratio of total jobs generated to some initial number of jobs created from a demand shock. Multipliers greatly affect benefits versus costs of local job-creation policies. These new estimates rely on improved methodology and data. The methodology better captures dynamic effects of demand shocks, specifies the model so that demand shocks are more comparable, and is more general in the types of demand shocks that are considered. The data has more industry detail than that used in previous studies. The local job multipliers estimated tend to be about one-quarter lower …


Realistic Local Job Multipliers, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland Apr 2019

Realistic Local Job Multipliers, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Realistic Local Job Multipliers, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland Apr 2019

Realistic Local Job Multipliers, Timothy J. Bartik, Nathan Sotherland

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Striking A Balance: A National Assessment Of Economic Development Incentives, Mary Donegan, T. William Lester, Nichola Lowe Aug 2018

Striking A Balance: A National Assessment Of Economic Development Incentives, Mary Donegan, T. William Lester, Nichola Lowe

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The use of incentive packages has intensified as local governments compete for new plants and corporate relocations, and as private firms increasingly demand a deal. While incentives promise jobs and tax revenue, scholars and practitioners criticize their high cost and limited accountability. Through a comparison of matched establishments, this paper explores how governmental incentive-granting strategy impacts incentive performance. We examine the overall impact of incentives and whether incentives granted to smaller firms perform better. Using economic development budget data, we also assess the state’s overall approach to economic development to determine which strategies are prioritized through funding. By showing that …


Incentives And Local Job Creation, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2018

Incentives And Local Job Creation, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


"But For" Percentages For Economic Development Incentives: What Percentage Estimates Are Plausible Based On The Research Literature?, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2018

"But For" Percentages For Economic Development Incentives: What Percentage Estimates Are Plausible Based On The Research Literature?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper reviews the research literature in the United States on effects of state and local “economic development incentives.” Such incentives are tax breaks or grants, provided by state or local governments to individual firms, that are intended to affect firms’ decisions about business location, expansion, or job retention. Incentives’ benefits versus costs depend greatly on what percentage of incented firms would not have made a particular location/expansion/retention decision “but for” the incentive. Based on a review of 34 estimates of “but for” percentages, from 30 different studies, this paper concludes that typical incentives probably tip somewhere between 2 percent …


What Works To Help Manufacturing-Intensive Local Economies?, Timothy J. Bartik May 2018

What Works To Help Manufacturing-Intensive Local Economies?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.


Helping Manufacturing-Intensive Communities: What Works?, Timothy J. Bartik May 2018

Helping Manufacturing-Intensive Communities: What Works?, Timothy J. Bartik

Reports

No abstract provided.


Improving Economic Development Incentives, Timothy J. Bartik Mar 2018

Improving Economic Development Incentives, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Who Benefits From Economic Development Incentives? How Incentive Effects On Local Incomes And The Income Distribution Vary With Different Assumptions About Incentive Policy And The Local Economy, Timothy J. Bartik Mar 2018

Who Benefits From Economic Development Incentives? How Incentive Effects On Local Incomes And The Income Distribution Vary With Different Assumptions About Incentive Policy And The Local Economy, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

This report presents results from a simulation model that examines the effects of economic development incentives (e.g., tax incentives such as property tax abatements or job creation tax credits) provided to businesses by state and local governments in the United States. The model simulates effects of incentive policies on the incomes of local residents, both for different income types (e.g., labor income versus property income) and for different income quintiles, under different assumptions about the economy’s workings and public policy. Net benefits of incentives for local incomes are greater if the incentives have greater job-creation effects conditional on their effects …


New Evidence On State Fiscal Multipliers: Implications For State Policies, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2017

New Evidence On State Fiscal Multipliers: Implications For State Policies, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

When state and local governments engage in balanced budget changes in taxes and spending, what fiscal multiplier effects do such policies have on creating local jobs? Traditionally, the view has been that possible job-creation effects of such state and local “demand-side” policies are smaller, second-order effects. Such effects might be worthwhile to take into consideration when a state or local government balances its budget during a recession, but the effects were believed to be of modest magnitude, and not of major importance for more general state and local public policies. However, recent estimates of fiscal multiplier effects of state and …


Better Incentives Data Can Inform Both Research And Policy, Timothy J. Bartik Apr 2017

Better Incentives Data Can Inform Both Research And Policy, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


A New Business Incentives Database: Implications For Michigan, Timothy J. Bartik Mar 2017

A New Business Incentives Database: Implications For Michigan, Timothy J. Bartik

Testimonies

No abstract provided.


A New Panel Database On Business Incentives For Economic Development Offered By State And Local Governments In The United States, Timothy J. Bartik Feb 2017

A New Panel Database On Business Incentives For Economic Development Offered By State And Local Governments In The United States, Timothy J. Bartik

Reports

No abstract provided.


Benefits Vs. Costs Of Business Incentives, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2015

Benefits Vs. Costs Of Business Incentives, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Jobless Capital? The Role Of Capital Subsidies, Carlianne E. Patrick Oct 2015

Jobless Capital? The Role Of Capital Subsidies, Carlianne E. Patrick

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Using tax abatements, financial incentives, and public investments to attract (or retain) firms is the primary economic development tool for many local governments. Often local job creation policies focus on increasing capital through grants, low-interest financing, and other economic development incentives. Theory predicts that capital subsidies induce firm behaviors that limit their job creation effects. This paper employs the Incentives Environment Index, constructed from state constitutional provisions that limit and structure the ability of state and local governmental entities to aid private enterprises, and five-year county panels to test theoretical predictions on county capital expenditure and input mixes as well …


Job Creation Tax Credits: Still Worth Consideration?, Robert S. Chirinko, Daniel J. Wilson Jul 2014

Job Creation Tax Credits: Still Worth Consideration?, Robert S. Chirinko, Daniel J. Wilson

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


The Future Of State And Local Economic Development Policy: What Research Is Needed?, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2012

The Future Of State And Local Economic Development Policy: What Research Is Needed?, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.