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W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research

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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1212

Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics

Workdays, Workhours And Work Schedules: Evidence For The United States And Germany, Daniel S. Hamermesh Jan 1996

Workdays, Workhours And Work Schedules: Evidence For The United States And Germany, Daniel S. Hamermesh

Upjohn Press

Hamermesh presents the first comprehensive evidence explaining how days of work, hours of work, and daily schedules are determined in the U.S. and Germany. Using an instantaneous approach to looking at unique data sets for each country, Hamermesh provides comparative analyses on factors influencing both employees' and employers' work schedules. This technique allows him to offer a new "snapshot" perspective on work scheduling that clarifies the role of fixed costs of getting to work and of adding workdays to plant schedules. He also increases our understanding of the relation between work time and the determination of employment, and presents findings …


Of Heart And Mind: Social Policy Essays In Honor Of Sar A. Levitan, Garth L. Mangum Editor, Stephen L. Mangum Editor Jan 1996

Of Heart And Mind: Social Policy Essays In Honor Of Sar A. Levitan, Garth L. Mangum Editor, Stephen L. Mangum Editor

Upjohn Press

The essays in this volume, authored by close friends, associates and students of Sar Levitan, pay tribute to the enduring mark he left on the field of social policy. The book is loosely organized around the method of analysis taught and practiced by Levitan: identifying problems through the examination of facts, developing a thorough understanding of institutions, assessing institutional policies, and evaluating policy options.


A Framework For Assessing The Economic Benefits And Costs Of Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck Jan 1996

A Framework For Assessing The Economic Benefits And Costs Of Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin Hollenbeck

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Many individuals are grappling with the issue of whether to provide workers with training that upgrades the workers' basic academic skills. The corollary questions that flow from this issue are how to provide the training, how much training should be provided, and who should pay for the training. Workers are interested in this issue because they want to sustain productive, well-paying careers that will support adequate standards of living. Not receiving training may jeopardize their careers and earning power. Employers are interested in this issue because their economic role is to maximize corporate profits for stockholders. In most companies, worker …


Exploring The Underground Economy: Studies Of Illegal And Unreported Activity, Susan Pozo Editor Jan 1996

Exploring The Underground Economy: Studies Of Illegal And Unreported Activity, Susan Pozo Editor

Upjohn Press

Individually, the six contributors to this volume each provides a detailed examination of specific segments of the underground economy including its participants, attempts at measurement, and policy responses. Taken together, the essays offer a thorough overview that emphasizes the importance and magnitude of one of the largest economies in the world.


Disability, Work And Cash Benefits, Jerry L. Mashaw Editor, Virginia P. Reno Editor, Richard V. Burkhauser Editor, Monroe Berkowitz Editor Jan 1996

Disability, Work And Cash Benefits, Jerry L. Mashaw Editor, Virginia P. Reno Editor, Richard V. Burkhauser Editor, Monroe Berkowitz Editor

Upjohn Press

This book examines the economic consequences of work disabilities, and public and private interventions that might enable disabled individuals to enter the work force for the first time, remain at work, or return to work. Three groups of papers are presented. The first group examines ways that labor market changes, policy interventions and individual choices shape the work force. The next analyzes both public and private return to work policies for the work disabled and for those with a severely disabling condition. The final group focuses on the specific needs of the disabled that affect their work force participation, including …


Poverty And Inequality: The Political Economy Of Redistribution, Jon Neill Editor Jan 1996

Poverty And Inequality: The Political Economy Of Redistribution, Jon Neill Editor

Upjohn Press

Despite the nation's significant and prolonged economic growth during the 1990s, the portion of aggregate income going to the poorest 20 percent of the population declined, while that of the richest 20 percent grew. The contributors to this volume examine the extent and reasons behind this distribution.


Collected Findings And Recommendations, 1994-1996, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation Jan 1996

Collected Findings And Recommendations, 1994-1996, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation

External Papers and Reports

No abstract provided.


Defining Federal And State Roles In Unemployment Insurance: A Report To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation Jan 1996

Defining Federal And State Roles In Unemployment Insurance: A Report To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation

External Papers and Reports

No abstract provided.


Suggested Rules For An Unemployment Insurance Law For Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary Jan 1996

Suggested Rules For An Unemployment Insurance Law For Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.


Emergency Extensions Of Unemployment Insurance: A Critical Review And Some New Empirical Findings, Stephen A. Woodbury Dec 1995

Emergency Extensions Of Unemployment Insurance: A Critical Review And Some New Empirical Findings, Stephen A. Woodbury

Book Chapters

No abstract provided.


Good Jobs, Bad Jobs: The Long-Run Implications Of Employment At Different Wage Rates For The Disadvantaged, Timothy J. Bartik Nov 1995

Good Jobs, Bad Jobs: The Long-Run Implications Of Employment At Different Wage Rates For The Disadvantaged, Timothy J. Bartik

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.


Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary Nov 1995

Performance Management Of Employment Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.


Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary Oct 1995

Performance Management Of Active Labor Programs In Eastern Europe, Christopher J. O'Leary

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts Oct 1995

Welfare To Work: Local Observations On A National Issue, Randall W. Eberts

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Employer Rents Received By Hiring Vocationally-Trained Or Experienced Workers, Kevin Hollenbeck Sep 1995

Employer Rents Received By Hiring Vocationally-Trained Or Experienced Workers, Kevin Hollenbeck

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.


Job Growth And The Quality Of Jobs In The U.S. Economy, Susan N. Houseman Aug 1995

Job Growth And The Quality Of Jobs In The U.S. Economy, Susan N. Houseman

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

During the 1980's employment grew rapidly in the United States, prompting many analysts to label the U.S. economy the great American job machine. But while aggregate employment increased rapidly during the 1980's, many did not benefit from the expansion. Among less educated prime-age males, unemployment rates rose and labor force participation rates declined sharply. Moreover, although job growth was high, many argued that the quality of American jobs as measured by wages, benefits, and job security deteriorated. The decline of jobs in the high-paying manufacturing sector and the growth of jobs in the low-paying services sector, the growth in part-time …


The Adequacy Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Christopher J. O'Leary Aug 1995

The Adequacy Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Christopher J. O'Leary

Book Chapters

No abstract provided.


The Adequacy Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Christopher J. O'Leary Aug 1995

The Adequacy Of Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Christopher J. O'Leary

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.


Labor Market Adjustment In Europe, Japan, And The United States, Susan N. Houseman Jul 1995

Labor Market Adjustment In Europe, Japan, And The United States, Susan N. Houseman

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.


Moonlighting In The United States, Jean Kimmel Apr 1995

Moonlighting In The United States, Jean Kimmel

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Optimal Unemployment Insurance, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury Apr 1995

Optimal Unemployment Insurance, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We investigate the design of an optimal Unemployment Insurance program using an equilibrium search and matching model calibrated using data from the reemployment bonus experiments and secondary sources. We examine (a) the optimal potential duration of UI benefits, (b) the optimal UI replacement rate when the potential duration of benefits is optimal, and (c) the optimal UI replacement rate when the potential duration of benefits is sub-optimal. There are three main conclusions. First, insurance considerations suggest that the potential duration of UI benefits would be unlimited under an optimal program. Hence, existing UI programs in the U.S. provide benefits for …


Unemployment Insurance And Unemployment: Implications Of The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury Feb 1995

Unemployment Insurance And Unemployment: Implications Of The Reemployment Bonus Experiments, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury

Book Chapters

No abstract provided.


Optimal Unemployment Insurance, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury Feb 1995

Optimal Unemployment Insurance, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury

Book Chapters

No abstract provided.


Unemployment Insurance In The United States, Benefits, Financing, And Coverage: A Report To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation Feb 1995

Unemployment Insurance In The United States, Benefits, Financing, And Coverage: A Report To The President And Congress, U.S. Advisory Council On Unemployment Compensation

External Papers and Reports

No abstract provided.


Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh Jan 1995

Assisting Workers Displaced By Structural Change: An International Perspective, Duane E. Leigh

Upjohn Press

Leigh begins by providing a summary of the evolution of labor market programs in seven industrialized countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the U.S. He points out that a number of these nations are dealing with long-term unemployment by linking unemployment insurance benefits to participation in labor market programs, and that this is a requirement U.S. policy makers should examine closely. Leigh also performs informal cross-country evaluations of these countries' programs,focusing on policies he feels merit attention. A three-level active labor market program is then proposed for the U.S.


Pension Incentives And Job Mobility, Alan L. Gustman, Thomas L. Steinmeier Jan 1995

Pension Incentives And Job Mobility, Alan L. Gustman, Thomas L. Steinmeier

Upjohn Press

Using models developed for this study which incorporate an array of behaviors generally omitted from conventional models relating backloading to turnover, Gustman and Steinmeier find that backloading plays only a slight role in explaining mobility differences associated with pension coverage. They propose that higher wages often paid at pension-covered jobs play a greater role in reducing mobility than do pensions.


Causes Of Litigation In Workers' Compensation Programs, Evangelos Mariou Falaris, Charles R. Link, Michael E. Staten Jan 1995

Causes Of Litigation In Workers' Compensation Programs, Evangelos Mariou Falaris, Charles R. Link, Michael E. Staten

Upjohn Press

By applying econometric analyses to case data from two states, Falaris, Link and Staten identify the economic incentives influencing the probability of litigation in workers' compensation cases, and the probability that a contested case is pursued to verdict.


Pathways To Change: Case Studies Of Strategic Negotiations, Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Robert B. Mckersie, Richard E. Walton Jan 1995

Pathways To Change: Case Studies Of Strategic Negotiations, Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Robert B. Mckersie, Richard E. Walton

Upjohn Press

The authors identify and analyze the strategies for change and techniques most often used in today's labor negotiations. Nearly gone, they say, is the traditional "arms length" approach used by negotiators in the past. Instead, modern collective bargaining is characterized mainly by divergent strategies the authors characterize as either "forcing" (highly contentious) or "fostering" (highly cooperative). A dozen detailed case studies from a variety of industries are presented that show when, why and how these strategies are used, by whom, and to what result. These cases clearly demonstrate the use of both forcing and fostering strategies, as well as their …


Permanent Job Loss And The U.S. System Of Financing Unemployment Insurance, Frank P.R. Brechling, Louise Laurence Jan 1995

Permanent Job Loss And The U.S. System Of Financing Unemployment Insurance, Frank P.R. Brechling, Louise Laurence

Upjohn Press

The authors reexamine the experience rating provisions in the U.S. UI system and look at its effects on both temporary layoffs and long-term permanent layoffs. For temporary layoffs, they propose a higher degree of experience rating through a restructuring of the tax code while eliminating administrative time lags between the payment of benefits and the resulting changes in taxes. Brechling and Laurence also propose experience rating as an effective means of internalizing the costs of the growing number of permanent layoffs, making the case that payroll taxes are not the ideal means of implementing experience rating in this situation. In …


Private Pension Policies In Industrialized Countries: A Comparative Analysis, John A. Turner, Noriyasu Watanabe Jan 1995

Private Pension Policies In Industrialized Countries: A Comparative Analysis, John A. Turner, Noriyasu Watanabe

Upjohn Press

In this comprehensive review of private pension systems in effect world-wide, Turner and Watanabe discuss the fundamental issues facing nations as they adopt and expand private pension systems. Specific policies in effect in several private pension systems are analyzed including those in nations dominating world pension assets (Japan, Germany, the U.K., and the U.S.), as is the country whose system is widely regarded as the model for developing nations, Chile. Turner and Watanabe also provide a compendium on the worldwide trends influencing pension systems and their implications for pension policy.