Health Economics Commons^™

Expanding Healthcare Access For The Undocumented Immigrant Community: The Heal For Immigrant Families Act Of 2023, Perla Torres Estrada

The Gettysburg Journal for Public Policy

When it comes to the topic of universal healthcare, most of us will readily agree that healthcare is a human right. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of who should be granted this right, and if it should be left to the free market to determine access and affordability. Specifically, the political debate on expanding healthcare access to undocumented immigrants in the United States revolve around concerns over costs, legality, and equity. Proponents maintain that it is a human right whereas opponents question the potential burden on taxpayers and the implication for immigration policy. The HEAL …

Should California Have Banned Red Dye 3? An Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis, Kaley Ware

Undergraduate Research Symposium

On October 7, 2023, California passed the “California Food Safety Act,” which banned four food additives including Red Dye 3. This research explores whether California made the right decision to ban Red Dye 3 based on an economic Cost-Benefit Analysis. The major costs to California as a whole include the cost to food manufacturers and the cost of implementing the legislation. On the other hand, the major benefits to California residents include the reduced risk of thyroid cancer and fewer ADHD symptoms. After monetizing these costs and benefits, this Cost-Benefit Analysis results in a net gain (net present value) of …

Recruitment Of Cxcr4+Type 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells Distinguishes Sarcoidosis From Other Skin Granulomatous Diseases, S. Sati, J. Huang, A.E. Kersh, P. Jones, O. Ahart, C. Murphy, S.M. Prouty, M.L. Hedberg, V. Jain, S.G. Gregory, Leung, Denis H. Y., J.T. Seykora, M. Rosenbach, T.H. Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan granulomatous disease that lacks diagnostic biomarkers and targeted treatments. Using blood and skin from patients with sarcoid and non-sarcoid skin granulomas, we discovered that skin granulomas from different diseases exhibit unique immune cell recruitment and molecular signatures. Sarcoid skin granulomas were specifically enriched for type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) and B cells and exhibited molecular programs associated with formation of mature tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), including increased CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling. Lung sarcoidosis granulomas also displayed similar immune cell recruitment. Thus, granuloma formation was not a generic molecular response. In addition to tissue-specific effects, patients with sarcoidosis …

The Importance Of Sampling Frequency For Estimates Of Well-Being Dynamics, Stephen James Hoskins, David W. Johnston, Johannes S. Kunz, Michael A. Shields, Kevin E. Staub

ROSA Journal Articles and Publications

Using a high-frequency panel survey, we examine the sensitivity of estimated self-reported well-being (SWB) dynamics to using monthly, quarterly, and yearly data. This is an important issue if SWB is to be used to evaluate policy. Results from autoregressive models that account for individual-level heterogeneity indicate that the estimated persistence using yearly data is near zero. However, estimated persistence from monthly and quarterly data is substantial. We estimate that persistence to shocks typically lasts around six months and has a net present value of 75–80 per cent of the contemporaneous effect. Estimates are similar for different domains of SWB.

Contents Of Vol. 31, No.2, August 2024, Dr. Yuniardini Septorini Septorini Wimardhani

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

This is the Cover and the Contents of the Vol. 31 No. 2 2024

Comparative Evaluation Of Tooth Enamel Surface Microhardness Exposed To Novel Modified Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Apf Gel And Gc Tooth Mousse, P Rahmath Meeral, Indumathy Pandiyan, Meignana Arumugham

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The acidic pH of remineralizing agents is beneficial in etching the enamel to facilitate increased remineralization. This study aims to modify the pH of Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium phosphate to acidic and evaluate the enamel surface microhardness exposed to acidified CPP ACPF, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF gel), and conventional CPP ACPF. Methods: The pH of conventional CPP ACPF (GC Tooth Mousse) is acidified. 24 tooth samples were assigned into three groups receiving as follows: Group 1 (n = 8) acidified CPP ACPF, Group 2 (n = 8) APF gel, and Group 3 (n = 8) CPP ACPF for four …

Esthetic Management Of Maxillary Anteriors With Complicated And Uncomplicated Fractures Using Different Fragment Reattachment Approaches, Lavanya A, Rajendra Kumar Tewari, Sharique Alam

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Appropriate management of anterior tooth fracture restores the function and aesthetics and provides a positive psychological impact for the patient. One of the most conservative approaches for such a restoration is reattachment; if a fracture fragment remains attached to the tooth and is available, as in young patients, immediate reporting helps preserve the vitality and long-term defense mechanism. Objective: This case report provides two cases with varied approaches for the management of complicated and uncomplicated crown fractures using reattachment procedures. Case report: During the clinical examination, the first case described the management of an uncomplicated fracture using the …

Assessment Of Mandibular Incisive Canal And Anterior Loop In Cone Beam Computed Tomography In Vietnamese Mature Patients: A Retrospective Study, Anh Kha Le, Thao Phuong Tran, Tra Thu Nguyen, Loc Nguyen Gia Pham, Trung Thanh Nguyen, Viet Hoang Do

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: This study aimed to assess the anatomical length of the mandibular incisive canal and anterior loop and the distance to surrounding structures. Methods: Our study was conducted on 70 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) films of 70 Vietnamese adult outpatients (40 females, 30 males) at Hanoi Medical University, Vietnam. T-test was applied to assess the difference between the two sides and genders. Results: The mean length of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) was 12.83 ± 5.13 mm. The anterior loop (AL) prevalence was 62.86%, with an average length of 2.37 ± 0.90 mm. The difference between the right and …

Unraveling The Multilevel Dynamics Of Water, Sanitation, And Child Anthropometry In Indonesia, Rifa Kirana, Ahmad Komarulzaman

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Anthropometrics, reflecting nutritional status, growth, and development, are crucial elements that can predict a person’s health and well-being. However, low anthropometric measures among children under 5 years remain a significant issue in Indonesia, often influenced by various factors at the household and community levels. Access to clean water and adequate sanitation has been identified as major determinants of these adverse health outcomes. This study analyzes the relationship between anthropometric measures and access to water and sanitation at household and community levels using a multilevel analysis approach.

Methods: The study employs cross-sectional data from the Indonesian Family Life …

Role Of Titanium-Reinforced Platelet-Rich Fibrin In Periodontal Tissue Regeneration-A Systematic Review, Bhavya Manchala, Anurag Teju, Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Gautami S Penmetsa, Sruthima Gottumukkala, Venkata Lakshmi

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The objective of the study is to demonstrate the efficacy of Titanium reinforced platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) as the sole biomaterial amongst the biologics in periodontal regeneration of both soft and hard tissues. Methods: A PUBMED database search is conducted from August 2013 to August 2023. Only original articles, including Randomized controlled clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, prospective studies, and case-control studies, were included. The studies will be analyzed regarding the outcome of the association between T-PRF and periodontal regeneration of both hard and soft tissue. Results: From 35 articles identified, 8 RCTs were included. The use of …

Exploring The Impact Of Weekly Farmers’ Market In The City Of Carson, Ca In Promoting Equitable Access To Locally Grown Fruits And Vegetables, Daisy Lopez Valdez M.P.H.

Master's Projects and Capstones

Despite their many benefits to the community, farmers’ markets suffer from several important limitations. This paper will provide guidance on practices and interventions that can improve the effectiveness of the local Carson, California farmers’ market, known as the South Bay Pavilion Farmer’s Market, in increasing equitable access to and consumption of locally grown fruits and vegetables with the goal of reducing obesity and diabetes rates among residents.

The needs and assets assessment developed will evaluate the success of the City of Carson South Bay Pavilion Farmers’ Market and provide recommendations based on the findings. The proposed research will follow an …

Clinical Implementation Of Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion: Addressing Market Access Challenges, Morgan Lorio, Pierce Nunley, Joshua Heller, Bruce Mccormack, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Jon Block

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Background: The traditional open midline posterior cervical spine fusion procedure has several shortcomings. It can cause soft tissue damage, muscle atrophy, compromise of the lateral masses and painful prominent posterior cervical instrumentation or spinous process if there is dehiscence of the fascia. Additionally, patients frequently experience the rapid development of adjacent segment disease, which can result in the reemergence of debilitating pain and functional impairment. Clinical relevance: Tissue-sparing posterior cervical fusion is an alternative method for treating patients with symptomatic cervical degenerative disc disease. However, widespread clinical adoption has been challenged by ambiguity, misunderstandings and misinterpretations regarding appropriate procedural reimbursement …

Essays On Aging, Health, And Labor Market, Lanjie Wang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This dissertation consists of four chapters on aging, health, and labor economics.

In the first chapter, we investigate the short-term impacts of unemployment on older workers in Singapore, a setting without public unemployment insurance. Using monthly panel data, we analyze dynamic impacts on income, spending, health, and subjective well-being over two years post-unemployment. We find substantial initial earnings losses with incomplete recovery, with income remaining 46.5% below pre-unemployment levels after 24 months. Despite this persistent income gap, consumption responses are modest and comparable to countries with strong social safety nets, suggesting robust self-insurance mechanisms. We observe increased retirement among married …

Pemanfaatan Tik Dan Akses Terhadap Kebutuhan Kb Yang Tidak Terpenuhi, Maghfirah Maghfirah, Omas Bulan Samosir, Triasih Djutaharta

Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

The achievement of unmet need for family planning in the last two years has decreased from 14,7 percent in 2022 to 11,5 percent in 2023. However, that rate is still high because 2024 RPJMN target of unmet need for FP in Indonesia is 7,4 percent. The policies made by the government to reduce unmet need for FP are utilizing ICT and improving access to family planning services. Thus, this research aims to study the relationship between utilizing ICT and access with unmet need for FP in Indonesia. Based on data from 2017 IDHS, the analytical method used in this research …

Where Did Young Workers Go? The Increase Of Youth Neet In Indonesia During Pandemic, Fx Gugus Febri Putranto, Devanto Shasta Pratomo, M. Pudjihardjo

Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

The transition of young workers to youth Not in Employment, Education, and Training (NEET) is part of the problems of employment and welfare of the Indonesian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the 2019 and 2020 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) data, this study aims to explain the characteristics and determinants of young workers transitioning to unemployed and inactive NEET compared to remaining employed using multinomial logistic regression, in all and gender model. Most of the young workers who are transitioning into youth NEET are concentrated in Java. Gender, education, digitalization, internet, skills, employment status, …

Maternal Decision Making And Children’S Nutritional Status: Evidence From Indonesia, Nadia Roswita, Teguh Dartanto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

Indonesia is encountering consecutive health problems caused by malnutrition. The latter poses long-term effects on children’s development. As this issue continue its prominence, using linear regression and binary logistic with time lag to analyze data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and 2014 shall support the analysis of issue. Previous results from the models indicated that maternal decision-making in their share of food expenditure has a weak correlation for stunted children's experience. However, this study revealed different results. It suggested that involvement in from men in nutritional knowledge, skills, and financial backing to advance women's roles contributes to …

Pengaruh Orang Tua, Keluarga, Dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Perilaku Merokok Remaja, Nurul Hidayati, Dwini Arianto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

The high prevalence of teenage smoking in Indonesia is a serious problem. This study aims to analyze the influence of the smoking behavior of close individuals to teenagers, including parents, family, and social environment, on the smoking behavior of teenagers in Indonesia. Using the National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) 2021 Data, with a sample of 187,277 adolescent individuals. The results of this study indicate that the smoking behavior of parents, family, and a smoking environment has a significant positive influence on teenage smoking behavior. Parents who smoke increase the likelihood of teenagers smoking by 1.61 times, while smoking family members also …

Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program Draft Guidance, Fred Ledley M.D., Edward Zhou Pharmd, Paula Chaves Da Silva Ph.D.

CISI Publication

This comment focuses on Section 50.1, provisions 1 & 3 of the draft guidance regarding the negotiation of a “maximum fair price” under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), research and development (R&D) costs of the primary manufacturer, and prior federal financial support for novel therapeutic discovery and development. Specifically, we argue that a negotiated, “maximum fair price” must consider both public sector (federal) and private sector (manufacturer) investments and provide returns to both commensurate with the scale and risk of their investments. This comment addresses three issues and makes specific recommendations regarding each:

1. In negotiating a “maximum fair price,” both …

Health Insurance And The Rise Of Women: Evidence From The New Cooperative Medical Scheme, Xingyu Bai

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Females are traditionally viewed as the primary providers of informal parental care in China, especially in rural areas. We investigate whether health insurance coverage in rural China, the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), can unleash more female labor force participation by reducing the burden of informal parental care. Employing a heterogeneity-robust difference-in-differences estimation, we find that the NCMS has a significant positive impact on female labor supply, primarily in non-farm occupations. In contrast, we observe no significant changes in male labor supply. We explore the mechanism by showing that the NCMS significantly decreases both the provision and demand for parental …

Hiv Estimation Using Population-Based Surveys With Non-Response: A Partial Identification Approach, Oyelola A. Adegboye, Tomoki Fujii, Denis H. Y. Leung, Siyu Li

Research Collection School Of Economics

HIV estimation using data from the demographic and health surveys (DHS) is limited by the presence of non-response and test refusals. Conventional adjustments such as imputation require the data to be missing at random. Methods that use instrumental variables allow the possibility that prevalence is different between the respondents and non-respondents, but their performance depends critically on the validity of the instrument. Using Manski's partial identification approach, we form instrumental variable bounds for HIV prevalence from a pool of candidate instruments. Our method does not require all candidate instruments to be valid. We use a simulation study to evaluate and …

Effect Of Catastrophic Medical Insurance On Healthcare Service Utilization And Quality, Ruiqi Ding

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

China implemented catastrophic medical insurance (CMI) program to provide additional reimbursement for individuals requiring extensive healthcare services due to severe illnesses. This study empirically assesses the impact of the CMI program on the healthcare utilization and quality of care for severely ill patients, using medical insurance claim data from 2012 to 2018 in a capital city in China. The analysis yields the following conclusions: First, CMI decreased the medical expenditure of severe patients, but it had no impact on alleviating the financial burden. Second, CMI curbed abuse and saved medical resources, and in the meantime, it increased the use of …

Determinan Belanja Kesehatan Rumah Tangga Di Pulau Jawa Menggunakan Geographically Weighted Regression, Yaulanda Fadhila, Nucke Widowati Kusumo Projo

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The success of a country’s health development is marked by achieving fair access to healthcare and protecting the population from financial risks of health. Household spending on healthcare, or out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses, in Indonesia, remains far above the ideal limit set by the WHO. There is a noticeable disparity in OOP health expenditures across provinces in Indonesia. The five provinces with the highest per capita OOP expenses are on Java island. This high per capita OOP spending on Java indicates potential issues with access to healthcare services and financial protection in this region. This study aims to identify factors influencing …

Dampak Program Bantuan Sosial Sebagai Intervensi Gizi Sensitif Terhadap Status Stunting Pada Balita, Nasa Milta Sahara, Dwini Arianto, Mahar Santoso

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Stunting is a significant issue for nations, affecting both public health and economic development. It results from a combination of direct and indirect causes. The government addresses stunting through specific nutritional interventions targeting direct causes and sensitive nutritional interventions for indirect causes. Given the strong link between stunting and poverty, social assistance programs (BANSOS) such as the Family Hope Program (PKH) and Rice for the Poor (RASKIN) are crucial in combating stunting by improving socioeconomic conditions. This study analyzes the impact of these social assistance programs on stunting in children under five, using data from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesian …

Analisis Penerapan Activity-Based Costing Tindakan Debridemen Bedah Pada Diagnosis Tunggal Di Kamar Operasi Rskd Duren Sawit Tahun 2022, Reynaldi Fattah Zakaria, Mardiati Nadjib

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

In 2022, RSKD Duren Sawit has officially held operating room services. The demand for more comprehensive operating room services increased rapidly. The temporary operating room rates were set by adapting the rates of other regional hospitals and the Governor of DKI Jakarta's regulations. There is a huge difference in costs between the hospital rates and the INA-CBGs claim rates, especially for surgical debridement performed in the operating room. One of the factors causing the difference is the undetermined cost for debridement based on the unit cost component. Knowing the unit-cost debridement in the operating room according to the cost per …

Analisis Klaim Rawat Inap Rsud Kebayoran Baru November 2022 – April 2023: Pendekatan Sistem, May Rabiulyati, Atik Nurwahyuni, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Hospitals receive payments through claim submissions with complete documents to the Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) Health. However, not all inpatient claims have been submitted to BPJS Health, and there are still 16.97% pending inpatient claims. In claims that are not approved, claims can be resubmitted, but time constraints for the claim process have resulted in 2.64% of inpatient cases in 2022 not resubmitted. Qualitative research through in-depth interviews with 15 respondents aims to analyze the management of inpatient claims for BPJS Kesehatan Kebayoran Baru Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023. The study results showed that not all printed …

Analisis Pembiayaan Berdasarkan Lama Rawat Pasien Bpjs Diabetes Melitus Tipe Ii Komplikasi Sirkulasi Perifer Di Rsu Pku Muhammadiyah Bantul, Firman Firman, Kartika Lestari

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Length of stay (LOS) can increase hospital rates and become a cost issue for patients, potentially resulting in a discrepancy between hospital rates and INA-CBGs rates at the hospital. This study aims to determine the difference between the actual costs and BPJS claim costs for diabetic patients based on the length of stay and class level. The research method is observational with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used retrospective medical record data from 50 patients. The results showed that the largest average difference between hospital costs and BPJS claim costs was for patients with a length of stay …

Assessing The Impact Of Tuberculosis On Economic Growth In Asean Countries: A Conceptual Framework And Panel Data Analysis, Agus Fitriangga, Alex Alex

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, particularly in Southeast Asia, where its impact extends beyond public health to affect economic performance. This study evaluates the economic implications of TB incidence on gross domestic product (GDP) growth across eight ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2020. We employed a panel data regression approach, utilizing Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), and Random Effects Model (REM) to analyze the relationship between TB incidence and economic growth. The dataset included annual GDP figures, TB incidence rates, foreign direct investment (FDI), labor force size, and trade openness, sourced from international databases. …

Essays In Applied Microeconomics, Ege Aksu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation consists of two chapters that investigate the effect of public health policies on health outcomes.

The first chapter evaluates the impact of the extensive health care reforms enacted between 2003–2013 under the Health Transformation Program (HTP) in Turkey on maternal and infant health outcomes for the poor. By focusing on a specific insurance program (Green Card) expansion that was a part of HTP, I explore changes in infant survival, fertility, and children’s vaccination status. Before 2004, all public health insurance beneficiaries (the control group) were covered for outpatient services, including prenatal and postnatal doctor visits, gestational diabetes screenings, …

Unveiling The Impact Of Jkn: Easing Financial Burdens For Pregnant Women In Indonesia, Januar Sulaeman, Riatu Mariatul Qibthiyyah

Economics and Finance in Indonesia

Indonesia’s maternal mortality rate is the second highest in the ASEAN, partly due to financial barriers preventing adequate care during pregnancy and childbirth. The National Health Insurance (JKN) scheme, which is the embodiment of universal health coverage (UHC), was designed by the Indonesian government to reduce the financial risk of its participants. However, its impact on out-of-pocket health spending for pregnant women is under-researched. Using propensity score matching (PSM) and 2019 SUSENAS data, this study found that JKN membership significantly reduced out-of-pocket health spending for pregnant women—especially in eastern Indonesia, where poverty and healthcare access represent critical issues.

Weight Misperceptions And Health Management Via Information Nudges, Lanjie Wang, Xuan Zhang, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

Being overweight or obese is a serious public health problem. Misperception of one's own weight status and inertia are major obstacles to weight control. To overcome these two problems, we conduct a randomized controlled trial in which participants are presented with the correct weight category based on their body mass index to remove any weight misperception, and then given six biweekly reminders about healthy diet and physical activity via SMS/email. We find that our intervention reduces individuals’ weight misperception and encourages healthier dietary choices. However, it has little impact on their physical activity. We further show that people who were …