Economics Commons^™

Part 1: Covid-19 And The Commonwealth, Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University

State of the Commonwealth Reports

In January 2020, Virginia was focused on the continuing economic expansion and shortages of skilled labor in many areas of the Commonwealth. Now, as 2020 draws to a close, we face the prospects of a hard winter and a slow recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine the impact of COVID-19 on Virginia and discuss how the pandemic has disproportionately impacted our Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino residents.

The Residential Location Choices Of Chabad Households: An Analysis Of Decision Making With Non-Price Constraints, Chasity A. Mcfadden

Honors Theses

Where an individual chooses to live informs many of their economic decisions and may be the single largest economic decision one makes in their lives. Through understanding the way that people choose their residential locations, we are able to better understand the opportunities available to them. Within the Chabad community, there is a large focus on emissary work, which calls Chabad Jews to move outside of large Jewish communities in order to help secular Jews become more religious. There are also certain religious amenities that are necessary to live a Chabad life, such as a local synagogue. So the question …

After School Programs And Their Effect On Children's Well-Being, John Steenrod

Honors Theses

As female labor force participation has gone up, families have turned more and more towards after school programs to provide adult supervision for their children, especially in low income areas. This paper utilizes longitudinal household data to examine the effect of these after school programs on noncognitive outcomes in children, and, in particular, follows the early education literature in using within-family comparisons for identification. I find that children who participate in after school programs are less likely to be depressed, and are more likely to have a high degree of emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Generally, participation is associated in …

Impacts Of A Movie's Rivals' Releasing Decisions On Its Domestic Box Office Revenue, Yuanyuan Dong

Honors Theses

This paper uses the OLS regression model to investigate and quantify the competition effects in the film industry, aiming to help film distributors in the making releasing decision. To do so, I define the movies that release within the same week as rivals and use the rivals’ characteristics variables to capture the competition effects. The regression results show that a movie’s rivals’ total production budgets and the number of opening weekend’s theater have significantly negative impacts on this movie’s box office revenue. After adding control variables and indicator variables for seasonality, the competition effects become less obvious with less precision. …

Effects Of Exposure To Chinese Imports On School Spending And Revenue From Property Tax, Yilei Bao

Honors Theses

I analyze the effect of exposure to Chinese import competition on school revenues per student from property tax, from local sources, and school expenditures per student in 676 Commuting Zones (CZ) from 1990 to 2007. I discover a negative relationship on the CZ level between exposure per worker to Chinese import competition and school expenditure per student, as well as school revenue per student from local sources. In contrast, impact on school revenue per student from property tax is not statistically significant. On average, in a given period, an increase of 1000 dollars in import exposure is related to a …

Naloxone Access And Opioid Use: A Theoretical Analysis, Caroline Dunsby

Honors Theses

Naloxone, commonly known by the brand name Narcan, is a medication that reverses the potentially fatal effects of an opioid overdose. Amidst the opioid epidemic that has taken tens of thousands of lives each year, many policies have been enacted to increase the public's access to naloxone, allowing non-medical personnel to save lives. There have been two distinct reactions to these policies. Those that support the policies state that harm reduction measures are necessary to save lives. Those that oppose the policies claim that by providing naloxone, states may be increasing risky opioid use - suggesting that naloxone leads to …

Diversity, Bias, And Student Outcomes, Amanda J. Schmidt

Honors Theses

This paper examines how racially-motivated bias incidents relate to college students’ academic outcomes, and how this relationship differs across race. There is evidence that students’ academic outcomes are negatively impacted by bias, particularly among marginalized groups. This could have severe impacts on equality, overall student success, and future outcomes. I use Colby College student-level data to analyze the effects of bias incidents on both changes in individuals’ GPAs, and differences in probability of retention across individuals. I analyze the effects of one severe bias incident in the Spring of 2009, and the effects of several bias incidents which occurred over …

Forecasting The Thailand Housing Price Indexa Case Study On Condo Hpi During The Covid-19, Pengfei Chen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

HPI (house price index) measures the price development of houses sold to households. And it measures the price as a percentage change from some specific start date, which is treated as the benchmark with the index at 100. In another word, HPI reflects the housing market fluctuation in some respects. Moreover, real estate is a good type of investment for people for avoiding various risks. Hence, under the global rampant of COVID-19, forecasting the possible short-term floating of HPI would offer some foresight to the residential market both on individual and policy sides. In this paper, five kinds of models …

Influence Of Online Shopping Channel On Sales Volume Of Beauty Products During Covid-19, Vichayada Vorapongpisut

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Increasing numbers of online shopping users during COVID-19 have accelerated the growth of e-commerce, especially in the beauty sector in Thailand. The Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) are combined in this study to produce an integrated model that predicts beauty product online sales, measured by a behavioral usage of online shopping for the purchase of beauty products in the context of COVID-19. The total number of respondents from the online survey is from 365 online beauty shoppers in Bangkok, aged 16 and above. By conducting a multiple linear regression analysis, the empirical results support …

Logistics Management In Retail Field Of Thailand- Big C Supercenter As A Case Study, Yiqin Zhang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) as the common extension of JIT in supply chain management, which intends to manage the integrated supply chain and create product in fluent way via the supply chain between retail and supplier by new technology to meet consumer satisfaction efficiently with lower cost. According to the ECR theory, it shows that ECR Model contains four main pillars including assortment, promotion, replenishment, and new product introduction. On basis of ECR Thailand, retail needs to collaborate with suppliers through new technology and information share when catering to satisfy customer at lower cost. Moreover, this paper uses ECR theories …

Does The Big Card Encourage Members To Be Loyal To Boost Sales Of Big C?, Rui Fang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nowadays, the competition in the sales market has become increasingly fierce. How to retain old customers, develop new customers and use membership card marketing strategies to stimulate consumers' shopping frequency and enhance their single purchase ability has become the key points of industry company marketing. This report uses qualitative analysis to collect the BJC Group’s annual reports and financial report for the past three years, and conducts in-depth analysis based on the relevant academic views of the predecessors. Big C is a complete retail shopping mall with all shopping channels, and its branches cover traditional shops and online stores across …

Quick Or Cheap? Breaking Points In Dynamic Markets, Panayotis Mertikopoulos, Heinrich H. Nax, Bary S.R. Pradelski

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We examine two-sided markets where players arrive stochastically over time and are drawn from a continuum of types. The cost of matching a client and provider varies, so a social planner is faced with two contending objectives: a) to reduce players’ waiting time before getting matched; and b) to form efficient pairs in order to reduce matching costs. We show that such markets are characterized by a quick or cheap dilemma: Under a large class of distributional assumptions, there is no `free lunch’, i.e., there exists no clearing schedule that is simultaneously optimal along both objectives. We further identify a …

What Happens When Cross-Sector Partnerships Are Mandated? Analyzing Trust Through A Transaction Cost Approach, Vanessa Hubbard Rastberger Dr

Theses and Dissertations

Cross-sector partnerships that combine the perspectives and needs of public, private, and nonprofit sectors have been used to address public policy challenges. Research has shown that trust and reputation among partners play an important role in the performance of partnerships. Trust has been positively associated with the reduction of transaction costs of partnerships, and therefore, this study used a Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) approach as the theoretical framework.

Some partnerships are volitional while others are the results of legal or other mandates. Does this volitional or non-volitional (mandated) status affect how collaboration is perceived? For instance, will collaboration and trust …

Oregon Manufacturing Extension Partnership: Economic Impact Analysis -- January 2020 Update, Emma Willingham, Hoang The Nguyen, Katelyn Kelley, Northwest Economic Research Center

Northwest Economic Research Center Publications and Reports

The Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), founded in 1988, is a network of non-profit agencies staffed by industry professionals and consultants. Historically, MEP has sought to increase the competitiveness of small to mid-size enterprises (which as a group comprise 99% of all U.S. manufacturing firms) by providing expert guidance and access to resources. In recent years, the severe economic recession sparked increased interest in the strength of the manufacturing sector, due to its longtime status as one of the major drivers of the domestic economy. Oregon Manufacturing Extension Partnership (OMEP), the Oregon branch of MEP, works to provide data-driven analysis …

Spatial Distribution Of Supply And The Role Of Market Thickness: Theory And Evidence From Ride Sharing, Soheil Ghili, Vineet Kumar

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper develops a strategy with simple implementation and limited data requirements to identify spatial distortion of supply from demand -or, equivalently, unequal access to supply among regions- in transportation markets. We apply our method to ride-level, multi-platform data from New York City (NYC) and show that for smaller rideshare platforms, supply tends to be disproportionately concentrated in more densely populated areas. We also develop a theoretical model to argue that a smaller platform size, all else being equal, distorts the supply of drivers toward more densely populated areas due to network effects. Motivated by this, we estimate a minimum …

What Is Socialism Today? Conceptions Of A Cooperative Economy, John E. Roemer

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Socialism is back on the political agenda in the United States. Politicians and some economists who identify as socialists, however, do not discuss property relations, a topic that was central in the intellectual history of socialism, but rather limit themselves to advocacy of economic reforms, funded through taxation, that would tilt the income distribution in favor of the disadvantaged in society. In the absence of a more precise discussion of property relations, the presumption must be that ownership of firms would remain private or corporate with privately owned shares. This formula is identified with the Nordic and other western European …

The Welfare Effects Of Long-Term Health Insurance Contracts, Soheil Ghili, Ben Handel, Igal Hendel, Michael D. Whinston

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Reclassification risk is a major concern in health insurance where contracts are typically one year in length but health shocks often persist for much longer. We use rich individual-level medical information from the Utah all-payer claims database to empirically study one possible solution: long-term insurance contracts. We characterize optimal long-term contracts with one-sided commitment theoretically, derive the contracts that are optimal for consumers in Utah, and assess the welfare level that a full implementation of these contracts could achieve relative to several key benchmarks. We find that dynamic contracts perform very well for the majority of the population, for example, …

Household Portfolios And Financial Preparedness For Retirement, Rowena Crawford, Cormac O'Dea

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Using a lifecycle model of consumption, saving and portfolio choice combined with linked survey and administrative data on wealth and lifetime earnings we evaluate measures of retirement preparedness. We estimate heterogeneous discount factors for households and compare the estimates of their patience to their replacement rates { the simple measure of- ten used to evaluate the adequacy of retirement savings. We find first that the specification of the model’s asset structure matters quantitatively for preference parameter estimates { households appear to be much more patient when they are assumed to have access only to a risk-free asset compared to when …

The Plight Of An Indian Woman: Role Of Gender And Caste In Determining Land Owning Capacity In India, Grishma Bhattarai

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In India, gender gap in the ownership and control of property significantly contributes to the gender gap in all other aspects of a woman’s life including her physical and emotional well-being, economic autonomy, social status, and her empowerment. Studying property and land rights is a good stepping stone in understanding the paradigm of gender equality in India. In terms of land property in an agrarian country like India, it is particularly ironic given that agriculture is a woman’s occupation, however, land occupation is still tipped in the male population’s favor. Caste subjugates this disparity further. Despite progressive acts and rights …

Modern Monetary Theory, Tristan Rabbitt

Economics Honors Papers

No abstract provided.

Understanding Pharmaceutical Pricing In The United States, Ashley Howe

Economics Honors Papers

The issue of high drug prices in the United States is something that could go on forever due to the industry’s profit maximizing design. Given the current time with the COVID-19 pandemic, many changes will be made to what Americans have considered a “normal lifestyle” for the past century. This will involve policy changes across many industries to keep Americans safe throughout the duration of this disease, and through any other virus to come. Hopefully, significant changes will be made in the pharmaceutical industry. This industry is unlike any other industry in the world, as all major players: hospitals, insurance …

The Impact Of Imports From China On African Textile Exports:, Yong He

Journal of African Trade

No abstract provided.

Agricultural Imports, Agriculture Productivity And Economic Growth In Sub-Saharan Africa:, Esther N. Mwangi, Fuzhong Chen, Daniel M. Njoroge

Journal of African Trade

No abstract provided.

Regional Integration And Growth Spillovers: Is Africa An Economic Space?:, Abdoulaye Seck, Founty Alassane Fall, Khadidiatou Aidara

Journal of African Trade

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing Adoption And Adoption Intensity Of Precision Agriculture Technologies In South Dakota, Md Mahi Uddin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Precision agriculture can play an important role in preserving the environment and improving the economic conditions of agricultural producers. This thesis analyzes the determinants of adoption and adoption intensity of precision agriculture technologies in South Dakota. This analysis uses survey data collected from 199 farms distributed over 28 different counties in South Dakota, accounting for approximately 500,000 acres of tillable agricultural land, to (1) discover the factors impacting precision technology adoption; (2) compare and contrast several characteristics among adopters and non-adopters; and (3) develop probit, count, and negative binomial models to determine the significance of explanatory variables impacting precision technology …

Parents’ Perceived Financial Behaviors Impact On College Students’ Financial Behaviors, Naomi Saxon

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between traditional-aged college students and their parents perceived financial behaviors. It utilized Dew and Xiao’s Financial Management Behavior Scale (FMBS) (2011). Past research indicated that there is a positive impact between a parent’s involvement in students’ academic endeavors, however little research explored the relationship between their impact on a young adults’ financial behaviors. Students’ were asked a series of questions from the FMBS rating their actual financial behaviors. These results were compared to their perception of their parent’s financial behaviors in the following categories: money management, credit management, savings management, …

0861: J. Q. Dickinson And Company Records, 1905-1996, Marshall University Special Collections

Guides to Manuscript Collections

This collection has been divided into three series: Time Logs and Material Production Records, Financial and Transactional Business Records, and Business and Personal Files. Time Logs and Material Production Records include time logs for workers, including tasks completed and rate of pay for both salt, natural gas, and chemical production, as well as production records and statistics for both natural gas and salt. Financial and Transactional Business Records include documents related to the sale of salt, chemicals, coal, and other materials or the purchase of materials by J. Q. Dickinson and Company. Business and Personal Files are divided by client …

Unconditional Quantile Regression Analysis Of Uk Inbound Tourist Expenditures, Abhijit Sharma, Richard Woodward, Stefano Grillini

Articles

Using International Passenger Survey (2017) data, this paper employs unconditional quantile regression (UQR) to analyse the determinants of tourist expenditure amongst inbound tourists to the United Kingdom. UQR allows us to estimate heterogeneous effects at any quantile of the distribution of the dependent variable. It overcomes the econometric limitations of ordinary least squares and quantile regression based estimates typically used to investigate tourism expenditures. However, our results reveal that the effects of our explanatory variables change across the distribution of tourist expenditure. This has important implications for those tasked with devising policies to enhance the UK’s tourist flows and expenditures.

An Analysis Of Excise Taxes On Wine In The United States, William A. Saunders

Honors Theses and Capstones

Excise taxes are a form of tax that are applied specifically to certain goods, and are charged by the wholesaler to the retailer; they are then usually passed onto the consumer through price increases. Throughout the history of the United States, this form of taxation has transformed and taken on a variety of different roles before arriving at its modern role; a tool to implement certain tax systems, such as the Pigovian system, as well as to influence consumer behavior. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the purpose of excise taxes on wine within the United States by …

Examining A Dynamic Leadership Approach That Influences Job Satisfaction In Dynamic And Stable Environments, Francois Kammoe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Effectively managing the turnover of qualified staff has become a major challenge for managers. In this dynamic business era, companies in various industries experience an annual staff turnover rate of at least 10%. Scholars have linked employee turnover to job dissatisfaction and inadequate leadership styles. A quantitative non-experimental correlation study was conducted to examine the relationship between servant, transactional, and transformational leadership styles and employee job satisfaction as well as the moderating and mediating mechanisms in which this relationship occurs. The theoretical framework for this study included Harber and McMaster's dynamic leadership approach, the adaptable emphasis leadership model by Staats, …