Economics Commons^™

Cracks In The Melting Pot: Immigration, School Choice, And Segregation, Elizabeth U U. Cascio, Ethan G. Lewis

Dartmouth Scholarship

We examine whether low-skilled immigration to the United States has contributed to immigrants' residential isolation by reducing native demand for public schools. We address endogeneity in school demographics using established Mexican settlement patterns in California and use a comparison group to account for immigration's broader effects. We estimate that between 1970 and 2000, the average California school district lost more than 14 non-Hispanic households with children to other districts in its metropolitan area for every 10 additional households enrolling low-English Hispanics in its public schools. By disproportionately isolating children, the native reaction to immigration may have longer-run consequences than previously …

المعايير المحاسبية العراقية ومدى توافقها مع المعايير المحاسبية الدولية على تطوير الممارسات المحاسبية في العراق – دراسة مقارنة للتوفيق بين المعايير, ميادة جعفر ناجي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تكشف الدراسة الحالية متطلبات التوافق والتطبيق بين معايير المحاسبة الدولية ومعايير المحاسبة العراقية في ظل الظروف البيئية الدولية والعراقية من خلال (أجراء دراسة مقارنة )، لتقريب وتوضيح وجهات النظر ولتحقيق التوافق بينهما، وهنا برز هدف الدراسة للكشف عن ما توصلت إليه المعايير الدولية من تطوير للأداء والممارسات المحاسبية , ومن ثم عكس تجربة البيئة الدولية ومحاولة تطبيقها في البيئة العراقية بقصد تقليل أو سد الفجوة بين متطلبات تطبيق المعايير الدولية والعراقية من اجل إيجاد ممارسات محاسبية تتوافق مع تلك الدولة لتوحيد اللغة المحاسبية وإضفاء الوضوح والموثوقية والمصداقية على تلك التطبيقات ،وضرورة الأخذ بمتطلبات التوافق والتطبيق مع البيئة الدولية وهذا أهم …

The Role Of Family Resources In The Determination Of Child Outcomes, Tengzhen Wang

All Theses

This thesis studies the role of family resources in the determination of child outcomes, specifically the degree to which family resources affect the child's years of schooling and future income. By analyzing data from the NELS (National Educational Longitudinal Study), it is found that children from families with greater financial resources typically attend school longer and earn more money than children from families with less financial resources. Child personal ability is also found to affect schooling and personal earnings.

Determinants Of Odi From China And Other Emerging Economies: Evidence From New Miro-Level Dataset, Leiyin Zhu

All Theses

As a former major recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI), China is now turning into a big source. Studies have made great attempts to characterize China's outward FDI (ODI), and have explained the forces behind investment decisions. In our study, we first try to illustrate China's outward investment pattern with a background of BRIC countries in terms of sectorial and geographical distribution. Furthermore, by adopting a micro-level dataset, we are going to show a different picture of what has driven China to conduct ODI in host countries in comparison with Russia within the same framework. Our ultimate goal is to …

Regulation Of Intellectual Property And Contract Structure, Ouida Black

All Theses

This paper seeks to address the newest issue arising between songwriters and their record companies in the music industry which is the underpayment of royalties. This paper will seek to answer if with more and more artists and songwriters suing for compensation due to underpayment of royalties, will artists lose the incentive to create new music and eventually decrease overall production? Clearly defining and regulating intellectual property and the use and efficiency of contracts will be topics for discussion. After testing my hypothesis, some results show no decrease, whereas, other results report some decrease in record company and songwriter incentives …

Intraday Volatility Effect Of The Etf Redemption Process On The Underlying Basket Of Stocks, Daniel Medlen

All Theses

Since their introduction in the mid 1990's, ETFs have grown rapidly in number and diversified into various markets. In addition they have evolved to become increasingly more complex. While there has been some research in the area of these instruments, most of it has focused on their performance and little in regards to the possible effects they may have on the broader market. The redemption mechanism that is built into most ETFs is a unique aspect of these securities that may have unintended effects on markets due to large volume of securities changing hands. This study shows that as the …

Demand For Food In Ecuador And The United States: Evidence From Household-Level Survey Data, Cesar Emilio Castellon Chicas

All Theses

This thesis consists of two essays focused on the estimation of food demand models from household-level data. The first essay examines the approach developed by Lewbel (1989) for the construction of household level commodity price indices (Stone-Lewbel prices) which can be used for the estimation of price effects in demand models. Stone-Lewbel prices are constructed using information on budget shares and Consumer Price Indices (CPIs) of the goods comprising the commodity groups. We consider three alternative CPIs for the construction of the Stone-Lewbel prices: monthly, quarterly and a constant (unity) price index (by a unity CPI we meant that all …

The Geographical Dimension Of The Development Effects Of Natural Resources, Abdur Chowdhury, Fabrizio Carmignani

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

We study the contribution of natural resource intensity to long-term development along different dimensions: per-capita income, institutional quality, and education. We allow natural resources to affect these dimensions differently in different regions of the world. The evidence suggests that natural resources are generally a positive driver of development, but in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) their contribution is almost negligible, if not even negative. We explain these cross-regional differences with the fact that in SSA more than anywhere else large resource endowments are combined with a particularly bad disease environment. Some historical evidence and formal econometric results support this hypothesis.

Developments In The Global Energy Markets And Constructing The Future Of The Persian Gulf Security, Nihat Cengel

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This study analyses the global energy projections and regional dynamics in the Persian Gulf. It is shown that the future projections in the world energy markets signify the importance of cooperation between developed and developing countries. It is also suggested that connected to the global economic crises and the regional demand change in the energy market, there is a growing need for international support to the Persian Gulf security.

I argue that the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) could play a crucial role for eliminating political conflicts and maintaining the regional stability. As a result, collective arm transfer to the region, …

Socio-Economic Determinants Of Out-Of-Pocket Payments On Healthcare In Pakistan, Ashar Muhammad Malik, Syed Iqbal Azam Shah

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on healthcare is dominant mode of financing in developing countries. In Pakistan it is 67% of total expenditure on healthcare. Analysis of determinants of OOP health expenditure is a key aspect of equity in healthcare financing. It helps to formulate an effective health policy. Evidence on OOP in Pakistan is sparse. This paper attempts to fill this research gap.

METHODS:

We estimated determinants of OOP payments on healthcare in Pakistan. We used data sets of Pakistan Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) and Pakistan Standard of Living Measurement (PSLM) Survey for the year 2004-05. We developed a …

Nonparametric Estimation Of Conditional Value-At-Risk And Expected Shortfall Based On Extreme Value Theory, Carlos Martins -Filho, Feng Yao, Maximo Torero

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

We propose nonparametric estimators for conditional value-at-risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) associated with conditional distributions of a series of returns on a financial asset. The return series and the conditioning covariates, which may include lagged returns and other exogenous variables, are assumed to be strong mixing and follow a fully nonparametric conditional location-scale model. First stage nonparametric estimators for location and scale are combined with a generalized Pareto approximation for distribution tails proposed by Pickands (1975) to give final estimators for conditional VaR and ES. We provide asymptotic characterizations of the proposed estimators and present the results of a …

Essays In Labor Economics, Adam Blott

All Dissertations

The three chapters of this dissertation are closely related to one another and pertain to work flexibility. The first chapter uses an occupational choice model to estimate how workers value schedule flexibility in terms of other on the job characteristics. The second chapter also estimates how workers value flexibility using a hedonic wage approach. This method provides an estimate of how workers value schedule flexibility in terms of real wages. In the third chapter I estimate the impact of family structure on the probability that men choose a flexible job.
Flexible work schedules are becoming an increasingly important characteristic for …

The Changing Face Of The Game And Golf's Built Environment, David Hueber

All Dissertations

ABSTRACT
The history of golf's built environment in the U.S. has reflected the changing face of the game in terms of the number and type of golf courses built, as well as the demographic profile of those playing the game. This study offers insight as to how various socio-cultural and economic forces have impacted the game and golf course development. Since 2000, the golf industry has experienced significant declines in the key barometers of its economic wellbeing as defined by: the decline in the number of golfers and rounds played and the decrease in the number of golf courses.
The …

Essays In International Trade, Matthew Clance

All Dissertations

This dissertation consisits of two chapters. Both chapters relate to the effects of trade resistence measures commonly used in the International Trade literature. The first chapter investigates the effects of trade costs on the extensive and intensive margins of trade. The second chapter uses a semi-nonparametric estimation technique to include zero trade trade values and adds additional flexibility to the estimation of trade costs.
Trade literature has made use of the gravity equation since its introduction by Tinbergen (1962) to measure the impact of trade barriers and country characteristics on bilateral trade flows. The new focus of the literature separates …

Financial Liberalization And The Severity Of Systemic Banking Crises, Michael Scott

All Dissertations

Recent macroeconomic events have reinvigorated research in financial crises, namely systemic banking crises. While theoretical and empirical research on the causes and leading indicator of banking crises is vast, empirical literature on the cost of such crises is sparse. This paper addresses that void in the literature. Utilizing a new database compiled by the IMF on financial sector reforms, the correlation between financial sector liberalization and the severity of systemic banking crises is examined. The aspect of financial sector liberalization with the strongest correlation with the severity of systemic banking crises is the level of banking supervision and prudent regulation. …

Essays In Family Economics, Bing Bai

All Dissertations

The first chapter examines the effect of the number of years children spend living with a single-parent family instead of a two-parent family on children's completed schooling, based on a sample of children from the PSID. To deal with the endogeneity of mothers' family structure decisions, I exploit the variation across states and over time in unilateral divorce laws, unmarried fertility ratios, welfare rules, earned income tax credit rates, and labor market conditions that generate plausibly exogenous changes in mothers' family structure choices. I construct a set of extensive measures for these contextual variables and use them as instruments to …

The Montana Tourism Industry: The People And The Businesses, Christine Oschell

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to understand more about tourism industry business owners and employees, their employment history and their perception of the benefits that have come from their job in tourism. Another important aspect of this study is determining where Montana tourism businesses spend their money.

Analysis Of Bank Failure And Size Of Assets, Guancun Zhong

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The financial health of the banking industry is an important prerequisite for economic stability and growth. Bank failures in the United States have run in cycles largely associated with the collapse of economic bubbles. The number of bank failures has increased dramatically over the last thirty years (Halling and Hayden, 2007). In this thesis, we try to address the following two questions: 1) What is the relationship, if any, between a bank's asset size and its likelihood of failures? 2) How can we use statistical tools to predict the numbers of bank failures in the future? Various modeling techniques are …

The Motives Of Trade Credit Usage And The Importance Of Risk Perception For Decision-Making Behavior, Kun Zhao

Dissertations

The objective of this study is to discuss two motives of trade credit usage for large and small firms. To examine one of the motives–transaction motive—the study models a circulation mechanism in trade credit. The nature of the mechanism is such that firms are motivated to balance their trade credit inflows (accounts payable) with their outflows (accounts receivable). An empirical test is therefore needed to examine this issue. The findings in Chapter 1 support the theory of transaction motive that firms with more bank tolerance are more likely to advance the flow of trade credit to their clients. In particular, …

Detecting Bubbles In Hong Kong Residential Property Market, Matthew S. Yiu, Jun Yu, Lu Jin

Research Collection School Of Economics

This study uses a newly developed bubble detection method (Phillips, Shi and Yu, 2011) to identify real estate bubbles in the Hong Kong residential property market. Our empirical results reveal several positive bubbles in the Hong Kong residential property market, including one in 1995, a stronger one in 1997, another one in 2004, and a more recent one in 2008. In addition, the method identifies two negative bubbles in the data, one in 2000 and the other one in 2001. These empirical results continue to be valid for the mass segment and the luxury segment. However, the method finds a …

Robust Deviance Information Criterion For Latent Variable Models, Yong Li, Tao Zeng, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

It is shown in this paper that the data augmentation technique undermines the theoretical underpinnings of the deviance information criterion (DIC), a widely used information criterion for Bayesian model comparison, although it facilitates parameter estimation for latent variable models via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. Data augmentation makes the likelihood function non-regular and hence invalidates the standard asymptotic arguments. A new information criterion, robust DIC (RDIC), is proposed for Bayesian comparison of latent variable models. RDIC is shown to be a good approximation to DIC without data augmentation. While the later quantity is difficult to compute, the expectation { …

Recent Advances In Nonstationary Time Series: A Festschrift In Honor Of Peter C. B. Phillips, Robert S. Mariano, Zhijie Xiao, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

On July 14–15, 2008, the School of Economics and the Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics at Singapore Management University (SMU) co-hosted a conference honoring the contribution of Peter Phillips to econometrics and statistics, in celebration of his 60th birthday. In total, 51 papers were presented by his colleagues and former students, who deeply appreciate and respect Peter as a true scholar and a good friend. These papers mainly cover two areas of Peter’s current research interests—nonstationary time series analysis, and panel, nonlinear and nonparametric models. On the basis of this conference, we have taken the opportunity to edit …

Mean And Autocovariance Function Estimation Near The Boundary Of Stationarity, Liudas Giraitis, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

We analyze the applicability of standard normal asymptotic theory for linear process models near the boundary of stationarity. Limit results are given for estimation of the mean, autocovariance and autocorrelation functions within the broad region of stationarity that includes near boundary cases which vary with the sample size. The rate of consistency and the validity of the normal asymptotic approximation for the corresponding estimators is determined both by the sample size n and a parameter measuring the proximity of the model to the unit root boundary. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Optimal Estimation Under Nonstandard Conditions, Werner Ploberger, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

We analyze optimality properties of maximum likelihood (ML) and other estimators when the problem does not necessarily fall within the locally asymptotically normal (LAN) class, therefore covering cases that are excluded from conventional LAN theory such as unit root nonstationary time series. The classical Hajek-Le Cam optimality theory is adapted to cover this situation. We show that the expectation of certain monotone "bowl-shaped" functions of the squared estimation error are minimized by the ML estimator in locally asymptotically quadratic situations, which often occur in nonstationary time series analysis when the LAN property fails. Moreover, we demonstrate a direct connection between …

Gendered Production And Consumption In Rural Africa, Michael Kevane

Economics

Recent research underscores the continued importance of gender in rural Africa. Analysis of interactions within households is becoming more sophisticated and continues to reject the unitary model. There is some evidence of discriminatory treatment of girls relative to boys, although the magnitudes of differential investments in health and schooling are not large and choices seem quite responsive to changes in opportunity costs. Social norms proscribing and prescribing male and female economic behavior remain substantial, extending into many domains, especially land tenure. Gender constructions are constantly evolving, although there is little evidence of rapid, transformative change in rural areas.

Poverty In America: Why Can't We End It?, Peter B. Edelman

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The lowest percentage in poverty since we started counting was 11.1 percent in 1973. The rate climbed as high as 15.2 percent in 1983. In 2000, after a spurt of prosperity, it went back down to 11.3 percent, and yet 15 million more people are poor today.

At the same time, we have done a lot that works. From Social Security to food stamps to the earned-income tax credit and on and on, we have enacted programs that now keep 40 million people out of poverty. Poverty would be nearly double what it is now without these measures, according to …

International Financial Standards And The Explanatory Force Of Lex Mercatoria, Cally Jordan

Faculty Papers & Publications

The global financial crisis has cast a strong light on some hitherto obscure corners of the financial world, provoking an outpouring of calls for concerted international action. “Hard law” having disappointed, can “soft law”, in the form of international financial standards, substitute for traditional national legislation. This article examines some of the difficulties associated with the “international standards as soft law” discourse.

First of all, conceptual problems in the “soft law” discourse itself reveal profoundly different patterns of legal thought cutting across national boundaries, resulting in different understandings of international financial standards. Secondly, recent experience, over the past decade, with …

Making The Case For Public Health: Estimating Roi And Value, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

This presentation describes recent progress and new directions for estimating the value of public health strategies and infrastructure.

Business & Finance - Black Monday Memories, John Crudele

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

“Advancing With The Times: Industrial Design Protection In The Era Of Virtual Migration”, Horacio E. Gutiérrez

IP Theory

No abstract provided.