Economics Commons^™

معايير المحاسبة الحكومية الدولية وأهميتها في تطويوالنظام المحاسبي الحكومي في العراق(بحث مستل), إبراهيم محمد علي الجزراوي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

إن معايير المحاسبة الحكومية الدولية كمتغير حديث في النظم المحاسبية الحكومية يمكن أن تساهم في تطوير النظام المحاسبي الحكومي في العراق وإن اعتماد هذه المعايير يتطلب إتباع أساس الاستحقاق المحاسبي. تتحدد مشكلة البحث بان مستخدمو المعلومات المحاسبية الحكومية يواجه مشكلة الحصول على المعلومات الملائمة والموثوقة التي توفر الشفافية المطلوبة لتحقيق المساءلة والرقابة واتخاذ القرارات، أن مصدر مثل هذه المعلومات هو نظام المعلومات المحاسبي الحكومي الذي يلبي المتطلبات التي تفرضها معايير المحاسبة الحكومية الدولية التي جاءت كأحد متطلبات تطوير نظم المعلومات المحاسبية الحكومية . ويهدف البحث إلى بيان دور معايير المحاسبة الحكومية الدولية قي تطوير النظام المحاسبي الحكومي في العراق من …

Argentina Oct 2012, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Banco Central de la República Argentina. (n.d.). Envelope addressed to A. Shaikh, PhD [Envelope].

• United Airlines. (2012, September 29). Boarding pass and baggage tag [Boarding pass and baggage tag].

• Shaikh, A., PhD., Ferrari, M. V., & Gaya, M. D. (2012, August 28). Hotel accommodations for the 2012 annual money and banking conference [Email correspondence].

• Alvear Palace Hotel. (2012, August 10). Confirmation letter describing amenities and reservation details [Letter].

• Banco Central de la República Argentina. (2011, September 5). Certificate of registration from the national registry of foreign applicants [Certificate].

• Money and Banking Conference. (2012, October). Provisional agenda for …

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Taxation With Representation Ain't So Hot Either: An Empirical Analysis Of Taxpayer Satisfaction, Rei Kawano

CMC Senior Theses

This paper analyzes whether the decreasing progressivity of the US Federal Tax system appear to affect taxpayer satisfaction. I use data from the publicly available General Social Survey and combine them with average tax rates from Piketty and Saez (2007). In this study, two distinct questions are addressed: (1) Is a taxpayer’s belief that his or her own federal income tax is too high affected by their actual average tax rates? (2) Is a taxpayer’s belief that his or her own federal income tax is too high affected by the progressivity of the federal income tax?

The results show that …

The Earning Gap Of Criminality: Effects Of Stigma, Length And Form Of Incarceration, Matthew P. Laredo

CMC Senior Theses

This paper shows that criminality causes a significant decrease in the earning potential of individuals. In addition, there is evidence to support that criminality has the same negative effect on earnings regardless of type of sentencing, whether probation or incarceration. Previous studies indicate that ex-convicts do not benefit from in-prison based programs. The purpose of this paper is to identify the short-term earning differentials between offenders and their law-abiding counter parts and offer insight as to how this can affect recidivism. Research shows that recidivists suffer the largest wage differentials, which significantly lowers their employment utility. This reduction of labor …

An Economic Analysis Of Foreign Ownership In Professional Sports: Motivation, Success, And Implications For United States Market, Alex F. Wheatley

CMC Senior Theses

An economic analysis of foreign ownership in sports. Focusing on the English Premier League, National Basketball Association, and Major League Baseball.

What Causes Ministers Of Finance To Get Fired?, Bradley Turner

Honors Theses

This paper seeks to establish the determinants of turnover in finance ministers. Based on an original worldwide data set, political and economic factors are considered for 58 countries. While the same political factors affect Minister of Finance turnover in both advanced and developing economies, the economic variables that matter differ between the sub-samples. Finance minister turnover is higher during years that there is also presidential turnover. Further, emerging economies have a higher Minister of Finance turnover than developed economies during years without presidential turnover. Results largely hold for robustness checks.

The Effectiveness Of Capital Controls On Capital Inflows In Emerging Markets, Kathleen A. Davis

Honors Theses

Capital flows have become increasingly more volatile over the past

decade, causing growing concern in emerging markets over the potential damages

large sudden capital inflows and outflows can cause those economies. Capital

controls have been used since World War I as a way to try to control these flows.

After being abolished nearly everywhere, they have recently been reintroduced in

a number of countries. The main analysis of this paper looks at the effect of the

capital controls on capital inflows from 2000 through 2010 in an 8 country sample

of emerging markets who have recently implemented changes in their …

Specification Sensitivity In Right-Tailed Unit Root Testing For Explosive Behavior, Peter C.B. Phillips, Shu-Ping Shi, Jun Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Right-tailed unit root tests have proved promising for detecting exuberance in economic and financial activities. Like left-tailed tests, the limit theory and test performance are sensitive to the null hypothesis and the model specification used in parameter estimation. This paper aims to provide some empirical guidelines for the practical implementation of right-tailed unit root tests, focussing on the sup ADF test of Phillips, Wu and Yu (2011), which implements a right-tailed ADF test repeatedly on a sequence of forward sample recursions. We analyze and compare the limit theory of the sup ADF test under different hypotheses and model specifications. The …

Health Reform, Health Insurance, And Selection: Estimating Selection Into Health Insurance Using The Massachusetts Health Reform, Martin B. Hackmann, Jonathan T. Kolstad, Amanda E. Kowalski

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We implement an empirical test for selection into health insurance using changes in coverage induced by the introduction of mandated health insurance in Massachusetts. Our test examines changes in the cost of the newly insured relative to those who were insured prior to the reform. We find that counties with larger increases in insurance coverage over the reform period face the smallest increase in average hospital costs for the insured population, consistent with adverse selection into insurance before the reform. Additional results, incorporating cross-state variation and data on health measures, provide further evidence for adverse selection.

Discounted Stochastic Games With Voluntary Transfers, Sebastian Kranz

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper studies discounted stochastic games perfect or imperfect public monitoring and the opportunity to conduct voluntary monetary transfers. We show that for all discount factors every public perfect equilibrium payoff can be implemented with a simple class of equilibria that have a stationary structure on the equilibrium path and optimal penal codes with a stick and carrot structure. We develop algorithms that exactly compute or approximate the set of equilibrium payoffs and find simple equilibria that implement these payoffs.

Vars With Mixed Roots Near Unity, Peter C.B. Phillips, Ji Hyung Lee

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Limit theory is developed for nonstationary vector autoregression (VAR) with mixed roots in the vicinity of unity involving persistent and explosive components. Statistical tests for common roots are examined and model selection approaches for discriminating roots are explored. The results are useful in empirical testing for multiple manifestations of nonstationarity — in particular for distinguishing mildly explosive roots from roots that are local to unity and for testing commonality in persistence.

Role Of Rural-Urban Migration In Explaining Economic Growth: Evidence From The Least Developed Countries, Karun Gyawali

Masters Theses

Rural-urban migration plays an important role in affecting population and labor composition in a country. In the least developed countries, population moving from a relatively low productive, rural, agricultural sector to a more productive, urban sector can affect overall economic productivity.

This paper investigates the relationship between rural-urban migration and economic growth in least developed counties. Using Dao's 2002 paper on determinants of internal migration, the modified model for migration is formulated in this study. The result from the modified migration model is then used in the GDP growth model to study the effect of ruralurban migration on GDP growth. …

Trade Openness In North America: The Impacts Of Nafta, Mohammed Dawood

Masters Theses

The objective of this paper is to examine the impacts of the creation of NAFTA on trade openness in the North American region as a whole. We first assess these impacts of on NAFTA on individual member countries- namely, the United States, Canada and Mexico. Then we explore the impacts of NAFTA on North America as a bloc. Towards our goal we develop an empirical model that includes several independent variables to control, among others, for productivity, inflation, capital formation, per capita income, monetary policy and the existence of NAFTA. We collect annual time series data on all variables from …

Iron Bars Or Libraries: Which Will Reduce Crime More?, Kenneth Shepherd

Masters Theses

This study examines how government spending affects crime. Specifically, it is a longitudinal study of property crime in Illinois. The main model is: Property Crime = B1+B2(Deterrence spending)+B3(Other Social spending)+B4(Lagged Unemployment rate). Other Social Spending is Library spending, Hospital spending, and Higher Education spending by state and local governments in real per-capita form combined. Deterrence spending is the combined spending on police and corrections in real percapita form. The results from an OLS model on this equation showed Other Social spending was 50% more effective at reducing property crime than Deterrence spending. However, there was some multicollinearity and a time …

Inflation And Growth: An Estimate Of The Threshold Level Of Inflation In The U.S., Hio Loi

Masters Theses

The study examines the threshold level of inflation in the US during the period 1960-2011. The model suggests the threshold level of inflation in the US is 0 to 1.5 percent quarterly. Above that threshold level, inflation has a significant negative effect on real GDP growth. Below the threshold level, the effect of inflation on real GDP growth is ambiguous.

An Empirical Analysis Of The Service Sector Transformation In Safta Member Countries, Md. Tanvir Pavel

Masters Theses

This paper makes an attempt to assess the transformation process of the service sector in South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFT A) by using a panel data over the period 1990 to 2010. Based on the regression analysis, the study investigates the existence and association between the output of the service sector and per capita national output by applying panel least squares along with fixed effects and random effects. The generalized least squares (GLS) approach with fixed effect estimation comes in handy in our analysis. The study reveals that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) have a meaningful positive effect whereas …

The Implications Of Migration Theory For Distributive Justice, Alexander Sager

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper explores the implications of empirical theories of migration for normative accounts of migration and distributive justice. It examines neo-classical economics, world-systems theory, dual labor market theory, and feminist approaches to migration and contends that neo-classical economic theory in isolation provides an inadequate understanding of migration. Other theories provide a fuller account of how national and global economic, political, and social institutions cause and shape migration flows by actively affecting people's opportunity sets in source countries and by admitting people according to social categories such as class and gender. These empirical theories reveal the causal impact of institutions regulating …

The Growing Demand For Energy And Ethanol’S Role, Kyleen Shields

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

With growing demand for fuel ethanol production has become a large player in the market. This study evaluates the efficient usage of corn as well as how ethanol has contributed to the US economy.

Testing For Multiple Bubbles, Peter C.B. Phillips, Shu-Ping Shi, Jun Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Identifying and dating explosive bbles when there is periodically collapsing behavior over time has been a major concern in the economics literature and is of great importance for practitioners. The complexity of the nonlinear structure inherent in multiple bubble phenomena within the same sample period makes econometric analysis particularly difficult. The present paper develops new recursive procedures for practical implementation and surveillance strategies that may be employed by central banks and fiscal regulators. We show how the testing procedure and dating algorithm of Phillips, Wu and Yu (2011, PWY) are affected by multiple bubbles and may fail to be consistent. …

Lag Length Selection For Unit Root Tests In The Presence Of Nonstationary Volatility, Giuseppe Cavaliere, Peter C.B. Phillips, Stephan Smeekes, A. M. Rober Taylor

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A number of recently published papers have focused on the problem of testing for a unit root in the case where the driving shocks may be unconditionally heteroskedastic. These papers have, however, assumed that the lag length in the unit root test regression is a deterministic function of the sample size, rather than data-determined, the latter being standard empirical practice. In this paper we investigate the finite sample impact of unconditional heteroskedasticity on conventional data-dependent methods of lag selection in augmented Dickey-Fuller type unit root test regressions and propose new lag selection criteria which allow for the presence of heteroskedasticity …

Efficient Auctions And Interdependent Types, Dirk Bergemann, Stephen Morris, Satoru Takahashi

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider the efficient allocation of a single good with interdependent values in a quasi-linear environment. We present an approach to modelling interdependent preferences distinguishing between “payoff types” and “belief types” and report a characterization of when the efficient allocation can be partially Bayesian implemented on a finite type space. The characterization can be used to unify a number of sufficient conditions for efficient partial implementation in this classical auction setting. We report how a canonical language for discussing interdependent types — developed in a more general setting by Bergemann, Morris and Takahashi (2011) — applies in this setting and …

Dollarization And Banking Stability In Ecuador, Cristobal Perez

Economics Honors Papers

This thesis examines the relationship between dollarization and banking stability in Ecuador. Through an econometric analysis I find that the main variables that affect banking stability in Ecuador are GDP, liquidity, financial efficiency, the proportion of productive assets, the percentage of past-due loans, the ratio between total assets and total liabilities, and the degree of concentration of the banking sector. All these variables have improved in the past decade thus strengthening banking stability. Furthermore, the four main effects of dollarization on a small, open, and developing economy include: i) the statistically significant decrease in inflation, ii) the removal of the …

Economic Reform And Privatization In Egypt, Karen Pfeifer

Economics: Faculty Publications

Egypt’s economic history from the abdication of King Farouk in 1952 to the abdication of Husni Mubarak in 2011 can be divided into three grand stages: the era of state-led development, the gradual erosion of state-led development, and the blossoming of neoliberalism. The period from 2008 to the present (July 2011), that is, from global financial crisis and recession to fragile recovery, may be a fourth stage—entailing at least the erosion of neoliberalism and, perhaps, the beginning of an era of more balanced growth with a more equitable distribution of benefits.

Price-Value Deviations, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Fragment of handwritten notes on monopoly price. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1989, April 5). Handwritten notes on Ricardo: Chapter 1, discussing wages, profits, and price changes. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1977, October 20). Handwritten notes titled Okishio theorem, discussing Marx's references on competition, choice of technique, and the falling rate of profit. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1977, November 14). Handwritten notes titled Okishio theorem, discussing two different types of "switch points." Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1981, March 1). Handwritten notes titled Notes on Marx's critique of resolving exchange-value into v+s. Unpublished …

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Folder Collection - Inflation Seminar, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2012, Fall). Lecture notes for GECO6210S topics in economic analysis: Inflation. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (1998, June 9). Inflation and unemployment [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Notes on inflation [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Eco 210S: Marx–Keynes–Kalecki on inflation [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (2007, December 7). Keynesian inflation and growth response [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (2007, December 12). Demand growth, purchasing power, credit, and money [Handwritten …

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Review Of Daniel Mockli's "Strategic Trends 2012: Key Developments In Global Affairs, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

This review essay describes and analyzes the content of this annual compilation of international affairs essays published by the Zurich-based Center for Strategic Studies.

Ape 205 Section 6 - Classical Theory Of Relative Price And Ltv, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2012, April 22). Smith and Ricardo on LTV: Responses to questions posed by Pedro [Unpublished manuscript].

• Mariolis, T. (2012, February 26). Discussion of a 3x3 Sraffian matrix [Email to Shaikh, A., PhD].

• Shaikh, A. (2010, December 23). LTVCalc1998stdREadj.xmcd: Calculating standard market and Sraffian prices of production with a circulating capital model [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Review of the paper “The labour theory of value and prices in China” [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Comparing Sraffa and Marx on vertically integrated output capital [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (2012, July 8). Table of variables for …

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The Herodotus Paradox, Michael R. Baye, Dan Kovenock, Casper G. De Vries

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

The Babylonian bridal auction, described by Herodotus, is regarded as one of the earliest uses of an auction in history. Yet, to our knowledge, the literature lacks a formal equilibrium analysis of this auction. We provide such an analysis for the two-player case with complete and incomplete information, and in so doing identify what we call the 'Herodotus paradox.'

The Lifeboat Problem, Kai A. Konrad, Dan Kovenock

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We study an all-pay contest with multiple identical prizes (“lifeboat seats”). Prizes are partitioned into subsets of prizes (“lifeboats”). Players play a two-stage game. First, each player chooses an element of the partition (“a lifeboat”). Then each player competes for a prize in the subset chosen (“a seat”). We characterize and compare the subgame perfect equilibria in which all players employ pure strategies or all players play identical mixed strategies in the first stage. The partitioning of prizes can lead to coordination failure when players employ nondegenerate mixed strategies. In these equilibria some rents are sheltered and rent dissipation is …

Coalitional Colonel Blotto Games With Application To The Economics Of Alliances, Dan Kovenock, Brian Roberson

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

In Borel’s (1921) Colonel Blotto game two players simultaneously allocate their respective endowments of a resource across n battlefields, the higher allocation wins each battlefield, and players maximize the number of battlefields won. Here we examine two players who may form an alliance before separately competing in two disjoint Colonel Blotto games against a common adversary. Despite a lack of common interests, unilateral transfers — in a direction consistent with the exploitation hypothesis — arise for a range of parameter configurations. Such transfers alter the adversary’s strategy and the combination of the direct and strategic effects benefits both allies.