Economics Commons^™

Financial Small-Scale Business Under The New Cbn Directive And Its Likely Impact On Industrial Growth Of The Nigerian Economy., O. J. Nnanna

Bullion

This examines the prospects of the current drive to ensure efficient and sustainable credit delivery system to the SSls. The rest of the paper is divided into three broad sections. The first section reviews and appraises past financing programmes / schemes, highlighting the major constraints on their performance. The current initiative of the Bankers' Committee is discussed in section two, focusing on its likely impact and underscoring the needed complementary policy measures. Section three summa-rises and concludes the paper.

Dirty Money, Gabriele Camera

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

An inter-governmental body is encouraging the replacement of currency with the objective of discouraging illegal economic activities. This policy is analyzed in a search-theoretic model where individuals choose legal or illegal production, settle trades via monetary or costly intermediated exchange, and where the government imperfectly monitors monetary transactions. Stationary monetary equilibria with both legal and illegal production exist, in which case the over-provision of currency may increment the extent of illegal production. This result holds also in the presence of intermediated exchange of legal goods. Equilibria with differing transaction patterns and degrees of illicit activities coexist.

Macro Sam, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1998, December 5). Ex ante sources and uses, balance sheet identity, and business [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1993, August 20). Rational exp, capacity utilization & the theory of the firm [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Clower, Leijonhufvud, market equilibrium, and the Keynesian system [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Mathematical notes on utility and leisure [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1997, December 4). Notes on rpc: Keynes, atomistic competition, and labor supply curves [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1997, November 21 & …

Nipa Accounts, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection contains:

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, June 6). Structure of NIPA accounts [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Programming in EViews [Handwritten notes].

Inflation Conflict Models, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Screpanti, E. (1997, October). Wages, inflation and employment: A dynamic model (Quaderni del Dipartimento di Economia Politica No. 217). Siena, Italy: Dipartimento di Economia Politica, Università degli Studi di Siena.

• Stirati, A. (2001). Inflation, unemployment and hysteresis: An alternative view. Review of Political Economy, 13(4), 427–451.

• Scitovsky, T. (1983). The demand-side economics of inflation (with comments by A. J. Brown & J. Flemming). In D. Worswick & J. Trevithick (Eds.), Keynes and the modern world: Proceedings of the Keynes centenary conference (pp. 223–254). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

• Robinson, A., Braithwaite, R., …

Xr Theory And Data Eco 204, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• WTO: History and theory. (1999, December 17). [Unpublished typed document]. Manuscript.

• International competition and the theory of exchange rates. (2001, January 20). [Unpublished typed course document for ECO 204]. Course handout.

• World political economy (GECO 5108, Spring 2002). (2002). [Unpublished course syllabus]. Syllabus.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1997, September 19). Ankara: XR theory and evidence [Unpublished handwritten note]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1992, November 20). Talk: Exchange rate theory and data [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1999, November 1). Theory of int rates [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript. …

Euro, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Canzoneri, M. B., Cumby, R. E., & Diba, B. (1996, July). Relative labor productivity and the real exchange rate in the long run: Evidence for a panel of OECD countries (Working Paper No. 5676). National Bureau of Economic Research.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2000, June 1). Euro XR instability [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Arestis, P., Biefang-Frisancho Mariscal, I., Brown, A., & Sawyer, M. (n.d.). The causes of euro instability [Unpublished paper].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). CPI [Unpublished spreadsheet].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). ULC [Unpublished spreadsheet].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Output per hour in …

Tutism Tutorial Eco 208s, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection contains:

• Tutsim commands and block syntax: Block syntax index and function group index [Guide]. (n.d.).

• Goodwin model file and graph [Computer printout]. (1986, October 3).

• Goodwin, R. M. (1967). A growth cycle. In C. H. Feinstein (Ed.), Socialism, capitalism and economic growth: Essays presented to Maurice Dobb (pp. 165–170). Cambridge University Press.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1986, October). Goodwin wage-employment cycle model [Handwritten notes].

• Hirsch, M. W., & Smale, S. (1974). Differential equations, dynamical systems, and linear algebra [Book excerpts]. Academic Press.

• Growth and cycles [Course outline and syllabus for Economics 208]. …

A Case Of The Philips Curve In The Formation Of A Monetary Union: A Glimpse At High Inflation Countries Of The European Monetary Union, Yuet Wen Wan

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper examines how disinflation in high inflation economies affects unemployment levels. According to Keynesian macroeconomic theories, a decrease in inflation will cause an increase in unemployment in the short run. Due to high inflation over the years among countries like Italy and Ireland, their expected inflation rate is significantly high. As a result, when the government starts a process of disinflation though restrictive fiscal and monetary policies, economic activity declines, and significant short run increase in unemployment follows.

Inflation & Monopoly Expectations, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Inflation and oligopoly and monopoly explanations [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Stadnichenko, A. (1975). Monetary crisis of capitalism: Origin and development. New York, NY: Dunellen Publishing Company.

• Sawyer, M. (2001). Kalecki on imperfect competition, inflation and money. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 25(2), 245–261.

Oecd Inflation And Throughput Rates, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1996, October; revised 1998, January 29). Explaining inflation and unemployment: An alternate to neoliberal economic theory [Annotated conference-paper fragment].
• Mejorado, A. (1998, May 22; revised May 27). Inflation rate and throughput coefficient in USA, 1960-1996 [Three-chart spreadsheet output set testing after-tax throughput variants].
• Inflation and thruput: 1930-1999 [Two-chart spreadsheet output set comparing alternative throughput measures]. (n.d.).
• Mejorado, A. (1998, May 6-7). Cross-country throughput-coefficient chart packet [Charts comparing inflation and throughput measures for Sweden, Canada, the United States, and Germany].
• Throughput coefficient and manufacturing inflation rate [Data chart]. (n.d.).
• Agenor, P.-R., & Montiel, P. J. (1996). …

Money, Notes And Readings, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Tagliabue, J. (2001, January 30). A legal tender of one’s own: Foe of Italy’s central bank issues money in village. The New York Times, p. W2. A duplicate clipping of this same article also appears separately within the collection.
• Shaikh, A. (1983, December). Money and the circulation of aggregate commodity capital [Unpublished manuscript]. Author: Anwar Shaikh, PhD.
• Shaikh, A. (2001, October 3). Eco 104 (historical foundations I): Adam Smith [Unpublished lecture notes]. Author: Anwar Shaikh, PhD.
• Hicks, J. (1989). A market theory of money. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Reproduced excerpt includes handwritten annotations credited to Anwar Shaikh, PhD. …

Thirwall Project, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, July 30). Handwritten notes titled “Thirwall project” [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Contri, A., & Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, January 10). Actual and B-o-P equilibrium growth rates, Bairam (1988) [Unpublished chart].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, April 4). Rates of growth of exports (tables and graphs) [Unpublished tables and graphs].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes titled “questions: Thirwall project” [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, April 24). Handwritten notes titled “Thirwall project” [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, April 13). Handwritten notes on cointegration for import function …

Nyu Talk Long Term Patterns Structure & Order, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). NYU talk: Long-term patterns, structure, and order (see folder, Eco 204, introd.) [Handwritten cover note]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, March 1). NYU talk (Ruria’s class) [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1995, May 15). Woodstock talk [Typed notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2001, April 25). Recurrence & theory of uneven development [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Mejorado, A. (2001, October 29). Lecture at NYU [Email communication]. Personal communication.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Non-farm productivity and real compensation per hour [Graph]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). U.S. investment index, fixed …

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Nipa Profits Vs S&P Earnings, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. NIPA profits vs. S&P earnings; r_corp; Q-values (Unpublished work).
• Petrick, K. A. (2001). Comparing NIPA profits with S&P 500 profits. Survey of Current Business, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
• Shaikh, A. (2001). Handwritten comments on comparing NIPA profits with S&P 500 profits (Unpublished manuscript).
• Larkins, D., & Morris, R. W. (2001). Note on profitability of domestic nonfinancial corporations, 1960–2000. Survey of Current Business, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
• Shaikh, A. (2001). Handwritten annotations on profitability of domestic nonfinancial corporations (Unpublished manuscript).

Ral And Labor Wage Curve, Misc. Papers, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Asymmetries in U.K. wage share and employment rate, 1855-1999 [Annotated research paper on Goodwin growth-cycle asymmetries]. (2001).
• Screpanti, E. (1998, December). Wages, employment and militancy: A simple model and some empirical tests [Working paper]. Quaderni del Dipartimento di Economia Politica, Universita degli Studi di Siena.

An Analysis Of A Monetary Approach To The Balance Of Payments And Exchange Rates : The Case Of Malaysia 1986-1997, Siti Ayu Jalil

Student Works (2000-2009)

The research paper attempts to investigate the empirical analysis of the monetary approach to the balance of payments and exchange rates in the Malaysian environment. Through assessing the balance of payments and exchange rate position In Malaysia, the objective is to determine whether the monetary phenomenon could be the reason for the 1997 financial crisis that resulted Its government to opt for a fixed exchange rate and capital controls policies in September 1997. The time period of the study was 12 years from 1986 to 1997 and in all cases the annually data was used. The central proposition of the …

Nationalism In The People's Republic Of China: A Consequential Chameleon, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes how nationalism among political leaders in the People's Republic of China (PRC) can be the linchpin of divergent views on the desirability of the PRC's future in a globalized economy.

A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Data Bank: A Real-Time Data Set For Macroeconomists, Dean D. Croushore, Tom Stark

Economics Faculty Publications

Economic policies are set and forecasts are made based on data that policymakers and forecasters have available to them. But such data are often revised — at times significantly. As a result, when policies and forecasts are viewed from the perspective of today's data, they may not seem sensible. Recognizing this problem, the Research Department at the Philadelphia Fed created a real-time data set so that economists today have the same data that were available to policymakers and forecasters in the past. In this article, Dean Croushore and Tom Stark tell how the data set was constructed, show how large …

Monetary And Financial Sector Policies In The Year 2000 Budget Of The Fgn, M. O. Ojo

Bullion

The paper attempts to review the monetary and financial sector policies of CBN during the 2000 fiscal year. It also discussed the issues and problems of implementation of the policies. The paper observes that the Nigerian economy witnessed some anxious moments during the 1999 fiscal year. Severe Pressures built-up in the economy mainly because of the expansionary fiscal policy of the Federal Government during the first five months of the year. lf price of oil in the international market continue to rise above budget expectations and expenditure does not rise in tandem, finance is likely to constrain achievement of most …

The Imperative For Energizing The Industrial Transformation In Nigeria., D. Olu Ajakaiye, A. Sesan Ayodele

Bullion

The paper examined the imperative for energizing the industrial transformation. Given the foreign uncompetitive and high cost economic environment, the imperative for energizing the industrial transformation in Nigeria, is to create a conducive environment under which there would be free inflow of foreign investible funds. This may not be possible unless the current industrial environment changes to one whose enabling environment encourages industrial policy instruments that make Nigeria a least cost industrial producer. This suggests something drastic must be done policy-wise to modify the existing high bank-lending rate to make it supportive to the industrialization process. Besides, the depreciation of …

External Sector Performance And The External Sector Policy Measures In The Year 2000 Federal Budget., Mike I. Obadan

Bullion

The paper briefly reviews the performance of the external sector in the first half of year 2000 and then goes on to appraise the external sector policy measures in the federal budget for the year under review. The study reveals that the The Presidential directive on government ministries, departments and agencies to-Patronise home-made goods as first choice is commendable. The paper suggests that if monitoring mechanisms are put in place, it will ensure full compliance. Private sector operators, individuals, should be encouraged to take a cue from government departments. The Year 2000 customs tariff measures largely address the concerns of …

One Year Of Euro: How Has It Fared?, Ateev Chadda

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Financial Liberalization On Monetary Policy : The Malaysian Experience, Valliammai R. M. Raghavan

Student Works (2000-2009)

Along with the scope of financial liberalization, various aspects of reform processes emerged and they include financial sector reform, deregulation, re-regulation and financial innovation. These reforms have changed the types of monetary instruments and targets used and consequently changed the mechanism of monetary transmission. Moreover, in the light of financial liberalization, the relationship between income and money has become increasingly unstable. All this posed a major challenge in the formulation and implementation of monetary policy because the basic framework within which monetary policy operates has changed. This research attempts to investigate the role of financial variables (monetary aggregates, credit aggregates …

A Study On The Behaviour Of Selected Macroeconomic Indicators For Malaysia Prior To The Currency Crisis In 1997, Sena Herath Vijitha

Student Works (2000-2009)

This paper attempts to develop an early warning system to predict currency crises that will allow managers not to be caught off-guard when a currency crisis hits the country. It is hoped that with an effective early warning system, managers will have adequate time to construct appropriate marketing and business strategies to counter the negative impact of a currency crisis. This research project examines the macroeconomic data generated by Bank Negara and the Ministry of Finance to see if correlations exist between macroeconomic measures and devaluation prospects as cited in the literature and whether these can be used in the …

Rpc 1-2, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Roberts, J. (1987, December). An equilibrium model with involuntary unemployment at flexible, competitive prices and wages. American Economic Review, 77(5), 856–874. American Economic Association.

• Shaikh, A. (1997, November 29). Market demand curves and aggregate demand [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1997, December 16). Rational competition as a foundation for the theory of eff dd [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1997, January 3). Government deficits, financing, and open economy exchange rates [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Harcourt, G. C. (n.d.). Post-Keynesian economics [Encyclopedia excerpt]. In [Encyclopedia title] (pp. [pp.]). [Publisher].

• …

Brenner Article, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2000, June 25). Brenner article and HM [Handwritten notes detailing tracking corrections for figures and tables]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1999, August; revised 2000, July 10). Figures and tables for Brenner paper [Document containing tables and graphs]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Felipe, J. (2000, June 16). Profit rates, capacity utilization, and classical growth dynamics [Email communication]. Personal communication.

• Bircham, E. (2000, July 15). Publication questions for Historical Materialism, including references, tables, and figures [Email communication]. Personal communication.

• Bircham, E. (2000, July 10). Formatting issues with a table and text in Word [Email communication]. Personal communication. …

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Xr Discussions, Anwar Shaikh Phd2

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). XR discussions [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1998, September 12). Rel prices and rel ULC’s in classical and neoclassical theory [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2000, March 2). XR projects [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes on data and projects [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1997, January 17). Structure of trade theory [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes on arbitrage and Ricardo [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Mejorado, A. (1998, August). New data …

The Phillips Curve In The 1990s, Hayden Smith

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper will explore whether or not the Phillips curve relationship exists for the 1990s. I will attempt to estimate a Phillips curve for the past decade using data for the United States. In section two, I will explain the theory behind the Phillips curve and how the theory has evolved. In section three, I will present a literature review discussing previous research and results. Section four will present my empirical model and data. In section 5, I will present my results and discuss econometric problems such as serial correlation that may lead to biased estimates. In section six I …

Brenner Article Theory, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes on Brenner on FROP and the real profit–output ratio [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Printed graphs including output/capital and profit rates for Japan, the United States, and Germany, and bank failures in the United States [Unpublished printed graphs].

• Michl, T. R. (n.d.). Curriculum vitae [Unpublished curriculum vitae].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1999, October 8). File directory: GF computer prior to Windows NT upgrade [Unpublished printed file directory listing].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes for an AEA presentation titled “I: what is Brenner’s argument” [Unpublished …