Anthropology Commons^™

Evaluating Temporal Approximation Methods Using Burglary Data, Lukas Oswald, Michael Leitner

Faculty Publications

Law enforcement is very interested in knowing when a crime has happened. Unfortunately, the occurrence time of a crime is often not exactly known. In such circumstances, estimating the most likely time that a crime has happened is crucial for spatio-temporal analysis. The main purpose of this research is to introduce two novel temporal approximation methods, termed retrospective temporal analysis (RTA) and extended retrospective temporal analysis (RTAext). Both methods are compared to six existing temporal approximation methods and subsequently evaluated in order to identify the method that can most accurately estimate the occurrence time of crimes. This research is conducted …

Ashes To Caches: Is Dust Dust Among The Heterarchichal Maya?, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

Caches and burials, or specially placed deposits of all types, among the Classic Period lowland Maya represent the material remains of religious or ritual behaviors. These behaviors are shared by people of all economic levels but expanded according to available economic resources. Discussions of these aspects of material culture commonly focus on elite or upscale examples found within various contexts. At Tikal, as at other Lowland Maya sites, the expression of these rituals varied by the wealth of the participants. Elite offerings involved greater quantities of precious and durable goods such as jade, marine shell, and elaborate lithic items. [FIGURE …

Women, Power, And Place In Polynesia: Articulations From Samoa And Aotearoa, New Zealand, Melani Anae, Penelope Schoeffel

Pacific Studies

Introduction for the Vol. 43, No 1-Jun 2020 edition of the Pacific Studies Journal.

“Filling Up The Other Kete”: Ambivalence, Critical Memory, And The Resilience Of Older Māori Jewish Women, Hadas Ore

Pacific Studies

This article is part of the first study on the memories that Māori Jews share growing up and living in contemporary Aotearoa/New Zealand as well as the effect of their memories on their well-being and success in life. The study was conducted through open-ended in-depth interviews during 2016–2017. Examining more closely how six older women negotiate power and constitute indigenous agency, the analysis in this article looks into the particular way they employ their critical memory in order to overcome their ambivalence toward tertiary education. In my analysis, I apply the recent development in the theory of nostalgia with empirical …

Vol. 43 No. 1 (2020): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Papatūānuku, Karlo Mila

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Women Matai (Chiefs): Navigating And Negotiating The Paradox Of Boundaries And Responsibilities, Sailiemanu Lilomaiava-Doktor

Pacific Studies

This paper examines Samoan conception of gender roles and transformations examining women's status and situation in light of ideological changes regarding gender relations and expectations in contemporary Samoa. I situate my paper in Samoan ways of knowing regarding gender roles and norms and draw on feminist (Trask 1984) works to provide guiding light for the cross cultural use of feminist theory to Samoan concepts of feagaiga, fa‘a-matai (chieftainship system), and gender equality. I study women's roles especially as they take on matai titles and examine what gains have been made and the dynamics involved for matai in the masculine (read: …

Vol. 43 No. 1 (2020): Pacific Studies Front Matter, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Front Matter for the Vol. 43, No 1-Jun 2020 edition of the Pacific Studies Journal.

Matai Tamaitai: “The Mistress Of The Family”, Melani Anae

Pacific Studies

This article examines faamatai (the Samoan chiefly system) and the impacts of globalization that have disempowered or reempowered women in new ways. The discourse of “women” in a transnational context is explored by perspectives from six life-story interviews of matai tamaitai in Hawaiʻi, Sydney and Oceanside and data from 88 women matai from a global online faamatai survey. It explores the faamatai tenet of ‘lima malosi ma loto alofa’ (strong hands and a loving heart), experienced as the exertion of her pule (secular authority), malosi (economic strength), mana (spiritual power), and mamalu (reverence, dignity, and social power) free from ‘traditional’ …

Climbing Performance And Ecology In Humans, Chimpanzees, And Gorillas, Elaine E. Kozma

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation aims to establish the effects of limb proportions and body size on the climbing performance of humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas by assessing three aspects of climbing performance: 1) energetic cost, 2) fatigue, and 3) canopy access. Whether hominins were arboreal, and to what extent, is a matter of hot debate. Specifically, the relative prominence of vertical climbing in the locomotor repertoires of various hominin taxa remains a contested issue. Over the course of human evolution, both the body size and relative hindlimb length of hominins has increased. These traits are often linked to bipedality. Long forelimbs, in contrast, …

From The Unspoken To The Verbalized: Different Ways Of Communication And Their Relationship To Culture In A Traditional Lakota Narrative "Ikto Na Wičhá Ha Kiŋ”, Or “Ikto And The Racoon Skin”, Liliana R. Boladz-Nekipelov

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This master’s thesis is a discourse analysis of a traditional Lakota story, " Iktó na wičhá ha kiŋ”, or “Ikto and the Racoon Skin”, one of the 64 stories included in the “Dakota Texts”, which were collected by Ella Deloria at three Lakota reservations in 1930s as a part of Franz Boas’ language documentation project. The thesis is also an attempt to examine different communicative strategies employed within the narrative and their relationship to culture, as well as the relationship between form and the transfer of meaning and culture and meaning. The analysis is conducted using Dell Hymes’ ethnographic approach …

Revisiting Juchitán: Witnessing An Indigenous Mexico Within The Latin American Archive, Michelle G. De La Cruz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Throughout archives of photographic collections, as one discovers the focused, artistic selective process of images that become part of a photographer’s collection, one must venture further and ask: will these choices be decisively remembered by an individual or collective audience or actively be dismissed, misunderstood, and denied presence? For my master’s thesis, I will be analyzing Mexican photographer Graciela Iturbide’s photobook, Juchitán de las Mujeres, a photo-collection of the women-empowered indigenous society in Oaxaca, Mexico which erupted during Latin American photography’s prime in the 20th century, turning away from a deeply exoticized past and towards a celebration of Hispanism as …

Shadow Standards And The Logic Of Costs: Care, Stewardship, And Data In U.S. Community Health, Margarite J. Whitten

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the delegation of responsibility for providing health care to particular categories of marginalized populations in the United States in the absence of a uniform and universal health care system. It explores how the U.S. federal government governs patient populations at a distance by mandating that healthcare providers collect, produce, and report on patient data. Drawing from eighteen months of ethnographic research in Massachusetts clinics for the homeless and the frail elderly between 2014-2015, I argue that when marginalized patients are unable to satisfy the neoliberal ideal of self-governance to maintain their health in cost-effective ways, providers are …

Bones, Burials, And The Riddle Of Truth: Reconstructing The Past Through What Has Been Left Behind, Jelena M. Begonja

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Mortuary archaeology is known to be the study of human remains and burials. The primary focus of this work has been to study all of the elements associated in burials to learn more about the burial practices and rituals in a group’s culture, however, there is much more potential in studying burial sites than just learning about a group’s burial rituals and practices. This thesis will demonstrate that it is indeed possible to make different inferences about the rest of people’s daily lives, and the truth, based from materials found in studying burials alone. For some groups without much existing …

Those Beyond The Walls: An Archaeological Examination Of Michilimackinac’S Extramural Domestic Settlement, 1760-1781, James Cain Dunnigan

Masters Theses

Ideal for both the French and British, the location of Fort Michilimackinac was selected to serve as a key entrepôt for European goods from the colonized east coast to be traded for furs from the Upper Country. The diverse population that formed around Michilimackinac included French and British soldiers, traders, craftsmen, and their families, as well as large seasonal populations of Native Americans. While the Fort’s interior continues to be vigorously examined, little focus has been directed to the larger, multicultural village that emerged outside the fort’s walls in the latter half of the eighteenth century. Excavations from 1970-1973, conducted …

The Subaltern Magazine, Rebecca Fox, Riese Nichols

Social Sciences

The Subaltern intends to reach Cal Poly students who do not feel as if their voices are heard and allow them the platform to share their stories. Our focus is on unheard stories from our campus - whether this involves race, class, gender identity, mental health, ethnicity, culture, or any unique part of one’s identity or experience. We hope that these stories will begin to shed light on what we usually consider “taboo” topics and allow students to feel as if they aren’t alone.

Being a very homogeneous campus, it is important for us to realize that privileged voices are …

La Determinación Social De La Enfermedad Renal Crónica De Causas No Tradicionales (Ercnt) En Guatemala / The Social Determination Of Chronic Kidney Disease Of Non-Traditional Causes (Ckdnt) In Guatemala, Alejandro Cerón

Anthropology: Faculty Scholarship

La Enfermedad Renal Crónica de Causas no Tradicionales (ERCnT) ha aumentado en los últimos 20 años, convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública importante que se observa principalmente en países de Centroamérica y Asia, afectando especialmente a trabajadores agrícolas jóvenes. La presencia de factores de riesgo relacionados con toxinas, medio ambiente y condiciones laborales sugiere una causa multifactorial, la cual puede que involucre la exposición a agroquímicos, contaminantes ambientales, y episodios repetidos de deshidratación. La comprensión de las condiciones sociales que unen estos factores en grupos específicos de población es fundamental para el desarrollo de programas de salud pública tendientes …

Paper House: The Revolution, The Disappeared, And The Historicity Of Lebanon, Elsa Saade

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis will be an attempt to reenact events in relation to the disappeared and the Lebanese civil war, with the help of newspaper cuts, oral history, theories on historical writing, memories, and books on Lebanon. As a prospective historian, the writer will be tapping into the internal event of thought processes and meaning of the past, as advised by R. G. Collingwood in The Idea of History. (Collingwood, 1946 ) That critical inquiry will only be at the service of understanding the present from the lens of a self-reflecting inquisitor that has faced many silences in a past …

Reclaiming Indiana: The Politics Of Crisis Amid The Failures Of Liberal Capitalist Modernity, Chris Grove

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This ethnography examines grassroots political responses to the economic crisis that began in 2008, foremost in the US Midwest, which arguably laid the groundwork both for the election of President Donald Trump and presidential candidacy of Senator Bernie Sanders. President Obama launched his $787 billion stimulus plan in Elkhart, Indiana, in early 2009. At the height of the crisis, unemployment skyrocketed from four to 20 percent in Elkhart, and it became central to struggles over the political direction of the US. With few safety nets, Elkhart residents struggled to meet their basic needs, creating conditions for political organizing on both …

Deportees In Mexico City, Ruth Gomberg-Munoz, Esmeralda Flores Marcial, Ana Laura Lopez, Magdalena Loredo, Adriana Sandoval, Reyna Wences, Dolores Unzueta, Rosi Carrasco, Martin Unzueta

Anthropology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Project Solidarity is a four-year, two-sited, mixed methods research project consisting of long-term community engagement, as well as semi-structured interviews with deportees, their family members, anti-deportation organizers, and deportee-rights organizers. The goals of the project are to: 1. understand US-based mechanisms of immigrant policing, detention, and deportation, especially from "sanctuary" zones; 2. identify urgent needs of recently arrived deportees in Mexico City; 3. explore mid- and long-term challenges to reintegration for deportees in Mexico; 4. expand binational networks of information, advocacy, and resource-sharing; 5. Inform and assist local immigrant and deportee rights efforts in Chicago and Mexico City.

Buen Suceso: A New Multicomponent Valdivia Site In Santa Elena, Ecuador, Sarah M. Rowe, Guy S. Duke

Anthropology Faculty Publications

New radiocarbon dates and excavations show that Buen Suceso (OSE-M-2M-4) in Santa Elena, Ecuador, was occupied between 3700 and 1425 BC. These dates demonstrate that Buen Suceso is a rare multicomponent Valdivia site and one of the longer-occupied Valdivia sites investigated to date.

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Nuevas excavaciones y fechados radiocarbónicos demuestran que Buen Suceso (OSE-M-2M-4; Santa Elena, Ecuador) estuvo habitado entre 3700 y 1425 aC (Valdivia, fase Ib a fase VIIIb). Estas fechas señalan que se trata de un sitio Valdivia multicomponente excepcional y uno de los habitado por más tiempo, entro los sitios Valdivia investigados hasta la fecha. El diseño …

A Chronological Analysis Of Fish Ridge, San Miguel Island, Channel Islands, California, David Faith

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

In this thesis, I discuss Fish Ridge on San Miguel Island. Fish Ridge is an area located on east San Miguel Island that contains numerous archaeological sites. For my thesis, I went to San Miguel Island in the summer of 2019 to collect 18 radiocarbon samples from five sites. In this thesis, I present the results of my analysis, which include radiocarbon dating, calibration of the radiocarbon dates, and Bayesian statistical analysis. I offer an interpretation of the results, including a discussion of them and avenues for future research.

Prior to this study, a comprehensive chronological analysis of Fish Ridge …

La Mera Verdad: Exploring Immigrant Latino Fatherhood, Jessica Martinez

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to gain a better understanding of the current experiences of immigrant Latino fathers and their families in Southern California, and to examine the barriers and facilitators that impacted their paternal involvement. The literature suggests that father-absence diminishes the ability of a child to thrive in life and yet immigrant Latino fathers are more at risk of all the factors that lead to father-absence, such as poverty and other added stressors. Likewise, these fathers have been noted to experience a lack of fathering in their childhood, which speaks on generational trauma creating the father wound …

Like Listening To A Seashell: A Midden Analysis From La Consentida, Oaxaca, Mexico, Steven Powell

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Oaxaca is a state in Southern Mexico with a long history of human occupation. In fact, some of the earliest village sites in Mexico are found there, dating to the Early Formative period (2000 – 1000 BCE). These early settlements provide archaeologists an opportunity to study a time period which saw increasing development of social complexity in Mesoamerica. For this thesis, I examined shellfish remains recovered from middens during excavation at the coastal Oaxacan site of La Consentida conducted by Dr. Guy Hepp in 2012 as part of the La Consentida Archaeological Project. I examine this material for evidence of …

Bathing Habit And Lifestyle Changing Bathroom Design And Facilities, Sri Fariyanti Pane

International Review of Humanities Studies

Indonesian people to have a habit of cleaning themselves by bathing with cold water. Hot climate and pollution make our activity in a bath twice a day, morning and afternoon or evening. The bathing habits depending on environmental circumstances in which they are located, whether in the village or in the city. Changes affecting the bathing habits of the interior design of a bathroom and shower. The interior design of the house, especially the bathroom and the toilet is required by the city people have different lifestyles with villagers. Social status to be a difference urban life, lifestyle became a …

Artistic Gaze Of Two Papuan Choreographers: Visual Perspectives Rooted In The Oral Traditions Of The Kamoro And Asmat Tribe, Madia Patra Ismar, Rahayu Pratiwi

International Review of Humanities Studies

This article is based on the artistic practice of two Papuan choreographers trained in the Jakarta Institute of the Arts Dance Study Program. Both based their choreographies on their traditional roots which were presented as site specific performances in their respective villages. The choice of visuals and dramatic bodily expressions created by them, though a new dance design, was based on their deeply ingrained roots as indigenous Papuans. The roots called upon to be re-interpreted as choreography were based on the oral traditions they grew up with as part of their identity. The focus in this article is on the …

Interior Restoration A.A Maramis Building Ministry Of Finance Of Indonesia: Developing Interior Concepts With The Principles Of Cultural Heritage Restoration, Ika Yuni Purnama

International Review of Humanities Studies

A.A Maramis is a palace building consisting of 3 floors with the 19th century Empire in Indonesia. This building represents the development of Indonesian architecture in the early 19th century. In the renovation planning that began at the end of 2019, the A.A Maramis building is expected to be a historical reminder of how important this agency is as well as the chronology of events that have occurred in the past in order to increase love for the nation and the motherland. In the planning of restoration is expected to become one of the attractive and educative tourism destination. Restoration …

Classical Batik Tradition And The Rifa'iyah Women, Adlien Fadlia

International Review of Humanities Studies

This research is a qualitative research using the phenomenological method. The research sample is women – therefore called the Rifa’iyah women – who make batik in Rifa’iyah community in the district of Batang, Central Java. Data collection techniques are applied by conducting interviews and observation guidelines. Data analysis techniques are used by using descriptive analysis. Women in the Rifa’iyah community have a prominent role to play in the productivity of batik. The Rifa’iyah people place batik not only as an economic commodity but also as a place for women in the public sphere, no longer only in the domestic area. …

Kuasa Atas Ruang Pembebasan’: The Resilience Ofwomen In Sasak Culture, Lucky Wijayanti

International Review of Humanities Studies

The Sasak tribe on Lombok island - West Nusa Tenggara, have traditional values and are applied through the social structure of their communities in daily life. Some existing customary values place women in irreplaceable positions. Even so, the existence of financial needs makes them work abroad as laborers, which indirectly results in the occurrence of divorce and early marriage. This is a problem for Sasak women in terms of survival in the Sasak culture. An ethnographic approach derived from Malinowski, the opinion of Svasek, and the value system framework from Kluckhohn are used in this study. This research concludes that …

Hijab In The Indonesian National Struggle, Mangesti Rahayu

International Review of Humanities Studies

Fashion and history cannot be separated, because fashion is one indicator of a change in culture, civilization, behavior, and certain identities. Vice versa, changes and developments in fashion are influenced by conditions at the time the fashion is developing, both the social, cultural, political, religious, economic and others. Fashion that is developing in Indonesia is Muslim fashion. One part of Muslim clothing is the hijab, headgear worn by Muslim women. Hijab is not only part of religious observance, hijab is already part of fashion and we can examine the hijab style of a society from its historical period. We can …