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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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2019

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Articles 3751 - 3780 of 26090

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Book Reviews Of Weaver-Zercher's Thrill Of The Chaste And Keiser's Pennsylvania German In The American Midwest, Sarah Jasmine Stork, Lara Downing Oct 2019

Book Reviews Of Weaver-Zercher's Thrill Of The Chaste And Keiser's Pennsylvania German In The American Midwest, Sarah Jasmine Stork, Lara Downing

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Over the course of her book, Valerie Weaver-Zercher guides us through an analysis of the constituents of the increasingly popular Amish-fiction genre. In particular, her chapters explore the content of stories that fall within the genre, the general writing style employed by authors of Amish fiction, the common ways that Amish fiction functions for readers, and a few concerns with regards to the genre that Weaver-Zercher finds worthy of additional attention. In discussing the content of Amish fiction, Weaver-Zercher not only presents common attributes of the main characters (especially the protagonist) but also establishes major themes in the story settings …

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Reliability And Validity Of A Scale To Measure Prejudice Toward Old Order Amish, William Mcguigan Oct 2019

Reliability And Validity Of A Scale To Measure Prejudice Toward Old Order Amish, William Mcguigan

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Numerous studies have examined prejudice in regard to race, age, sexual orientation, and gender, among others. However, there remains a paucity of research on prejudice toward Christian religious groups. In particular, prejudice towards one of America’s fastest growing religious groups, the Old Order Amish, is rarely examined. Using social categorization theory and based on McConahay’s modern and old-fashioned racism scale, an “Attitude Toward Amish” scale is developed and tested. Factor analysis revealed one dominant component and high internal reliability. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for future research of this rapidly growing population.

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Horse And Buggy Crash Study Iii: Low Illumination And The Sun’S Glare In Crashes Between Motor Vehicles And Amish / Old Order Mennonite Horse And Buggies, Cory Anderson Oct 2019

Horse And Buggy Crash Study Iii: Low Illumination And The Sun’S Glare In Crashes Between Motor Vehicles And Amish / Old Order Mennonite Horse And Buggies, Cory Anderson

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

The purpose of this study is to identify time periods of particular crash risk through the day for Amish and Old Order Mennonite horse & buggies. As suggested in prior studies, transitional illumination (dawn/dusk) may be a risk to travel because of a lighting situation that lowers visibility, and the sun’s glare at these same times may obstruct motorists’ vision. The speed differences between buggies and motor vehicles are already great; reduced vision compounds the problem of response time. To assess risk, I compare horse and buggy traffic counts to the times of horse & buggy crashes over a nine-year …

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Horse And Buggy Crash Study Ii: Overstretching The Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem's Abilities: Lessons From The Swartzentruber Amish, Cory Anderson Oct 2019

Horse And Buggy Crash Study Ii: Overstretching The Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem's Abilities: Lessons From The Swartzentruber Amish, Cory Anderson

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

For decades, the Swartzentruber sect of Amish have, for religious reasons, rejected state-level mandates for horse-drawn buggies to display the S.M.V. (slow-moving vehicle) emblem. Court cases in several states have suggested (1) confusion over what the emblem is supposed to accomplish, and (2) questions about the emblem's superiority to alternatives. Synthesizing evidence presented in several court cases involving the S.M.V. emblem and the Swartzentruber Amish, this study clarifies what the S.M.V. emblem can be expected to accomplish and in which domains it reaches its limits. The evidence is organized categorically and presented as a series of cues presented to the …

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Horse And Buggy Crash Study I: Common Crash Scenarios Between A Motor Vehicle And The Amish / Old Order Mennonite Horse And Buggy, Cory Anderson Oct 2019

Horse And Buggy Crash Study I: Common Crash Scenarios Between A Motor Vehicle And The Amish / Old Order Mennonite Horse And Buggy, Cory Anderson

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Horse and buggy transportation is spreading as rapidly as its Amish and Old Order Mennonite users are, as are buggy crashes with motor vehicles. This study examines the primary causes of 76 reported horse and buggy crashes in Pennsylvania in 2006. The main crash types identified include a motorist rear-ending a forward-moving buggy, a motorist striking the buggy while attempting to pass, buggy struck while crossing an intersection, and buggy struck while making a left turn. While causative factors varied, major factors include the motorist or buggy driver incorrectly comprehending speed differentials, the motorist acting carelessly around the buggy, and …

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Transport Practices In Amish Communities, James Warren, Marcus Enoch Oct 2019

Transport Practices In Amish Communities, James Warren, Marcus Enoch

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Car ownership is growing in many countries. While beneficial to individuals in many cases, this trend has often resulted in significant economic, social, and environmental costs to society more generally. In researching possible solutions, one approach is to look at particular areas or communities that exhibit less reliance on the car or are even ‘car free’ to some extent, in order to see if lessons can be learned. Accordingly, this study seeks to define and characterize transport practices in Amish communities—in groups located across the United States and Canada—which for religious reasons have eschewed the car. Specifically, the paper draws …

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Amish Workarounds: Toward A Dynamic, Contextualized View Of Technology Use, Lindsay Ems Oct 2019

Amish Workarounds: Toward A Dynamic, Contextualized View Of Technology Use, Lindsay Ems

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Interviews with northern Indiana Amish business owners reveal a tendency to create complex technological workarounds that allow them to abide by shared religious values while remaining competitive in the marketplace. These observations support theoretical approaches to understanding Amish technology use that view technology use as socially contextualized, dynamic and contested. It draws on literature from science and technology studies which views technology as an artifact that is socially constructed. The participants in this study report struggling to manage tensions between maintaining economic stability and traditional family, community, and religious values when deciding whether or not to adopt new technologies. These …

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The Amish—A People Of Preservation And Profitability: A Look At The Amish Industry In Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Joseph Harasta Oct 2019

The Amish—A People Of Preservation And Profitability: A Look At The Amish Industry In Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Joseph Harasta

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Throughout much of their existence, the Amish remained relatively unknown and/or misunderstood by much of American society other than those who lived in areas with visible Amish communities. However, beginning in the second half of the twentieth century, the popularization of the Amish became a profitable commodity. With ever-increasing media exposure of the Amish during this time, some Amish communities were quickly becoming tourist destinations. It was clear by this point that the growing numbers of sightseers and lines of tour buses could be a moneymaker for businesses near the Amish communities. In many respects, the Amish during this time …

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Amish Economic Transformations: New Forms Of Income And Wealth Distribution In A Traditionally “Flat” Community, Amyaz Moledina, David Mcconnell, Stephanie Sugars, Bailey Conner Oct 2019

Amish Economic Transformations: New Forms Of Income And Wealth Distribution In A Traditionally “Flat” Community, Amyaz Moledina, David Mcconnell, Stephanie Sugars, Bailey Conner

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

The basic contours of the Amish economic transformation over the past few decades have been well documented, including the demographic squeeze that pushed many Amish out of farming, their embrace of cottage industries and, to a lesser extent, factory labor, and the social and cultural dilemmas created by successful entrepreneurship. Yet the effects of increasing market entanglement on the distribution of income and assets in Amish communities are still poorly understood. In this exploratory study, we draw on publicly available data from the U.S. Census, the Ohio Amish Directory, and records from real estate transactions to map out the distribution …

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The Role Of Social Capital For Amish Entrepreneurs In Pursuing Informal Economic Opportunities, Sunny Jeong Oct 2019

The Role Of Social Capital For Amish Entrepreneurs In Pursuing Informal Economic Opportunities, Sunny Jeong

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

This study explores the specific types of social relationships that influence initiation into and involvement in informal businesses. In particular, it examines the social capital possessed by Amish entrepreneurs who establish home-based, off-the-books tourism businesses. This paper theoretically refines social capital by identifying three dimensions of social relations: cognitive, reciprocal, and structural. I explore the relationship between social capital and Amish involvement in tourism businesses by using measures of tie strength, expected roles in one’s network, structural equivalence of network position, common culture, and religion. The results suggest that neither tie strength nor diversity alone accounts for one’s involvement in …

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A Peculiar People Revisited: Demographic Foundations Of The Iowa Amish In The 21st Century, Elizabeth Cooksey, Joseph Donnermeyer Oct 2019

A Peculiar People Revisited: Demographic Foundations Of The Iowa Amish In The 21st Century, Elizabeth Cooksey, Joseph Donnermeyer

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

This article describes the demographic foundations of the Amish in Iowa. We note that since the publication of “A Peculiar People” by Elmer and Dorothy Schwieder in 1975, the demographic dynamics of the Amish have changed little. They remain a high fertility group; and when coupled with increases in their retention of daughters and sons in the Amish faith, the Amish are currently experiencing rapid population increase and settlement growth. In turn, the occupational base of the Iowa Amish has become more diverse and less reliant on agriculture. We observe that the first or founding families for new settlements in …

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The Amish Population: County Estimates And Settlement Patterns, Joseph Donnermeyer, Cory Anderson, Elizabeth Cooksey Oct 2019

The Amish Population: County Estimates And Settlement Patterns, Joseph Donnermeyer, Cory Anderson, Elizabeth Cooksey

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

This article presents the findings of a county-based estimate of the Amish population. The results are from work commissioned by the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies for the recently released 2010 U.S. Religion Census, plus research and updates associated with tracking the growth and geographic spread of Amish settlements in North America. County estimates are restricted to Amish church groups who rely on horse-and-buggy for travel. Using the terminology of the larger ASARB report, we break the Amish population into three groups: communicants (baptized members), non-baptized members (mostly children/young adults still living at home), and adherents (both baptized …

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Who Are The Plain Anabaptists? What Are The Plain Anabaptists?, Cory Anderson Oct 2019

Who Are The Plain Anabaptists? What Are The Plain Anabaptists?, Cory Anderson

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

I define the plain Anabaptists by answering two essential questions: “Who are the plain Anabaptists” and “What are the plain Anabaptists?” In asking “Who are the plain Anabaptists?” I investigate several dimensions of identity. First, I trace the history of seven religious traditions within Anabaptism: the Swiss Brethren/Mennonites, the Low German/Russian Mennonites, the Hutterites, the Amish, the Brethren, the Apostolic Christian Churches, and the Bruderhof. Second, I explore three categories of people in each group—mainline, conservative, and Old Order—describing the last two as “plain.” Third, I explore scales and indices on which plainness is measured, as well as other measures …

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Where Are The Plain Anabaptists?, Cory Anderson, Joseph Donnermeyer Oct 2019

Where Are The Plain Anabaptists?, Cory Anderson, Joseph Donnermeyer

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

This article discusses geographic analytical units of plain Anabaptist groups relevant for conceptualizing spatial dispersion across Canada and the United States. All plain Anabaptist groups are tied to the land, hence, the religious values, cultural traditions, and social organizations of plain Anabaptists are intimately and reciprocally bound up with geography. We discuss six geographic units of the plain Anabaptists and describe how we gathered information about their locations. These include: local church, local affiliation, settlement, region, broad affiliation, and global region. We present maps of their geographic distribution throughout Canada and the U.S., noting spatial patterns. Hence, this article provides …

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Data And Identity: Notes Toward A Theology Of The Digitally Enhanced Self, Michael Paulus Oct 2019

Data And Identity: Notes Toward A Theology Of The Digitally Enhanced Self, Michael Paulus

SPU Works

In the HBO-BBC miniseries "Years and Years," a teenager named Bethany (!) comes out as transhuman and tells her parents she wants to “live forever as information ... [to] be data!” As information about us increasingly takes the form of digital data, we are all of us becoming data. Indeed, so much of our attention and agency is engaged with digital information in digital environments that the philosopher Luciano Floridi describes us as “inforgs” living “onlife” in an “infosphere.” Through nearly constant and ubiquitous patterns of digital interactions with human and artificial agents, we are creating digitally extended and enhanced …

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Do Social Movements Encourage Young People To Run For Office? Evidence From The 2014 Sunflower Movement In Taiwan, Austin Horng-En Wang Oct 2019

Do Social Movements Encourage Young People To Run For Office? Evidence From The 2014 Sunflower Movement In Taiwan, Austin Horng-En Wang

Political Science Faculty Research

The 2014 Sunflower Movement led to rising political participation among young Taiwanese. Hence, opposition parties and civic groups created programs to support young candidates running in the village chief elections. Compared with the 2010 election, however, fewer young challengers ran in 2014, and they received fewer votes and won fewer seats. Propensity score matching shows that the presence of young candidates on ballots did not increase turnout. However, young candidates affected the election indirectly: young, new candidates attracted more votes from incumbents than from challengers and therefore decreased the incumbent re-election rate.

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Ending Pages, None None Oct 2019

Ending Pages, None None

JADARA

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9- Letter From The Editor, Randolph L. Mowry Oct 2019

9- Letter From The Editor, Randolph L. Mowry

JADARA

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8- Index To Volume 30, None None Oct 2019

8- Index To Volume 30, None None

JADARA

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Book Review, Charlotte Abrams Oct 2019

Book Review, Charlotte Abrams

JADARA

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Accommodations In The Workplace For People Who Are Hard Of Hearing: Perceptions Of Employees, Dayl Scherich, Randolph L. Mowry Oct 2019

Accommodations In The Workplace For People Who Are Hard Of Hearing: Perceptions Of Employees, Dayl Scherich, Randolph L. Mowry

JADARA

This report describes survey results which highlight current practices in the provision of workplace accommodations for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. Results show that situations considered the most difficult for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing are group or multi-speaker situations. However, the majority of accommodations requested and in use are more appropriate for one-on-one situations. Because respondents identified a limited number of accommodations in use in the workplace, it is felt that perhaps employers' and workers' lack knowledge about appropriate accommodation options. The following are recommended to facilitate workplace accommodations of employees who are …

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Evaluating Alcohol And Other Drug Use Problems With Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Persons, Debra Guthmann, Kathy Sandberg Oct 2019

Evaluating Alcohol And Other Drug Use Problems With Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Persons, Debra Guthmann, Kathy Sandberg

JADARA

Professionals who provide services to Deaf and hard of hearing individuals may encounter situations that could be related to the person's use of alcohol and/or other drugs. Accessing an agency that can provide an appropriate chemical dependency assessment for a Deaf or hard of hearing person is difficult since there are no formalized assessment tools normed or specifically designed to use with Deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Additionally, most assessors are unfamiliar with how to work with Deaf and hard of hearing people, less likely to be fluent in American Sign Language and unaware of appropriate treatment options. The …

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Issues Associated With Late Onset Deafness, Margery A. Rothschild, Charlene M. Kampfe Oct 2019

Issues Associated With Late Onset Deafness, Margery A. Rothschild, Charlene M. Kampfe

JADARA

Late deafened adults are individuals who have acquired a severe or profound hearing loss in adulthood. They comprise the largest proportion of the deaf population, yet little information is available about their condition and its influence on them. The current article will discuss problems experienced by late deafened adults, psychosocial aspects associated with late hearing loss, and suggestions that might assist professionals in working with these individuals. In addition to a literature review, personal accounts of the first author will be provided.

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Jadara Policy, None None Oct 2019

Jadara Policy, None None

JADARA

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Table Of Contents, None None Oct 2019

Table Of Contents, None None

JADARA

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Front Pages, None None Oct 2019

Front Pages, None None

JADARA

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Ending Pages, None None Oct 2019

Ending Pages, None None

JADARA

none

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Book Review, Peter J. Seiler Oct 2019

Book Review, Peter J. Seiler

JADARA

none

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Computer Speech Recognition: A New Tool For Sign Language Interpreters And Members Of The Deaf/Hard Of Hearing Community, Jack Johnson Oct 2019

Computer Speech Recognition: A New Tool For Sign Language Interpreters And Members Of The Deaf/Hard Of Hearing Community, Jack Johnson

JADARA

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Access For Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing People In The Public Domain: Where Are We?, Angela Doden, Jodie Redelsperger, Greg Long Oct 2019

Access For Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing People In The Public Domain: Where Are We?, Angela Doden, Jodie Redelsperger, Greg Long

JADARA

The enactment of disability-related legislation does not, unfortunately, guarantee compliance. This is particularly problematic for individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing. These individuals are most often handicapped not by their disability but rather by the unavailability of appropriate accommodations and technology. To address the impact of accommodations within the public domain two studies were conducted. The first study investigated telecommunication accessibility across government, emergency and private business numbers. Results indicated that these entities failed to answer their TTY calls almost 60% of the time. The second study assessed the availability of assistive technology for deaf and hard-of-hearing hotel …

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