Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Preventing Child Sexual Abuse And Juvenile Offending Through Parental Monitoring, Kelly E. Stewart

Dissertations and Theses

In this dissertation, I present three manuscripts to investigate the prevention of a range of crimes committed against, and by, youth, using parental monitoring or guardianship. In the first paper, I tested whether the routine activities of juvenile sexual offenders (JSOs) and their victims' caregivers was associated with the JSO being placed into a supervisory role, and whether subgroup differences existed in the use of modus operandi strategies between JSO supervisors and non-supervisors (Chapter II). Findings indicated that parents' need for childcare assistance predicted JSO supervisor status more strongly than perpetrators efforts to get the child alone or disruptions to …

Delay Discount Rate Moderates A Physical Activity Intervention Testing Immediate Rewards, Christine B. Phillips, Jane C. Hurley, Siddhartha S. Angadi, Michael Todd, Vincent Berardi, Melbourne Hovell, Marc A. Adams

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Financial incentives can increase physical activity (PA), but differences in the immediacy of reward delivery and individual differences in delay discount rates (i.e., higher discount values associated with less tolerance for delayed rewards) may explain differential responding. The current study tested whether delay discount rate moderated the relative effectiveness of immediate financial rewards on increasing daily PA. Inactive, overweight adults (ages 18–60, N = 96) were randomized to receive either smaller, immediate goal-contingent rewards or larger, delayed rewards for participation. Delay discount rates were derived for those who completed the Monetary Choice Questionnaire (N = 85). Linear mixed models tested …

Libraries As Indispensable Force For Access To Information And Sustainable National Development, Elizabeth Bukunola Lateef E.B.L, Ezekiel Olugbenga Adeyi E.O.A, Ozonuwe Opene Sunday 7317673

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper focus on the place of the library in providing access to information resources that will facilitate the attainment of sustainable development goal SDGs. The 17 point agenda adapted by United Nation in 2019 to be attained by 2030. The concept of Sustainable Development was carefully discussed. Nigeria peculiar situation as regards SDGs was critically examined with emphasis on the agreement between Senior Special Assistant to the President on SDGs (OSSAP-SDGs) and the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), to train graduating youths to become SDGs champions in the local communities and areas of national service they are deployed …

Communication & The Body Positivity Movement, Alyssa Cannaday

Student Scholar Showcase

The Body Positivity Movement has gained a presence on social media. In this study, social media outlets were examined (such as Twitter and Instagram) to explore the communication within the movement, both from those advocating body positivity and from individuals responding in the comments. A variety of respondents, most of whom were women, give a broad perspective of the movement as a whole. Some respondents who contribute their viewpoints have educational backgrounds in counseling or work in the field. Themes uncovered in this study reveal the Body Positivity Movement to be welcoming, open minded, and expressive of messages of self-love …

The Process Of Radicalization: Understanding The Road To Terrorism, Matt Slade

Student Scholar Showcase

This thesis attempted to create a better understanding of how the transition from Islamic and right-wing radicalization to violent terrorism occurs in Western countries. The hypothesis that was tested was that the greater level of radical actions an individual takes part in based on their extreme views, the greater likelihood that they will participate or attempt to participate in violent terrorism. There are eight fanatical behaviors that have to be combined with three contextual factors in order for a radical extremist to be pushed towards violence. This research added on to the Fanaticism school of thought that has been under-researched …

“You Are Sexist!” “No, I’M A Sports Reporter.” An Analysis Of Females’ And Males’ Portrayal In Print Media, Lauryn Beam

Student Scholar Showcase

Media itself has always been an outlet for the public. It has been used for entertainment, information, and a societal tool from the time when it was first advancing. Sport media is a genre all its own. There has always been a gender divide in sport and sport media. For this critical study, print media sources from different outlets were analyzed to compare two female athletes against two male athletes. The athletes being compared were Serena Williams and John McEnroe, as well as Brandi Chastain and Nicolas Anelka. Each article was analyzed for how the journalist portrayed the athlete, in …

The Effect Of The American Presidency On The Behavior Of American Citizens: A Glimpse Into How Donald Trump Has Affected The Behavior Of The American Population, Carter Elliott

Student Scholar Showcase

Using data from a Gallup Poll conducted in 2018, and data from recent major events within the United States, I argue that the President of the United States has a significant impact on the overall behavior of American Citizens. In the two years since Donald Trump has taken office many things have taken place in America that have not been previously seen in the last several decades, or ever. I examine case studies such as The Unite the Right Rally, The 2017 Women’s March on Washington, media viewership and approval, voter turn-out rates, and hate crimes, which support the hypothesis …

Working In A Man’S World — What, Like It’S Hard?: The Perception Of Female Attorneys In The Media, Emily Russell

Student Scholar Showcase

Abstract

The legal drama television series Blue Bloods, The Practice, Law and Order: Special Victims Unit, The Good Wife, How to Get Away with Murder, and Ally McBealfollow the various roles of a female attorney. For this study, these six television series were analyzed in order to identify the media’s perception of female attorneys. By completing a critical analysis of the aforementioned series, a multitude of perceptions based on gender was identified. Five themes occurred from those perceptions: physical attributes, relationships, work environment, litigation tactics, and personality traits. While some of these perceptions were positive, the media …

The Effects Of Cognitive Stimulation Of Instagram On Anxiety, Fear Of Missing Out, Memory, And Self-Esteem, Anna Destino

Student Scholar Showcase

With the increasing use of social media in the daily lives of undergraduate college students, it is important to investigate the effects of social media on anxiety level and memory. The current research considered the effect of overstimulation of social media, specifically Instagram, on anxiety level, self-esteem, fear of missing out, and memory. Lillard and Peterson (2011) found that overstimulating children’s televisions shows, such as SpongeBob, negatively impacted children’s impulsive behaviors and attention. Participants were divided into the control (coloring on an Ipad) or experimental (Instagram stimulation) group and after a set of pre-test questions regarding self-esteem and anxiety, participant …

The Impact Of Demographic Transition (Elderly Dependency Ratio) On Fiscal Balance, Patrick Nartey

Student Research Symposium

The united states currently is the third populous nation in the world after china and India. This represents about 4.5% of the world's population. the U.S population was estimated at 308.7 million during the 2010 census. The share of the population that is 65 and over keeps rising over the years .Over the last ten years the 65 and over population has jumped from 12.55 to 15%.This paper seeks to find the relationship between the fiscal balance and the demographic variables. Proper understanding of this dynamics enables policy-makers to develop pragmatic projection with regards to government expenditure on some essential …

Addressing Perinatal Mortality, Jamal-Jared Alexander, Sara Margetts, Emily Lowe

Student Research Symposium

Our research presents a proposed public health program which will address and provide activities related to training mental health providers, establish a perinatal-specific mom-baby inpatient treatment unit, and incorporate FDA approved pharmacological treatments alongside standard evidence-based treatment modalities. This evidence-based treatment program will be available near but separate from all inpatient psychiatric treatment facilities (i.e. our target population) as a long-term goal, but our program aims to pilot a program in a single large metropolitan hospital psychiatric ward (i.e. our recipient audience). We will take an innovative approach that requires a local early-adopter to demonstrate its feasibility and value before …

Suicide Prevention In Secondary Schools, Justin Vance

Student Research Symposium

To aid teachers with intense time constraints, the following summary includes the bolded, most important points in the paper Thank you for caring about your students; by doing more than just teaching your content, you will change lives and may save some Teachers are not responsible for student suicide; we carry enough responsibility already Genuine, assertive communication of confidence and support fosters the safe environment needed Improvements to how we view and speak about suicide can help reshape how young people think about it As young men lose what they care about in pursuit of popular disinterest they lose what …

Parenting Classes For Aces Prevention, Melissa Wells

Student Research Symposium

This presentation will be an in progress report of my Spring 2019 URCO grant project Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can impact a person's life dramatically. However, the number one protective factor for preventing negative outcomes of trauma is by having a stable trustworthy adult in a child's life. The purpose of this study is to help local parents in Richmond, UT learn additional effective parenting strategies that support bonding ties and parent success in interacting with their children as well as prevent unnecessary stress in the family. In addition, we are looking for recurring patterns that indicate which parenting strategies …

The Effects Of Framing On Perceptions Of Others, Emily Brown, Ashley Kohinke

Student Scholar Showcase

The purpose of this study was to further research the effects of framing social issues (privilege or discrimination) on racial attitudes and willingness to confront prejudice. In our study, we used two dependent measures, the Race Implicit Attitudes Test (IAT) and the White Privilege Attitudes Scale (WPAS). Participants were separated s into three conditions: framing discrimination (group 1), framing white privilege (group 2) and a control group (group 3). A pretest-posttest design was used to examine if scores on the WPAS and Race IAT would change when participants were given statements framed towards white privilege and discrimination. A control group …

The Role Of Income Inequality As A Predictor Of Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, Daniel Friedberg

Student Scholar Showcase

The role of income inequality in relation to gross domestic product is of great importance in modern time. Income inequality is a pressing phenomenon in the fields of economics, politics, and sociology, while Gross Domestic Product is the benchmark statistic in measuring the health of any economy. But how well does income inequality serve as a predictor for the level of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) GDP per capita within a nation? This cross-sectional study determines that the GINI Index has no significant statistical relationship with PPP GDP per capita level. While income inequality is a major economic variable that contributes …

Emotional Labor, Gender, And Social Interaction In Animal Care, Michael Briscoe

Student Research Symposium

Animal caretakers fill an important role in society - performing both hard and dirty work as they look after animals, and the overwhelming majority of nonfarm animal caretakers are women. This ethnographic study was conducted over the course of 11 weeks at an animal boarding facility. It finds that caring for animals is emotionally taxing labor, and that employees feel this type of work is particularly suited for women - though the exact reasons why vary. The animals themselves often serve as social facilitators between both staff and customers as employees navigate the stressful environment.

To Frack Or Not To Frack: Hearing The Voice Of The People, Megan Aagard, Mo Uasike

Student Research Symposium

Over the course of the the last decade Hydraulic Fracturing or Fracking has become an increasingly popular practice throughout the United States, specifically in rural areas. This industry has been the cause of expanded debates in communities that are nearby fracking site locations. The citizens opinions on fracking can be affected by factors such as environmental consequences, personal and public health concerns, employment opportunities, tax increase and decrease, state and county income and population fluctuation. The focus of our study is to incorporate qualitative analysis data by collecting information found by using interviews conducted with employees of fracking sites and …

"I Don't Want To Have A Weird Relationship With You, So I'M Trying": Relational Turning Points And Trajectories Of Ex-Lds Children And Their Active Lds Parents, Jared Worwood

Student Research Symposium

The doctrine and practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (also known as the LDS or Mormon Church) require high levels of commitment and involvement. As a result, like many high-cost religions, not only does the LDS church influence the identities of its members, but it is also extensively integrated into the everyday life of LDS families (Scheitle & Adamczyk, 2010; Loser, Klein, Hill, & Dollahite, 2008; Airhart & Bendroth, 1996). Besides being instructed that it is their divine mandate to teach their children the gospel of the church (Nelson, 2001; Viñas, 2010), LDS parents are also …

Konaway Nikka Tillicum Native American Youth Academy: Cultural Identity, Self-Esteem, Academic Optimism, Tammie Barrett

Student Research Symposium

Through using a Positive Youth Development framework and culturally based education program, Konaway Nikka Tillicum Native American Youth Academy aspires to mentor and prepare Native youth through high school and on to higher education. This community-based participatory research partnership investigated cultural identity, self-esteem, and academic optimism of Native American youth attending the academy. The variables examined were found to be significantly related to one another and to have increased significantly from baseline to post-intervention. Additionally, none of the measured factors were predictive of participants overall GPA at baseline. Lastly, the relationship between cultural identity and academic optimism appeared to be …

Health Care Provider Recruitment And Retention In Millard County, Utah, Ron Draper

Student Research Symposium

Millard County, Utah with its remote rural location and low population density has experienced recurring problems with recruiting and retaining primary care health care providers. By conducting a series of in-depth interviews with current and past health care providers as well as administrators involved in the recruitment efforts, this research aims to improve the understanding of the root causes of provider recruitment and retention failures in Millard County. Findings of this study will help us design more effective methods of recruiting and retaining health care providers in the county. Lessons learned from Millard County may also provide valuable insights for …

High Reliability In A Constrained Environment, Isaac Rhea

Student Research Symposium

This paper seeks to understand the effects of formal and informal constraints on the operations and success of Highly Reliable Teams. Constraints reduce the risks that are inherently present during missions, but formal constraints, such as policies and standard operating procedures, are limited by the ability of regulators and teams to anticipate problems. Culture, social norms, and other informal constraints are not subject to the same limitation, and develop over time to support the process of complex problem solving in emergency response situations.

How Competing With Male Athletes Affects The Way Female Athletes Perceive Their Worth As An Athlete, Cierra Brown

Student Scholar Showcase

This research aims to discover what female athletes thought about playing with male athletes and how that may affect their perceptions on themselves. To figure out the different perspectives on the subject, articles were utilized in the study and female athletes on a liberal arts college campus in Central Virginia as well. Some of these articles include, Mixed-team Sports: Why Gender Doesn’t Matter and Why Co-Ed Sports Leagues Are Never Really Co-Ed . For the research it was important to formulate a survey for a women’s basketball team, women’s soccer team, and women’s lacrosse team at a liberal arts college …

Age Status Effects On Female Silk Production And Male Courtship Response In Dolomedes Scriptus, Joseph Osborne

Student Scholar Showcase

Female Dolomedes scriptus, the striped fishing spider, serve as model organisms exhibiting pheromone production as a means of chemical signaling. Previous work has shown that male fishing spiders are responsive to female silk, and preferentially court in the presence of silk from mature virgins. In our research, we hypothesized that mature females produced larger quantities of silk than penultimate females in an attempt to elicit greater male mating response. Female spiders of both age statuses were kept for two days in a gridded tank. Sub-sampling of silk lines that crossed a random portion of the grid produced results signifying …

Countermovement To Marketization Of Water (A Comparative Study Between Iran And Us), Elham Hoominfar

Student Research Symposium

Environmental movements are one of the important sources of resistance against degradations which are results of economic or development projects in natural resources and the marketization of the environment (Wolford &Keene, 2015; Robbins, 2012; and 2004; McAfee & Shapiro, 2010; Spronk, 2007; Escobar, 2004). Since the 1970s, environmental protests have become more and more influential with regard to neoliberal environmental policy. Environmental movements, as examined within the context of political ecology, reveal the unequal distribution of power in terms of control of the environment and access to natural resources (Robbins 2012). The study focuses on two water transfer projects to …

Typed Document: The College And University Women’S Public Leadership Consortium Award List

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Outstanding Senior Women's Leadership award list of names and associated schools. The College and University Women's Public Leadership Consortium letterhead. No date given.

Predicting U.S. Adolescents' Purchasing Of Denim Jeans Using Quality Attributes, Behavioral Characteristics, And Sociodemographics, Michelle Clouse

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of this study was to establish a predictive model of the factors that contribute to the decision-making process when purchasing denim by 13- to 19-year-old adolescents living in the U.S. The researcher created an online survey through Qualtrics and administered it to an opt-in panel of adolescents, through Centiment. There were 460 survey responses collected. Important denim attributes to respondents included comfort and fit, price, durability, and body perception. Significant predictors that increased respondents' intention to purchase denim jeans included intrinsic attributes-appearance of fabric on the body, cognitive attributes, tighter fit, and purchased denim in the last three …

Evaluating The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services To Treat Performance Problems Of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities, Brian Hess

Student Research Symposium

Unemployment continues to be a problem for individuals with disabilities. Supported employment provides occupational supports for the acquisition and maintenance of employment. While there are resources available to use when providing these supports, individuals who are involved may benefit from a systematic tool to assess and treat performance problems of individuals with disabilities. The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services (PDC-HS) is an experimentally validated tool used to address performance problems with employees in human services settings. This study evaluated the application of the PDC-HS to three adults with intellectual disabilities working in supported employment. Researchers evaluated the tool by assessing and …

Automaticity Of Place Value Processing In Dual Language Immersion Second Graders, Emily Speed

Student Research Symposium

Differences in levels of numerical system transparency in Mandarin Chinese and English may affect how children learn and process two-digit numbers. Mandarin has a very transparent system in which the spoken and written system map precisely onto the base-10 structure in a predictable and regular pattern. In contrast, English has an irregular number system; historical sound changes have created irregularities in number-naming through the -teen and decade numbers that make it difficult for young children to learn to count and process two-digit numbers. Typically, English-speaking children up to about age 9 or 10 use decomposed sequential processing, in which two-digit …

The Social Justice Of Everyday Priority Queues, Megan Albrechtsen

Student Research Symposium

In many capacity constrained systems, customers' wait times lengthen as the demand for service increases and operational resources tighten. In order to combat this, organizations hav started offering transparent queue priority to customers through "fast pass" type access. Through differing mechanisms, organizations have been dedicating resources to priority queues in hope that satisfaction of high-value or high-use customers will increase with the promise of shorter wait times. In this research, we question the assumption that shorter wait times always lead t higher satisfaction in light of procedural justice concerns raised by priority access. Most notably we explore the conditions in …

Socioenvironmental Factors And The Birthplace Effect: An Exploration Of Community "Sweet Spots" In Elite Level Basketball, Jaxson Webb, Marcus Myers

Student Research Symposium

Past research has indicated that both the population and population density of an athlete's hometown can impact their chance of reaching the elite levels of their sport. Termed the birthplace effect, this phenomenon is sport-specific, with varying population parameters leading to elite performance across sports and cultures (Côté et al., 2006; Hancock et al., 2017; Imtiaz et al., 2014). Vierimaa, Hancock, and Budziszewski (2018) recently studied the birthplace effect in basketball, and found that cities with populations ranging from 100,000 to 999,999 and with population densities between 1,000 and 4,999 sq/km were especially adept at cultivating elite players. The present …