Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Job Quality In Jordan: An Analysis Based On A Job Quality Index (Jqi), Ibrahim Alhawarin, Mamdouh Al Salamat

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Drawing on different microlevel datasets, this working paper constructs a Job Quality Index (JQI) for Jordanian wage and salary workers for 2000–07. Factor Analysis is utilized to compile a JQI based on the following four dimensions: adequate earnings, underemployment and overemployment, and social security. Main findings are: 1) JQI appears to have improved in 2007 compared to the mid-2000s; 2) There exists a persistent gender gap in favor of male workers. Good jobs as a percentage of total jobs held by females appear to decline in 2007, unlike males, whose share of good jobs grew in 2007. No sign of …

Job Quality In Jordan: An Analysis Based On A Job Quality Index (Jqi) [Arabic], Ibrahim Alhawarin, Mamdouh Al Salamat

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

Trade Liberalization, Inter-Industry Wage Differentials And Job Quality In Egyptian Manufacturing, Shireen Al Azzawi, Mona Said

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This working paper investigates the impact of trade openness on wage and job quality outcomes in the Egyptian manufacturing sector over a period of rapid trade liberalization. Results indicate that institutional factors of job quality (social security, medical insurance, a contract, paid casual leave, paid sick leave, and membership in a trade union) have the strongest correlation with the trade variables and the industry-specific characteristics used in the analysis. Tariff reduction per se, does not seem to have had a significant impact on either wages or job quality. On the other hand, increased export orientation exerts a strong positive impact …

Toward Fgm-Free Villages In Egypt: A Mid-Term Evaluation And Documentation Of The Fgm-Free Village Project, Ghada Barsoum, Nadia Rifaat, Omaima El-Gibaly, Nihal Elwan, Natalie Forcier

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Population Council report is a mid-term evaluation and documentation of the process and approach of the FGM-Free Village Model in Egypt. The objective of this report is to create a knowledge base of information to support policy dialogue on female genital mutilation (FGM) and to assist in transferring knowledge about the model to other communities across Egypt and other countries where FGM is practiced. Impact evaluation at the community level shows the significant impact of the project in changing views and attitudes toward FGM among intervention groups. However, it also shows that FGM is an entrenched generational problem that …

Ethnic Fertility Differentials In Vietnam And Their Proximate Determinants, Sajeda Amin, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Southeast Asia’s rapid economic growth and demographic change have brought divergent fertility behaviors, particularly those of socially excluded groups, into sharper focus. This paper explores proximate determinants of fertility across ethnic groups using a new classification system for ethnicity in Vietnam based on poverty indicators, location, and degree of assimilation of ethnic groups. For the ethnic groups that have high fertility, two major contributors are earlier childbearing and lower rates of abortion due to strong ideological opposition. Our evidence suggests that population policies will need to extend beyond provision of contraception and abortion services to address the question of early …

Global Trends In Aids Mortality, John Bongaarts, Francois Pelletier, Patrick Gerland

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This working paper reviews the evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and provides estimates of past trends and future projections of AIDS mortality indicators, including numbers of AIDS deaths, the proportion of all deaths that are due to AIDS, and life expectancy. A cumulative total of 24 million people have died from AIDS between 1980 and 2007, and by 2030 this total is projected to reach 75 million. Despite the rapid spread of this new disease during the 1980s and 1990s, the epidemic has reached a major turning point in recent years as the rate of new infections peaked and began …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Liberia 2007, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Liberia 2007” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Guatemala 2002/2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Guatemala 2002/06” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Philippines 2003, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Philippines 2003” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

Étude Approfondie Sur Les Adolescents : Exploiter Les Données Pour Identifier Et Atteindre Les Jeunes Les Plus Vulnérables—Niger 2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

«Étude Approndie sur les adolescents—Exploiter les données pour identifier et atteindre les jeunes les plus vulnérables: Niger 2006» fait partie d'une série de guides du Population Council, qui se basent essentiellement sur les données des Enquêtes démographiques et de santé, pour fournir aux décideurs à tous les niveaux—des gouvernements, des organisations non gouvernementales et des groupes de plaidoyer—des données sur la situation des adolescentes, des garçons et des jeunes femmes âgées de 10–24 ans. Les données sont présentées sous forme de graphiques, de tableaux et de cartes (dans la mesure du possible), soit de nombreux formats pour rendre l'information accessible …

Ensuring Education For All In Jharkhand: Highlighting The Obstacles, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The extent to which India will be able to successfully harness its demographic dividend depends significantly on the situation of its youth, notably on the levels of education and market-oriented skills they attain. While many states have made progress on the education front, many other states, including Jharkhand, have lagged behind. Lack of educational facilities for youth is a major concern acknowledged in the Jharkhand Youth Policy 2007. Looking at the current educational situation of youth in Jharkhand, this policy brief argues that significant investments in terms of appropriate policies and programs are required to: enable the state to achieve …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Executive Summary, Bihar, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This executive summary presents, in brief, findings on the situation of youth in Bihar, part of a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. Transitions include those related to education, workforce participation, sexual activity, marriage, health and civic participation, the magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within, and outside of marriage, as well as related knowledge, decision-making, and attitudes. The project was implemented in six states of India, namely, …

Measures Of Job Quality In Morocco: Creating A Composite Index [Arabic], Touhami Abdelkhalek, Aziz Ajbilou, Mohamed Benkassmi

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Benin 2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Benin 2006” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Ghana 2003, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Ghana 2003” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Mali 2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Mali 2006” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Uganda 2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Uganda 2006” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Egypt 2005, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Egypt 2005” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Moldova 2005, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Moldova 2005” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

Youth Participation In Civil Society And Political Life In Jharkhand, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Youth participation in civil society and political life is increasingly recognized as an important development objective. The opportunities for participation that young people experience in their communities may influence their development and the kind of transitions they make to adulthood. Behaviors and attitudes relating to community participation that individuals adopt as young people predict their lifelong civic affiliations and perspectives. In India, the National Youth Policy 2003 has underscored the role of India’s youth in political decision-making, and has argued for greater representation of youth in appropriate bodies as well as more extensive youth participation in the design and implementation …

Youth Participation In Civil Society And Political Life In Bihar, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Youth participation in civil society and political life is increasingly recognized as an important development objective. The opportunities for participation that young people experience in their communities may influence their development and the kind of transitions they make to adulthood. Moreover, behaviors and attitudes relating to community participation that individuals adopt as young people predict their lifelong civic affiliations and perspectives. In India, the National Youth Policy 2003 underscored the role of India’s youth in political decision-making and argued for greater representation of youth in appropriate bodies as well as more extensive youth participation in the design and implementation of …

Romance And Sex Before Marriage Among Young Women And Men In Rajasthan, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Premarital partnerships among youth, including those that do not involve sexual relations, are widely discouraged in India. There is a widespread perception that youth do not find opportunities to mix and form romantic relationships and that premarital sex is negligible. These kinds of perceptions are often cited to argue against the provision of sex or family life education and sexual and reproductive health services to unmarried young people. While several small and unrepresentative studies have noted that sizable proportions of young people, particularly young men, are sexually active before marriage, the lack of rigorous and representative evidence on the levels …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Executive Summary, Tamil Nadu [Tamil], International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This executive summary presents findings on the situation of youth in Tamil Nadu, part of a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. Transitions include those related to education, workforce participation, sexual activity, marriage, health and civic participation, the magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within, and outside of marriage, as well as related knowledge, decision-making, and attitudes. The project was implemented in six states of India: Andhra Pradesh, …

Female-Initiated Prevention: Integrating Female Condoms Into Hiv Risk-Reduction Activities In Kenya, Population Council, Liverpool Vct Care & Treatment

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Female Condom (FC) is the only female-initiated prevention product on the market today that provides simultaneous protection against STIs, including HIV, and unintended pregnancy. However, the FC remains limited in supply, not widely available, and underutilized in many settings. Improvements in FC programming are essential to achieve increased uptake and public health impact, and to pave the way for future women’s HIV prevention products. The Population Council’s Female-Initiated Prevention Methods project aimed to stimulate action and generate evidence around FC access through innovative program experimentation. The study was conducted to understand the challenges and opportunities these different access models …

And How Will You Remember Me, My Child? Redefining Fatherhood In Turkey, Gary Barker, Deniz Dogruoz, Debbie Rogow

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité profiles the AÇEV Father Support Program, a series of 13-week-long support groups for fathers across Turkey. Fatherhood (and men’s roles in the lives of children in general) is an ideal starting point for engaging men in gender equality for two key reasons: most men want to be involved in the lives of children, whether their own biological children or younger siblings, nieces, or nephews; and responsibility for the care of children is at the heart of gender inequality. The program reached nearly 10,000 men, teaching them about their role in the development of their children and …

“Weekend Update” And The Tradition Of New Journalism, Paul Achter

Rhetoric and Communication Studies Faculty Publications

“Weekend Update,” like much of SNL, saw itself as a show talking back to the media, as “television’s antidote to television, to all the bad things–corrupt, artificial, plastic, facile–that TV entertainment had become.”³ The show sought this influence in a period of heavily publicized official corruption: it’s not a coincidence that the segment, which Chevy Chase hosted on SNL’s first show, debuted on the heels of Nixon’s resignation over Watergate and Johnson’s lies about Vietnam. These abuses of power led not only to widespread disappointment with Washington politics and politicians, but to a kind of skepticism about journalism and …

Between Pierce (1878) And James (1898): G. Stanley Hall, The Origins Of Pragmatism And The History Of Psychology, David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

This article focuses on the 20-year gap between Charles S. Peirce's classic proposal of pragmatism in 1877-1878 and William James's equally classic call for pragmatism in 1898. It fills the gap by reviewing relevant developments in the work of Peirce and James and by introducing G. Stanley Hall, for the first time, as a figure in the history of pragmatism. In treating Hall and pragmatism, the article reveals a previously unnoted relation between the early history of pragmatism and the early history of the "new psychology" that Hall helped to pioneer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Faith, Librarianship And Technology, Garrett B. Trott

The Christian Librarian

Technology is transforming many venues. Some suggest that the transformation is happening much too quickly, others suggest not quickly enough. As Christians, we have a responsibility to observe this technological transformation through the lens of faith and act upon what we learn. As academic librarians, we have a responsibility to use technology to further the spread of resources to our patrons. How does a Christian librarian respond to changes? Is there a measuring rod by which technology should be evaluated?

This article argues that relationships are the measuring rod by which technology should be evaluated; relationships meaning not simply a …

What Do Meatpackers & Librarians Have In Common? Library Related Injuries And Possible Solutions, Robert E. Kaehr

The Christian Librarian

This article examines the benefit of exercise to alleviate or prevent injuries common to librarians and library staff. The library literature discusses some interventions such as ergonomics and corrective surgery regarding work-related injuries, but it barely mentions prevention especially as it relates to exercise. Insurance claims filed by library workers rack up thousands of dollars each year. In addition, lost time at work to correct work-related injuries adds much frustration and lost production. Alleviating or eliminating many such occurrences is possible by initiating and maintaining simple exercise programs. Numerous exercises are given that if used conscientiously will curtail the need …

Next-Generation Librarianship: The Revolution Begins, Kimberley Wilcox, Shelley Harrell

The Christian Librarian

This article describes the distinctive traits, workplace habits, professional needs, and career goals of librarians from Generation X (born 1965-1979) and the Millennial generation (born 1980-1994). The authors discuss the opportunities and challenges presented by the entry of “next-generation” librarians into the workplace; they also offer practical advice for current library managers who wish to maximize the leadership potential of next-generation librarians.