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Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Theses/Dissertations

2017

Articles 31 - 60 of 92

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire In Vegans And Omnivores, Sydney Heiss Jan 2017

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire In Vegans And Omnivores, Sydney Heiss

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) has been shown to be a valid and reliable measure of eating-related pathology; however, the original four-factor structure has proven difficult to replicate in diverse samples of respondents. Based on the differences in dietary patterns in vegans that are often interpreted as indicative as greater eating disorder symptoms, proper measurement of eating disorder measures is especially important. The purpose of this study was to compare goodness-of-fit of five alternative models of the EDE-Q in a sample of vegans recruited from the community (i.e., individuals refraining from all animal products, n = 395) and undergraduate …

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Fighting For Protections : Challenging The 21st Century Sweatshop In New York State, Jacqueline Hayes Jan 2017

Fighting For Protections : Challenging The 21st Century Sweatshop In New York State, Jacqueline Hayes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines how neoliberalism and immigration enforcement between 1980 and 2010 changed the nature of ‘sweated’ work in the U.S. This dissertation focuses on the particular case of Latino undocumented workers in New York State and the organizations fighting to win them protections. In order to answer my research questions, I conducted 30 semi-structured interviews over the course of 2 years (2013-2015), examined immigration enforcement data, and analyzed U.S. immigration and welfare policies between 1980 and the present. Research interviews made clear that both the lack of social and legal protections alongside the threat of immigration enforcement have a …

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Redefining Murder : A Qualitative Exploration Of Emotion And Identity Following Loss Of A Loved One To Homicide, Kristen Lee Hourigan Jan 2017

Redefining Murder : A Qualitative Exploration Of Emotion And Identity Following Loss Of A Loved One To Homicide, Kristen Lee Hourigan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation research project is a qualitative exploration of emotion and identity following loss of a loved one to homicide. It answers the questions, “How do individuals who have lost loved ones to homicide understand and experience forgiveness, and how does this vary by social distance from the offender and social position (race, gender, social class, age, religion, and education)?” and “How do forgiveness processes relate to identity?” It uses a symbolic interactionist framework and draws upon several diverse literatures including identity theory and affect control theory in sociology, research on forgiveness and empathy in psychology, and concepts from restorative …

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The Association Of Comorbid Chronic Physical Conditions And Psychological Illness With Health Care Utilization In Middle-Aged And Older People, Allison Houston Jan 2017

The Association Of Comorbid Chronic Physical Conditions And Psychological Illness With Health Care Utilization In Middle-Aged And Older People, Allison Houston

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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Examining Influence Of Domain Transition And Spouse Reaction On Relationship Between Employee's Job Demands And Turnover Intention, Youjeong Huh Jan 2017

Examining Influence Of Domain Transition And Spouse Reaction On Relationship Between Employee's Job Demands And Turnover Intention, Youjeong Huh

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study examines the association between job demands and employee turnover intention. Data included measures of job demands, family-to-work transition, focal employee work-family-conflict, spouse’s perception of focal employee’s work-family-conflict, spouse’s perception of psychological contract violation towards focal employee’s organization, and employee turnover intention. Utilizing 158 pairs of dual-earner couples in the U.S., the author tested the proposed relationships among work-family conflict, spousal attitudes toward the organization, and employee turnover intention. Results showed that the frequency of family-to-work transition moderated the relationship between job demands and spouse’s perception of focal employee’s WFC mediated by focal employee WFC only in male …

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A Brief Motivational Intervention For Marijuana Use In College Students, Vivian S. Hwang Jan 2017

A Brief Motivational Intervention For Marijuana Use In College Students, Vivian S. Hwang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The prevalence of marijuana use has risen among young adults, and marijuana is

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Aiding Repression? : The Effects Of U.S. Military Aid On Conflict Intensity And Civilian Targeting, Amira Jadoon Jan 2017

Aiding Repression? : The Effects Of U.S. Military Aid On Conflict Intensity And Civilian Targeting, Amira Jadoon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This three-essay dissertation contributes to a nuanced theoretical and empirical understanding of the links between international security, foreign aid and political violence. It examines how U.S military aid interacts with domestic conflict processes to affect the nature and magnitude of violence within recipient countries. As such, it assesses the usefulness of foreign aid to promote international security, by investigating its implications on conflict intensity and civilian targeting by state and non-state actors.

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Essays On The Role Of Uncertainty In The Economy, Amalia Sarah Jerison Jan 2017

Essays On The Role Of Uncertainty In The Economy, Amalia Sarah Jerison

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In this dissertation, I study how uncertainty interacts with firm dynamics to affect aggregate economic variables. The first chapter proposes a measure of uncertainty based on forecaster surveys and compares it with another measure developed by Jurado, Ludvigson and Ng (2015). This chapter first investigates whether fluctuations in survey composition make the survey uncertainty measure too dependent on the identity of participating forecasters. An extension of the Breusch and Pagan (1979) test due to Breitung, Roling and Salish (2016) rejects constancy of parameters in regressions of GDP growth on survey uncertainty as the subsets of the forecasters differ. However, the …

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Motivation To Adopt : Understanding Nonprofit Inter-Organizational Collaboration In Delivery Of Social Services, Sung-Eun Kim Jan 2017

Motivation To Adopt : Understanding Nonprofit Inter-Organizational Collaboration In Delivery Of Social Services, Sung-Eun Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Inter-organizational collaboration has been emphasized by governments, nonprofit funders, and community-based nonprofits for service integration and capacity building. As collaboration has become one of the big buzzwords in nonprofit management and public policy, a large number of studies have focused on cross-sectoral collaborations such as government-nonprofit relationships (Boris & Steuerle, 2006; Bryson, 2011; Gazley, 2008; Gazley & Brudney, 2007; Salamon, 1987, 1995; Young, 2006). However, little attention has been paid to collaboration between community-based nonprofits (Provan, Milward, & Isett, 2002; Takahashi & Smutny, 2001), and the existing literature stays short of specifying the unique features of collaboration between them (Guo …

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The Influence Of Academic Momentum And Associate Degree Credit Requirements On Community College Student Degree Completion, Daniel Knox Jan 2017

The Influence Of Academic Momentum And Associate Degree Credit Requirements On Community College Student Degree Completion, Daniel Knox

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study addresses gaps in the theoretical and policy literature by examining the relationship between associate degree program credit requirements and four student outcomes: associate degree attainment, time to degree, final associate degree grade point average, and persistence. Using student unit record data, a longitudinal quantitative study of a cohort of community college students was conducted for the observational period of fall semester 2011 through winter semester 2016, in order to determine if community college students enrolled in academic programs with higher minimum credit requirements have different outcomes than students in programs with lower minimum credit requirements.

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Understanding The Working Alliance And Alliance Ruptures In Online Psychotherapy From The Therapist's Perspective, Laura Kortz Jan 2017

Understanding The Working Alliance And Alliance Ruptures In Online Psychotherapy From The Therapist's Perspective, Laura Kortz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Online psychotherapy using text-based technologies has become increasingly popular in the last two decades, and a burgeoning literature attests to its efficacy as a treatment for a variety of mental health concerns. Moreover, evidence suggests that the working alliance is rated as highly online as it is in face-to-face therapy, yet little is known about how psychotherapists develop strong alliances with their clients in text-based environments. This qualitative study was conducted to investigate psychotherapists’ experiences forming therapeutic relationships with their clients in online environments, identifying and repairing alliance ruptures, and their perceptions of differences and similarities between these processes online …

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Code Switching, Lexical Borrowing, And Polylanguaging In Valencian Spanish : An Analysis Of Data From Conversational Corpora And Twitter, Andrew Jordan Lavender Jan 2017

Code Switching, Lexical Borrowing, And Polylanguaging In Valencian Spanish : An Analysis Of Data From Conversational Corpora And Twitter, Andrew Jordan Lavender

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study examines lexical borrowing, code switching, and polylanguaging in Valencian Spanish to better understand how each is used differently in oral conversation in comparison with online communication on Twitter. This study compares data collected from three published corpora of oral interviews of speakers of Valencian Spanish with data collected from Twitter profiles of individuals residing in Valencia. In each of the sources Spanish is the preferred code into which Valencian material is inserted. A unique feature of data from the published corpora is the high frequency of code switching (CS) into Valencian in instances of reported speech. With regard …

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Exploring The Role Of Escapism In The Dsm-V Criteria For Internet Gaming Disorder : A Meta-Analytic Investigation, Yeonggeul Lee Jan 2017

Exploring The Role Of Escapism In The Dsm-V Criteria For Internet Gaming Disorder : A Meta-Analytic Investigation, Yeonggeul Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been included in the DSM-5 in a preliminary endorsement of excessive video gaming as a behavioral disorder. Further research is required to validate IGD because some criteria are controversial in diagnostic accuracy. Escapism is one such criterion. Despite some research evidence of escapism as the strongest motivational predictor of IGD, recent investigations found that the escapism criterion is highly questionable. Because of the inclusion of escapism in initial IGD measures, previous studies have produced evidence of escapism as a predictor of IGD owing to a tautology. Thus, the present study examined the effect of gaming …

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Cumulative Risk And Chinese Adolescent Problematic Internet Use : The Mediating Role Of Self-Esteem, Xian Li Jan 2017

Cumulative Risk And Chinese Adolescent Problematic Internet Use : The Mediating Role Of Self-Esteem, Xian Li

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A decade of research has documented the adverse effect of multiple ecological risks on adolescent problematic Internet use (PIU), yet existing research provides rather segmental explanations, and few studies offer a comprehensive and integrated account. A better theoretical and empirical understanding of the associations of multiple ecological risks and PIU, as well as the underlying mechanisms, could help inform intervention practices and policies to mitigate adolescent PIU.

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Nationalism From Above In Narratives : A Comparison Between Britian And China, Zhaojin Lu Jan 2017

Nationalism From Above In Narratives : A Comparison Between Britian And China, Zhaojin Lu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Comparing political speeches and history textbooks in Britain and China from the twentieth century, this study explores the symbolic construction of Chinese and British national identity after the downfall of the empires. In both cases, the decline of the empire and the imperial identity had given the room for the uprising of narrow nationalism, which could be seen respectively in English-centric narratives and Han-centric narratives in the data before and during the World War Two. However, a key difference lay in the building of English nationalism and Han nationalism. The grow of English nationalism was accompanied by a shrinkage of …

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Viral Suppression Among Older Persons Living With Diagnosed Hiv Infection (Plwdhi) With Multimorbidity : The Role Of Healthcare Setting, Health Literacy, And Health Knowledge (Mmp 2009-2014), Doris Ogechukwu Maduka Jan 2017

Viral Suppression Among Older Persons Living With Diagnosed Hiv Infection (Plwdhi) With Multimorbidity : The Role Of Healthcare Setting, Health Literacy, And Health Knowledge (Mmp 2009-2014), Doris Ogechukwu Maduka

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

For persons living with diagnosed HIV infection (PLWDHI) 50 years of age and older, in addition to living with diagnosed HIV infection, they are also at risk for age-related chronic conditions. Optimal management of these conditions in addition to HIV is needed if they hope to achieve positive health outcomes such as achieving durable viral suppression, which is the goal for persons receiving HIV treatment. For these patients, having adequate health related information, and the ability to access and navigate the healthcare system, would help them stay engaged and maintain adherence to HIV care. Factors that have been found to …

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Intra-Exposure Levels Of Anxious Arousal In A Lab-Based Exposure Intervention For Fear Of Public Speaking, Matteo Bugatti Jan 2017

Intra-Exposure Levels Of Anxious Arousal In A Lab-Based Exposure Intervention For Fear Of Public Speaking, Matteo Bugatti

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background. Exposure therapy is effective for addressing social anxiety and public speaking fears, yet there are differences in suggested exposure strategies among empirically supported, manualized treatments. Manualized exposure strategies differ in the relative theoretical emphasis that underpins the specific procedural approach. Some approaches rely more heavily on the principle of habituation and formal cognitive restructuring; alternative approaches emphasize inhibitory learning and the individual's response to his/her own negative emotions, while promoting present-focused awareness. Innovative process methods can shed light on the similarities and differences between these approaches. Objectives. The goal of this study was to examine differences in anxious arousal …

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Eating Pathology In Sexual Minority Men : Evaluating An Objectification Theory Framework And The Role Of Identity Acceptance Concerns, Joseph Michael Donahue Jan 2017

Eating Pathology In Sexual Minority Men : Evaluating An Objectification Theory Framework And The Role Of Identity Acceptance Concerns, Joseph Michael Donahue

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Research supports objectification theory as providing a framework for understanding how eating disturbances can develop in females. However, research among men—specifically sexual minority men who are disproportionally affected by such issues—is deficient. The current study sought to further assess whether the relations hypothesized by objectification theory were significant among sexual minority males. In addition, the current study explored the role of sexual orientation acceptance concerns as a moderating variable. To evaluate the current study’s aims, sexual minority males (N=208) were recruited online and asked to complete self-report measurements related to the objectification theory, eating pathology, and sexual orientation identity. Results …

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Female Athlete Body Project Intervention With Professional Ballet Dancers, Sasha Gorrell Jan 2017

Female Athlete Body Project Intervention With Professional Ballet Dancers, Sasha Gorrell

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Professional dancers have increased vulnerability for eating disorders (EDs), with three times higher risk than non-dancers. Among ballet dancers, generalized risk for EDs associated with internalization of female beauty ideals (i.e., the thin-ideal) in western culture is compounded by idealization of a ballet-specific body ideal, a combination that confers unique vulnerability for eating pathology. Empirical support has been established for a healthy weight intervention (HWI) that promotes body acceptance and reducing eating pathology; the current study adapted a HWI specifically tailored to female athletes for implementation among professional ballet dancers. Participants from two elite ballet companies were randomized to a …

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The Effect Of Social Media On College Students' Descriptive Norms Of And Intentions To Engage In Risky Sexual Behaviors, Gabrielle Groth Hoover Jan 2017

The Effect Of Social Media On College Students' Descriptive Norms Of And Intentions To Engage In Risky Sexual Behaviors, Gabrielle Groth Hoover

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Risky sexual behavior (RSB; i.e., behavior that increases the risk of contracting an STI and/or unplanned pregnancy) is common on college campuses and poses serious health risks to students. Yet, little research has examined the factors impacting students’ engagement in RSB. The current study examined the role of gender and social media in college students’ peer norms of and intentions to engage in RSB. An experimental design was used in which participants were exposed to one of four conditions (i.e., neutral or RSB content, within and without a social media platform) and then asked to report on peer norms of …

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Essays On Health Disparities And Income-Related Health Inequality In Sub-Saharan Africa, Marshall Makate Jan 2017

Essays On Health Disparities And Income-Related Health Inequality In Sub-Saharan Africa, Marshall Makate

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation comprises of five empirical essays. Essay one assesses the impact of prenatal care quality and its components on child mortality using nationwide data from the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHS), 1999-11. Results indicate that increasing prenatal care quality by one unit improves neonatal, infant and under-five survival by about 42.33, 30.86, and 28.65%, respectively and all statically significant at the 1% level.

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Nonprofits, Governance Arrangements, And Outcomes For Society In Brazil, Marcelo Marchesini Da Costa Jan 2017

Nonprofits, Governance Arrangements, And Outcomes For Society In Brazil, Marcelo Marchesini Da Costa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation analyzes the contribution of nonprofit organizations to society. The main goal is to discuss through which conditions nonprofits present beneficial results to society, exploring mainly the alternatives of collaboration with the government or a more autonomous action. Using data from Brazil, the first essay discusses nonprofit location. Despite great regional variation, the previous density of nonprofits existing in a municipality has a stronger positive effect that is larger than the effects of social needs or resources available in explaining why new nonprofits choose to locate in certain sites. The second essay analyzes the effect of nonprofits on the …

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Sexism Makes Me Sick : An Examination Of Potential Mediators In The Link Between Sexism And Women's Mental Health, Kristin L. Mclaughlin Jan 2017

Sexism Makes Me Sick : An Examination Of Potential Mediators In The Link Between Sexism And Women's Mental Health, Kristin L. Mclaughlin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

It has been well established in the literature that discrimination is related to negative mental health outcomes. Consistent with this research, studies have found women’s exposure to sexist discrimination is associated with a host of mental health problems. Moreover, research on women’s exposure to a specific form of sexism called sexual objectification suggests links with specific psychological outcomes related to poor body image and eating problems. Based on a theoretical framework informed by system justification theory, this study attempted to unify and extend research on perceived sexism and objectification theory by investigating benevolent sexism and self-objectification as potential mediators of …

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Narrating Economic Crises In The Media : An Analysis Of The Media Coverage, In Colombia And In The United States, Of Two Crises, The Great Recession (2008) And The Colombian Crisis Of The End Of The Century (1998), Laura Margarita Milanes Jan 2017

Narrating Economic Crises In The Media : An Analysis Of The Media Coverage, In Colombia And In The United States, Of Two Crises, The Great Recession (2008) And The Colombian Crisis Of The End Of The Century (1998), Laura Margarita Milanes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation aims to examine how the public debate of two large scale economic crises is structured in the media, using semiotic and narrative analysis methods. The End-of-the-Century crisis (Colombia, 1998) and the Great Recession are explored through a 2x2 comparative design, which provides two cases of coverage (per country) for each crisis. Within a comparative design, economic crises, events that are part of the economic sphere, and countries that are part of the Global North and of the Global North are chosen to assess the scope conditions of key tenets of cultural sociology scholarship.

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Determination And Analysis Of Dscovr-Eipc Satellite-Retrieved Radiance From Cloud Geometric And Optical Properties, Emily Christine Morgan Jan 2017

Determination And Analysis Of Dscovr-Eipc Satellite-Retrieved Radiance From Cloud Geometric And Optical Properties, Emily Christine Morgan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Using simulations and numerical fitting, this work sought to describe the satellite-retrieved radiance of clouds as a function of their thermodynamic and optical properties. Subsequently, this understanding can then be used in a look-up-table to determine the properties of clouds imaged by the EPIC sensor in the NASA DSCOVR satellite. In this study, background oxygen absorption was modeled in a radiative transfer model and convolved with EPIC filter functions for two absorption-reference pairs for Oxygen A- and B-band. This absorption profile was established as the primary vertical coordinate in this study, leveraging the similarity principle to allow for intercomparison of …

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A Study Of Sociolinguistic Variation In A Small Community : Puerto Rican Spanish In Amsterdam, New York, Zahir Mumin Jan 2017

A Study Of Sociolinguistic Variation In A Small Community : Puerto Rican Spanish In Amsterdam, New York, Zahir Mumin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The objective of the current study is to contribute to the larger body of sociophonetic variation research by describing and analyzing Spanish as spoken in a small Puerto Rican community in the US. First, I describe phonological and morphosyntactic features of Spanish as used by four different groups of Puerto Rican informants in Amsterdam, New York based on the duration of time that they have lived on the Island of Puerto Rico. Previous research on Puerto Rican Spanish in the US has focused particularly on final /s/ deletion (Poplack, 1980b, 1980c), final liquid production of /l/ and /ɾ/ (Ramos-Pellicia, 2007), …

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Queer Youth Activism : Generational Change In The Us Lgbtq Movement, Megan K. Murphy Jan 2017

Queer Youth Activism : Generational Change In The Us Lgbtq Movement, Megan K. Murphy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The past several decades have witnessed rapid social and cultural change around LGBTQ individuals and sexual politics in the United States. As a result, LGBTQ youth are coming of age in a socio-historical context characterized by increasing normalization and visibility of LGBTQ people and less overt homophobia where LGBTQ individuals live their lives largely beyond the closet. In this dissertation, the unique characteristics of this post-closet movement generation are explored. I identify three core tensions faced by the post-closet generation: navigating restrictive at risk/victim frames, negotiating identities in the context of growing ambivalence about traditional gay/lesbian categories, and carving out …

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Antecedents And Consequences Of Performance Information Use In Collaborative Networks, Manabu Nakashima Jan 2017

Antecedents And Consequences Of Performance Information Use In Collaborative Networks, Manabu Nakashima

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study aims to explore antecedents and consequences of performance information use in collaborative networks, focusing on the effects of network members’ interaction patterns and relational characteristics on performance information use. Using a case of the Faraway County system of care wherein network participants engaged in collective decision making and service provisions to mentally-ill children and youth, this study addresses three research questions:

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The Right Approach To Success : Approach And Avoidance Motivation In Anticipatory Self-Control, Ellen O'Malley Jan 2017

The Right Approach To Success : Approach And Avoidance Motivation In Anticipatory Self-Control, Ellen O'Malley

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Self-control success often requires considerable effort in moments of temptation. The current research examines the effectiveness of self-control strategies based on individual differences in self-regulatory motivation. Although self-control appears to come easier to those who are avoidance-motivated rather than approach-motivated, this may be due to the conditions under which self-control is needed and tested. Specifically, the temporal context of an anticipated selfcontrol conflict (i.e., if it is near or distant) may be more instrumental for approach-motivated self-regulation relative to avoidance-motivated self-regulation. Three studies test the temporal and motivational conditions under which participants successfully pursue self-control goals. Results suggest that anticipatory …

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Depression And Anxiety In Emerging Adults : The Impact Of Executive Function And Coping, Elisabeth J. O'Rourke Jan 2017

Depression And Anxiety In Emerging Adults : The Impact Of Executive Function And Coping, Elisabeth J. O'Rourke

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Emerging adulthood is a developmental period marked by increased anxiety related to academic, social, and professional stressors. The ability to successfully cope with stress is strongly negatively related to mental health outcomes. Furthermore, recent studies indicate a connection between executive function impairment, anxiety and depression. The current study examines executive functioning (EF), coping, anxiety, and depression in a sample of 210 emerging adults (NMales = 131, Mage = 19.14). Additionally, the relation between EF and coping is explored. Finally, coping’s effect on the relation between EF and outcome (anxiety and depression) is investigated. The results demonstrate that males and females …

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