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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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Faculty Publications

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Articles 3841 - 3870 of 4631

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Prickly Pear Cactus And Pastoralism In Southwest Madagascar, Jeffrey C. Kaufmann Sep 2004

Prickly Pear Cactus And Pastoralism In Southwest Madagascar, Jeffrey C. Kaufmann

Faculty Publications

Madagascar's Mahafale cattle raisers have adopted several species of the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia) into their subsistence patterns. Their use of Opuntia has had the economic effects of both sedentary and transhumant intensification. It lengthens the stay of pastoralists at their villages and structures the timing of their seasonal migration to distant pastures.

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Information Technology And Society Research Lab, Anita Coleman Aug 2004

Information Technology And Society Research Lab, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

This short presentation (12 Microsoft PowerPoint slides with 14 selective references) was delivered at the SIRLS researchers get-together. It traces the genesis of DLIST and the Information Technology and Society research lab.

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Merrill's Code For Classifiers, Anita Coleman Aug 2004

Merrill's Code For Classifiers, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

This Microsoft PowerPoint presentation of 25 slides includes several pictures and quotations about and from the "Code for Classifiers: Principles governing the consistent placing of books in a system of classification" by William Stetson Merrill. Coleman briefly explores the problems of classification presented in the Code, the model of collaboration that was used to develop the principles documented in the various editions of the Code, and how the Code can be used to develop a federated classification (classifying) model for digital library organization. The discussion also makes it clear that early American library classification was not just a "mark and …

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Citation Indexes For Online Interdisciplinary Learning, Anita Coleman Aug 2004

Citation Indexes For Online Interdisciplinary Learning, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Virtual Laboratories In Digital Libraries, Anita Coleman Aug 2004

Virtual Laboratories In Digital Libraries, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Like Your Classes, Know Your Professors? Predictors Of Talented College Students’ Science And Technology Careers, James Lee, Christina Stow Aug 2004

Like Your Classes, Know Your Professors? Predictors Of Talented College Students’ Science And Technology Careers, James Lee, Christina Stow

Faculty Publications

In the US, there is great loss of academically talented college-level science and technology students as many decide not to follow through with their initial career choices. Following research that has implicated personal relationships in career decision-making, we study the effects of college course experiences, relationships with professors, and individual characteristics on career plans of 58 talented university students by analyzing interview data gathered in 1999. Among other things, we find that students who dropped out have few positive science course experiences and no relationships with faculty. Life sciences students report that they do not like science courses, but they …

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Characteristics Of Preschoolers With Lower Perceived Competence, Robert J. Coplan, Leanne C. Findlay, Larry J. Nelson Aug 2004

Characteristics Of Preschoolers With Lower Perceived Competence, Robert J. Coplan, Leanne C. Findlay, Larry J. Nelson

Faculty Publications

The goal of the present study was to identify preschool children with “age-inappropriate” less positive self-perceptions, and to explore their parental and peer relationships as compared to their classmates with “age normal” self-perceptions. Participants were n = 127 preschool children (M age = 54.98 mos., SD = 8.21). Data were collected from multiple sources including parental ratings, child self-reports, and teacher ratings. Results indicated that as compared to their peers, children with less positive self-perceptions demonstrated more internalizing problems (i.e., loneliness, social-withdrawal), were more excluded by peers, and had mothers with less positive parenting styles. Results are discussed in …

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President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings Aug 2004

President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Knowledge Structures And The Vocabulary Of Engineering Novices, Anita Coleman Jul 2004

Knowledge Structures And The Vocabulary Of Engineering Novices, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

This presentation is based on the refereed paper published in the ISKO 8 proceedings (see References for citation). It describes a study of the language used by undergraduate engineering students engaged in a civil engineering laboratory. Learnerâ s concepts and relationships in the area of soil consolidation were elicited in order to provide an understanding of the structural knowledge of novices and compare it with the knowledge structures of a human expert and a thesaurus tool. Concept maps and pathfinder networks were used to visualize and analyze the resultant knowledge structures of novice learners, expert, and tool. Results show that …

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Integration Of Non-Oai Resources For Federated Searching In Dlist, Anita Coleman, Paul Bracke, S. Karthik Jul 2004

Integration Of Non-Oai Resources For Federated Searching In Dlist, Anita Coleman, Paul Bracke, S. Karthik

Faculty Publications

Federated, distributed, and broadcast searches on the Internet depend on an underlying common metadata framework by which the information resources to be searched are organized. The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) is designed to facilitate searches across OAI-compliant databases. Software such as Arc allow service providers to offer federated searching of multiple, OAI-compliant resources. The majority of web-accessible information resources, however, are not OAI-compliant. This article describes a process whereby readily available open source tools and customized scripts were developed for integrating metadata from non-OAI compliant repositories for a federated search. The work described is being carried …

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From Discussion Leader To Consumer Guide: A Century Of Theater Criticism In Chicago Newspapers, Scott B. Fosdick Jul 2004

From Discussion Leader To Consumer Guide: A Century Of Theater Criticism In Chicago Newspapers, Scott B. Fosdick

Faculty Publications

This article completes a three-part examination of theater critics working for Chicago newspapers during the twentieth century. The first article in the series covered the "boomtown" period leading up to World War I, and the second article addressed Chicago's rise after 1960 as a regional center for theater covered by fewer newspapers and fewer critics. This article reviews those periods but emphasizes the middle, "road town" period, which saw a gradually dwindling band of critics functioning as quality control experts, passing judgment on New York road shows. After examining that period, this article uses commodification to consider the changing role …

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Using Tribal/State Title Iv-E Agreements To Help American Indian Tribes Access Foster Care And Adoption Funding, Eddie F. Brown, Gordon E. Limb, Chey A. Clifford, Ric Munoz, Leslie Schueler Whitaker Jul 2004

Using Tribal/State Title Iv-E Agreements To Help American Indian Tribes Access Foster Care And Adoption Funding, Eddie F. Brown, Gordon E. Limb, Chey A. Clifford, Ric Munoz, Leslie Schueler Whitaker

Faculty Publications

Funding under Title IV-E has historically not been available to American Indian communities, therefore, tribes have had to develop agreements with states to access these funds for child care services. This study analyzes Title IV-E intergovernmental provisions to help tribes and states strengthen Title IV-E agreements. A nationwide content analysis of existing Title IV-E documents, phone interviews, and focus groups revealed that Title IV-E tribal/state agreements vary widely, with most tribes not receiving full access to state services. These agreements focus on foster care maintenance payments and services. This article includes recommendations to help facilitate tribal access to Title IV-E …

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The Constitutionality Of The Filibuster, Michael J. Gerhardt Jul 2004

The Constitutionality Of The Filibuster, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Teaching Reading To Speakers Of Non-Romanized Languages, Scott Alkire Jul 2004

Teaching Reading To Speakers Of Non-Romanized Languages, Scott Alkire

Faculty Publications

Speakers of non-Romanized languages face special challenges in learning to read English: a new alphabet, the left-to-right direction of English text (new to many of these learners), and, most significantly, the letter-sound correspondences of English, which are relatively complex among Romanized languages. Fortunately, strategies for overcoming these challenges are presented in a text by the famous linguist Leonard Bloomfield and the lexicographer Clarence Barnhart (Bloomfield & Barnhart, 1961). Though Bloomfield and Barnhart’s text was designed for teaching native-English-speaking children to read, with minor modifications it can be used to successfully teach speakers of non-Romanized languages to read as well. This …

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Combining Learning Approaches For Incremental On-Line Parsing, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael B. Manookin Jul 2004

Combining Learning Approaches For Incremental On-Line Parsing, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael B. Manookin

Faculty Publications

This paper discusses the integration of two different machine learning approaches to modeling language, NL-Soar and analogical modeling (AM). The resulting hybrid system is capable of functionality that is not possible when using only one of the systems in isolation. After a brief introduction of each system, an explanation is given of how AM is used to provide information useful to NL-Soar for two tasks. Examples are given, and related issues are outlined.

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Ethnic/Racial Matching Of Clients And Social Workers In Public Child Welfare, Robin Perry, Gordon E. Limb Jun 2004

Ethnic/Racial Matching Of Clients And Social Workers In Public Child Welfare, Robin Perry, Gordon E. Limb

Faculty Publications

Although considerable debate exists throughout the human-service literature regarding the potential benefits and limitations associated with ethnic/racial matching of clients and workers, there are few studies that examine the prevalence of this practice with large representative samples. This study utilizes a secondary analysis of data collected from 4813 public-child-welfare workers throughout California. Using census data to control for county-specific population demographics, American-Indian, Hispanic/Latino(a), Caucasian, and Asian-American child-welfare workers are more than two times more likely to have caseloads with a high percentage of clients who match their race/ethnicity than workers self-identified as another race/ethnicity. African-American workers are 1.28 times more …

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President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings Jun 2004

President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Informe Técnico De Los Trabajos De Campo Del Proyecto Arqueológico Huambacho-Temporada 2003, David Chicoine, Victor Pimentel Apr 2004

Informe Técnico De Los Trabajos De Campo Del Proyecto Arqueológico Huambacho-Temporada 2003, David Chicoine, Victor Pimentel

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings Apr 2004

President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Output Gap Uncertainty And Monetary Policy During The 1970s, David E. Spencer Feb 2004

Output Gap Uncertainty And Monetary Policy During The 1970s, David E. Spencer

Faculty Publications

The conduct of monetary policy during the 1970s was greatly complicated by systematic real-time misperceptions of the state of economic activity as measured by the output gap. Employing real-time data and using the Taylor rule as an analytical framework, I explore the implications of utilizing alternative observable proxies for the unobservable output gap. I compare the counterfactual paths for the federal funds rate generated under each proxy with the actual path of the federal funds rate and a benchmark ("ideal") path implied by a full information Taylor rule. Results suggest that these real-time proxies would have resulted in better policy …

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Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On Anxiety Sensitivity, Joshua J. Broman-Fulks, Mitchell E. Berman, Brian A. Rabian, Michael J. Webster Feb 2004

Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On Anxiety Sensitivity, Joshua J. Broman-Fulks, Mitchell E. Berman, Brian A. Rabian, Michael J. Webster

Faculty Publications

Anxiety sensitivity is a known precursor to panic attacks and panic disorder, and involves the misinterpretation of anxiety-related sensations. Aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce generalized anxiety, and may also reduce anxiety sensitivity through exposure to feared physiological sensations. Accordingly, 54 participants with elevated anxiety sensitivity scores completed six 20-min treadmill exercise sessions at either a high-intensity aerobic (n = 29) or low-intensity (n = 25) level. Self-ratings of anxiety sensitivity, fear of physiological sensations associated with anxiety, and generalized anxiety were obtained at pretreatment, post-treatment, and one-week follow-up. Results indicated that both high- and low-intensity exercise reduced anxiety …

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Fiscal Decentralization In The Czech And Slovak Republics: A Comparative Study Of Moral Hazard, Phillip J. Bryson, Gary C. Cornia, Gloria E. Wheeler Feb 2004

Fiscal Decentralization In The Czech And Slovak Republics: A Comparative Study Of Moral Hazard, Phillip J. Bryson, Gary C. Cornia, Gloria E. Wheeler

Faculty Publications

Fiscal decentralization has provided neither the benefits of decentralization nor an independent revenue source for subnational governments in the Czech and Slovak Republics. In Slovakia, political conditions early in the transition led to the relative neglect of revenue transfers from the center. This produced financial stress but also encouraged greater fiscal independence for local governments. It also forced them to seek maximal property tax revenues. The Czech Republic made more substantial transfers to local governments, but the development of fiscal autonomy was stifled as transfers reduced the need for own-source local revenues. The Czech real estate tax has remained nominal …

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President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings Feb 2004

President's Page, Samantha K. Hastings

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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No Child Left Behind: Flowers Don’T Grow In The Desert, William T. Armaline, D Levy Jan 2004

No Child Left Behind: Flowers Don’T Grow In The Desert, William T. Armaline, D Levy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Aesthetic Turn In Green Marketing: Environmental Consumer Ethics Of Natural Personal Care Products, Anne Marie Todd Jan 2004

The Aesthetic Turn In Green Marketing: Environmental Consumer Ethics Of Natural Personal Care Products, Anne Marie Todd

Faculty Publications

Green consumerism is on the rise in America, but its environmental effects are contested. Does green marketing contribute to the greening of American consciousness, or does it encourage corporate greenwashing? This tenuous ethical position means that eco-marketers must carefully frame their environmental products in a way that appeals to consumers with environmental ethics and buyers who consider natural products as well as conventional items. Thus, eco-marketing constructs a complicated ethical identity for the green consumer. Environmentally aware individuals are already guided by their personal ethics. In trying to attract new consumers, environmentally minded businesses attach an aesthetic quality to environmental …

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Bridging The Internet Divide: An Analysis Of The Changing Nature Of The Political Communication Of Moveon.Org, Anne Marie Todd, C. M. Sabee Jan 2004

Bridging The Internet Divide: An Analysis Of The Changing Nature Of The Political Communication Of Moveon.Org, Anne Marie Todd, C. M. Sabee

Faculty Publications

This paper looks into the conversations among members on MoveOn’s electronic bulletin boards and MoveOn’s public rhetorical messages, including press releases, advertisements and campaign actions. These conversational and rhetorical media illuminate the links between the communication for internal and public audiences, and offer a look at the changing nature of political communication.

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Growing Faithful Children In Media Cultures, Mary E. Hess Jan 2004

Growing Faithful Children In Media Cultures, Mary E. Hess

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Northern Naval Superiority And The Economics Of The American Civil War By David G. Surdam, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel Jan 2004

Review Of Northern Naval Superiority And The Economics Of The American Civil War By David G. Surdam, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Strain Experienced By Caregivers Of Dementia Patients Receiving Palliative Care: Findings From The Palliative Excellence In Alzheimer’S Care Efforts (Peace) Program, Sadhna Diwan, Gavin W. Hougham, Greg A. Sachs Jan 2004

Strain Experienced By Caregivers Of Dementia Patients Receiving Palliative Care: Findings From The Palliative Excellence In Alzheimer’S Care Efforts (Peace) Program, Sadhna Diwan, Gavin W. Hougham, Greg A. Sachs

Faculty Publications

Programs that provide palliative care to individuals with dementia, which is a progressive terminal illness, are likely to encounter different issues (e.g., management of problem behaviors, caregiver strain extending over years) from those typically addressed by hospice programs. Little research is available on palliative care for individuals with dementia who live in the community.This study examines predictors of types of strain experienced by caregivers of community-dwelling patients with dementia enrolled in a unique demonstration program titled Palliative Excellence in Alzheimer Care Efforts (PEACE), which moved palliative care"upstream," integrating palliative care into the primary care of patients with dementia.Data were collected …

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Transportation Rates, Monopsony Power And The Location Decision Of The Firm, Yeung-Nan Shieh, C.N. Yeh Jan 2004

Transportation Rates, Monopsony Power And The Location Decision Of The Firm, Yeung-Nan Shieh, C.N. Yeh

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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